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11 results for “fisheries selectivity”
Data and code from: Recreational fisheries selectively capture and harvest large predators
<p>Size and species selective harvest, inevitably alters the composition of targeted populations and communities. This can potentially harm fish stocks, ecosystem functionality, and related services, as evidenced in numerous commercial fisheries. The high popularity of rod-and-reel recreational fishing, practiced by hundreds of millions globally, raises concerns about similar deteriorating effects. Despite its prevalence, the species and size selectivity of recreational fisheries remain largely unquantified due to a lack of combined catch data and fisheries-independent surveys. This study addresses this gap by using standardised monitoring data and over 60,000 digital angling catch reports from 62 distinct fisheries. The findings demonstrate a pronounced selectivity in recreational fisheries, targeting top-predators and large individuals. Catch-and-release practices reduced the overall harvest by 60 % but did not substantially alter this selectivity. The strong species- and size-specific selectivity mirror patterns observed in other fisheries, emphasising the importance of managing the potential adverse effects of recreational fisheries selective mortality and overfishing.</p>
FIGURE 2 in Urban market amplifies strong species selectivity in Amazonian artisanal fisheries
FIGURE 2 | The most important 20 fish species by total biomass caught, in descending order, split by season. These species represent 90% of the total biomass caught.
FIGURE 5 in Urban market amplifies strong species selectivity in Amazonian artisanal fisheries
FIGURE 5 | Fish species diversity caught by rural artisanal fishers on the Rio Purus. Fishing catches to be sold were less diverse than those to be consumed. Trips were classified based on whether the stated intention by the fisher was to sell, for household consumption or both. The Shannon's diversity index, calculated per fishing trip, is shown.
FIGURE 4 in Urban market amplifies strong species selectivity in Amazonian artisanal fisheries
FIGURE 4 | Fish species rank curve (by percentage biomass), during the (A) high-water and (B) low-water seasons. (A) Mylossoma albiscopum and Colossoma macropomum dominate high water catches, both for sale only (red) and for both sale and consumption (black). These species are also both important in catches for consumption only (green), but Pimelodus blochii is the most important species in this category. (B) Arapaima gigas dominates low-water season commercial fish catches (red), Osteoglossum bicirrhosum in catches for both consumption and sale (black), and Mylossoma albiscopum (=M. duriventre) and Triportheus angulatus in catches for consumption only.
FIGURE 3 in Urban market amplifies strong species selectivity in Amazonian artisanal fisheries
FIGURE 3 | Fish assemblages vary markedly by (A) hydrological season and (B) geographical remoteness, shown by NMDS (Non-metric Multidimensional Scaling) graphs. Based on similarity analysis of seasonal fