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172 results for “filtration”
Dataset for: Modelling the filtration efficiency of a woven fabric: The role of multiple lengthscales
<p>This is data for: "Modelling the filtration efficiency of a woven fabric: The role of multiple lengthscales", on <a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/2110.02856">arXiv</a></p> <p>Files are (this is also in README file):</p> <p>1) FinalFused.tif : stack of slices taken with confocal at Bristol by Ioatzin Rios de Anda. This is the imaging data of the fabric used</p> <p>2) processDataTo3D_PAPER.py : Python code to analyse 1) to produce mask of fibre voxels needed for LB simulation, by Jake Wilkins</p> <p>3) LBregionstack.tiff : image stack for region in LB simulations</p> <p>4) masknx330ny280nz462_t10.txt : mask in right format to be read in to Palabos LB code to specify which voxels are fibre and so need bounce-back</p> <p>5) Ioatzin3D.cpp : C++ code for Palabos LB. NB need Palabos LB code: https://palabos.unige.ch/, should go in directory "~/palabos-v2.2.0/examples/Ioatzin/3D<br> ". Needs 4)</p> <p>6) make_pkl.py : converts output of LB code into Python pickled format for .py codes below.</p> <p>7) IoatzinDarcy_pkl.py : takes pickled output of LB code and computes Darcy k etc</p> <p>8) traj2_pkledge.py : computes trajectories of particles and so filtration efficiency, needs pickled output of LBC code and 9)</p> <p>9) lattice_params.yaml : parameter values for 7) and 8)</p> <p>10) eff_filter_edges.txt : filtration efficiencies computed by 8) WITH inertia</p> <p>11) eff_filter0Stokes.txt : filtration efficiencies computed by 8) WITHOUT inertia</p> <p>12) plot_filtration.py : plots 10) and 11)</p> <p>13) Final_render.mp4 : rotating animation showing region simulated by LB code, by Jake Wilkins</p> <p>14) alpha_ofz.txt : alpha - fraction of fibres voxels as function of z</p> <p>15) plot_justalpha.py : plots 14)</p> <p>16) vtk01.vti : flow field velocity field in vti format - as used by Paraview</p> <p>17) vel3D.pkl : flow field velocity field in Python's pkl format</p> <p>18) slice_heatmap.py : produces heatmap of velocities in xy slice through the flow field</p> <p>19) plot_sigma_streamlines.py : plots Sigma (curvature lengthscale) from 20), 21), 22), 23)</p> <p>20) stream4.txt: streamline for flow field</p> <p>21) stream5.txt: streamline for flow field</p> <p>22) stream6.txt: streamline for flow field</p> <p>23) stream7.txt: streamline for flow field</p> <p>24) plot_Stokes.py : plots Stokes number as function of particle diameter</p> <p>25) 0traj20.0_47.xyz : trajectory in format that Paraview can read</p> <p>26) intraj20.0_47.xyz : another trajectory</p> <p>27) streamlines_pkl.py : calculates streamlines, eg 20), 21), 22) and 23) </p> <p>28) this README file</p> <p>Abstract of that work:</p> <p>During the COVID-19 pandemic, many millions have worn masks made of woven fabric, to reduce the risk of transmission of COVID-19. Masks are essentially air filters worn on the face, that should filter out as many of the dangerous particles as possible. Here the dangerous particles are the droplets containing virus that are exhaled by an infected person. Woven fabric is unlike the material used in standard air filters. Woven fabric consists of fibres twisted together into yarns that are then woven into fabric. There are therefore two lengthscales: the diameters of: (i) the fibre and (ii) the yarn. Standard air filters have only (i). To understand how woven fabrics filter, we have used confocal microscopy to take three dimensional images of woven fabric. We then used the image to perform Lattice Boltzmann simulations of the air flow through fabric. With this flow field we calculated the filtration efficiency for particles around a micrometre in diameter. We find that for particles in this size range, filtration efficiency is low ($\sim 10\%$) but increases with increasing particle size. These efficiencies are comparable to measurements made for fabrics. The low efficiency is due to most of the air flow being channeled through relatively large (tens of micrometres across) inter-yarn pores. So we conclude that our sampled fabric is expected to filter poorly due to the hierarchical structure of woven fabrics.</p>
Effect of varying post field collection filtration times on lake water nutrient analysis for Green Lake 3 and Green Lake 4, 2025.
After field collection, filtration time on lake and stream samples can vary. To test how this affects nutrient measurements we filtered samples from Green Lakes 3 and 4 at the time of collection in the field, immediately upon returning to the lab, 24 hours, and 48 hours after collection. Samples were then frozen and analyzed for chloride, nitrate and sulfate. Chloride and nitrate were below detection limits so only sulfate is reported. There was no statistically significant loss of sulfate as time progressed, indicating current filtration methods (<48 hours after collection) are acceptable for samples being analyzed via ion chromatography.
Flexible planar supercapacitors by straightforward filtration and laser processing steps
<p>Dataset for publication (journal article):</p><p>Flexible planar supercapacitors by straightforward filtration and laser processing steps</p><p>by Olli Pitkänen, Toprak Eraslan, Dániel Sebők, Imre Szenti, Ákos Kukovecz, Robert Vajtai and Krisztian Kordas</p><p>Published 22 September 2020 • © 2020 The Author(s). Published by IOP Publishing Ltd </p><p>Nanotechnology, Volume 31, Number 49 </p><p>Citation: Olli Pitkänen et al 2020 Nanotechnology 31 495403</p><p>DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/abb336</p>
Dataset from the analysis of biological activity of endophytic strain Serratia quinivorans KP32, the expression of biocontrol-related genes and the activity of antioxidant enzymes in bacterial cells treated with pathogenic fungi filtrates
<p>This dataset contains the data from the analyses published in the article entitled "Genetic Determinants of Antagonistic Interactions and the Response of New Endophytic Strain <i>Serratia quinivorans</i> KP32 to Fungal Phytopathogens" in the International Journal of Molecular Sciences (https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms232415561). The data consist of results collected for studies on the antifungal activity of KP32 strain towards four fungal phytopathogens, results of primer efficiency determination and studies on the expression of genes potentially involved in biocontrol after treatment of KP32 strain with the fungal phytopathogens filtrates. Additionally, absorbances from activity tests for catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) in the strain treated with fungal pathogens are included.</p>
Operating diagram of hatching module, this module consists of two clearly separated sections, each consisting of two long tanks (2 × 0.2 × 0.2 m) designed to accommodate hatching boxes, a filtration tank and an independent water circulation pump with a cooling unit and UV sterilizer. This allows simultaneous monitoring of 16 batches of eggs. in Reproduction of Zingel asper (Linnaeus, 1758) in controlled conditions: an assessment of the experiences realized since 2005 at the Besançon Natural History Museum
Operating diagram of hatching module, this module consists of two clearly separated sections, each consisting of two long tanks (2 × 0.2 × 0.2 m) designed to accommodate hatching boxes, a filtration tank and an independent water circulation pump with a cooling unit and UV sterilizer. This allows simultaneous monitoring of 16 batches of eggs.
Operating diagram of larvae hatching module, this installation was used to determine the optimum larvae load during the rearing process and provided additional space for rearing several thousand larvae. It consists of nine 20-litre tanks with a glass panel along the front. They are fitted with an inlet supplying filtrated water at a rate of 100 l/h and an individual air inlet. in Reproduction of Zingel asper (Linnaeus, 1758) in controlled conditions: an assessment of the experiences realized since 2005 at the Besançon Natural History Museum
Operating diagram of larvae hatching module, this installation was used to determine the optimum larvae load during the rearing process and provided additional space for rearing several thousand larvae. It consists of nine 20-litre tanks with a glass panel along the front. They are fitted with an inlet supplying filtrated water at a rate of 100 l/h and an individual air inlet.
Operating diagram of hatching module in Zoug jars, this system consists of a 300-litre temperature-controlled isothermal enclosure containing 10 one-litre Zoug jars, each able to accommodate several hundred eggs. An ascending current holds the eggs in suspension and carries the larvae to the surface. Another bottle connected to this device collects the larvae. The water circulating in the jars is independent of that used in the filtration circuit. A cooling unit and UV sterilizer complete the installation. in Reproduction of Zingel asper (Linnaeus, 1758) in controlled conditions: an assessment of the experiences realized since 2005 at the Besançon Natural History Museum
Operating diagram of hatching module in Zoug jars, this system consists of a 300-litre temperature-controlled isothermal enclosure containing 10 one-litre Zoug jars, each able to accommodate several hundred eggs. An ascending current holds the eggs in suspension and carries the larvae to the surface. Another bottle connected to this device collects the larvae. The water circulating in the jars is independent of that used in the filtration circuit. A cooling unit and UV sterilizer complete the installation.
Operating diagram of IF incubator, two identical incubators were used for eggs that were already sorted. They are made up of an isothermal enclosure and contain three tiers (100 × 60 × 17 cm). The water circulating in each tier comes from the same filtration, cooling and sterilisation device. As a result, the eggs placed in the different tiers are subject to the same temperature regime. in Reproduction of Zingel asper (Linnaeus, 1758) in controlled conditions: an assessment of the experiences realized since 2005 at the Besançon Natural History Museum
Operating diagram of IF incubator, two identical incubators were used for eggs that were already sorted. They are made up of an isothermal enclosure and contain three tiers (100 × 60 × 17 cm). The water circulating in each tier comes from the same filtration, cooling and sterilisation device. As a result, the eggs placed in the different tiers are subject to the same temperature regime.
Operating diagram of DR1/DR2 double riffle; it consists of two independent sections (DR1 and DR2), each containing 630 litres of water and measuring 2.5 x 0.6 m. Each section contains a filtration system separate from the fish, a cooling unit and an ultraviolet sterilizer. An 80 W UQL lamp completes the lighting of the module lit during the day. in Reproduction of Zingel asper (Linnaeus, 1758) in controlled conditions: an assessment of the experiences realized since 2005 at the Besançon Natural History Museum
Operating diagram of DR1/DR2 double riffle; it consists of two independent sections (DR1 and DR2), each containing 630 litres of water and measuring 2.5 x 0.6 m. Each section contains a filtration system separate from the fish, a cooling unit and an ultraviolet sterilizer. An 80 W UQL lamp completes the lighting of the module lit during the day.
Figure 3 in Filtrates from cultures of endophytic fungi isolated from leaves of Copaifera oblongifolia (Fabaceae) affect germination and seedling development differently
Figure 3. Variations (mean ± standard error) of aerial mass (A), root mass (B) and total seedling mass (C) of Copaifera oblongifolia as a function of treatments with inoculation of different species of endophytic fungi. Different letters on the bars indicate statistical variations between treatments (P <0.05) according contrast analysis
Figure 1 in Filtrates from cultures of endophytic fungi isolated from leaves of Copaifera oblongifolia (Fabaceae) affect germination and seedling development differently
Figure 1. Variations (mean ± standard error) of the germination percentage (A) and the time required for germination (B) of Copaifera oblongifolia seeds as a function of treatments with inoculation of different species of endophytic fungi. Different letters on the bars indicate statistical variations between treatments (P <0.05) according contrast analysis.
Figure 4 in Filtrates from cultures of endophytic fungi isolated from leaves of Copaifera oblongifolia (Fabaceae) affect germination and seedling development differently
Figure 4. The relationship between aerial mass (A), root mass (B) and total seedling mass (C) with seed mass of Copaifera oblongifolia.
Fig. 4 in Filtration and respiration responses of mussels (Mytilus edulis) to trematode parasite infections (Renicola roscovita) and transient heat exposure
Fig. 4. Filtration rate in relation to infection intensity (metacercariae mussel– 1) for small (A) and large (B) mussels. Generalized Additive Mixed Models (GAMMs) predictions (lines) and 95 % CIs (shaded area) are conditioned on the average time points. Each point represents filtration measurement per minute and each stratum shows temporal filtration of one mussel.
Fig. 3 in Filtration and respiration responses of mussels (Mytilus edulis) to trematode parasite infections (Renicola roscovita) and transient heat exposure
Fig. 3. Linear mixed models of filtration and respiration rates of small (A, C) and large (B, D) M. edulis, either uninfected (light blue) or infected (light pink) with Renicola roscovita under a constant temperature of 17 ◦C. The bottom red line in the subplot B indicates the interval of significant difference between smoothers. The shaded area represents 95 % CIs. Each point represents the filtration or respiration rate measured minutely. The sample size for each group of small or large mussels was 9–18 and 9–16 for infected and uninfected, respectively. (For interpretation of the references to colour in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the Web version of this article.)
Fig. 2 in Filtration and respiration responses of mussels (Mytilus edulis) to trematode parasite infections (Renicola roscovita) and transient heat exposure
Fig. 2. Post-warming scaled mussel filtration (A) and respiration (B) in relation to infection intensity. Generalized Additive Mixed Models (GAMMs) predictions (lines) and 95 % CIs (shaded area) are conditioned on the average post-warming time points. Individual points represent filtration or respiration measured every 5 min and each stratum represents measurements of one mussel.
Fig. 1. Mussel filtration and respiration responses during Experiment 1 in Filtration and respiration responses of mussels (Mytilus edulis) to trematode parasite infections (Renicola roscovita) and transient heat exposure
Fig. 1. Mussel filtration and respiration responses during Experiment 1. Generalized Additive Mixed Models (GAMMs) of responses of small size mussels uninfected and infected with Renicola roscovita during exposure to a constant mild temperature (for 5 h) followed by a 24-h thermal fluctuation. Each point represents filtration or respiration measurement per 5 min (shaded areas represent 95 % CIs). Sample size for each group was 8 and 11 for infected and uninfected, respectively. The negative values recorded during the metabolic depression phase are due to extra random variation in the measurement, variability between individuals and the white noise of oximeter device.
Data from: Hydrodynamic analysis of bioinspired vortical cross-step filtration by computational modelling
<p><span><span>Research on the suspension-feeding apparatus of fishes has led recently to the identification of novel filtration mechanisms involving vortices. Structures inside fish mouths form a series of 'backward-facing steps' by protruding medially into the mouth cavity. In paddlefish and basking shark mouths, porous gill rakers lie inside 'slots' between the protruding branchial arches. Vortical flows inside the slots of physical models have been shown to be important for the filtration process, but the complex flow patterns have not been visualized fully. Here we resolve the three-dimensional hydrodynamics by computational fluid dynamics simulation of a simplified mouth cavity including realistic flow dynamics at the porous layer. We developed and validated a modelling protocol in ANSYS Fluent software that combines a porous media model and permeability direction vector mapping. We found that vortex shape and confinement to the medial side of the gill rakers result from flow resistance by the porous gill raker surfaces. Anteriorly directed vortical flow shears the porous layer in the centre of slots. Flow patterns also indicate that slot entrances should remain unblocked, except for the posterior-most slot. This new modelling approach will enable future design exploration of fish-inspired filters.</span></span></p>
Data from: Hydrodynamic analysis of bioinspired vortical cross-step filtration by computational modelling
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Theoretical analysis of superadiabatic combustion for non-stationary filtration combustion by excess enthalpy function
The superadiabatic combustion for non-stationary filtration combustion is analytically studied. The non-dimensional excess enthalpy function (H) equation is theoretically derived based on a one-dimensional, two-temperature model. In contract to the H equation for the stationary filtration combustion, a new term, which takes into account the effect of non-dimensional combustion wave speed, is included in H equation for transient filtration combustion. The governing equations with boundary conditions are solved by commercial software Fluent. The predictions show that the maximum non-dimensional gas and solid temperatures in the flame zone are greater than 3 for equivalence ratio of 0.15. An examination of the four source terms in the H equation indicates that the thermal conductivity ratio (Γs) between the solid and gas phases is the dominative one among the four terms and basically determines H distribution. For lean premixed combustion in porous media, the superadiabatic combustion effect is more pronounced for the lower Γs.
Dataset of Paper: "Evaluation of membranes performance for microplastic removal in a simple and low-cost filtration system"
<p>Dataset of Paper: "Evaluation of membranes performance for microplastic removal in a simple and low-cost filtration system":</p> <ul> <li>Zeta potential curves as a function of pH</li> <li>Results of transmembrane pressure (TMP) and flow rate of the filtration experiments. Average transmembrane pressure drop (ΔTMP) and flux (J) after 10 min of operation.</li> <li>Total number of unremoved microplastic particles per litre (NTMP), average size (DMP), and mass removal efficiency (MRE%) of each membrane when filtering water with 100 mg/L of PA and PS</li> </ul>
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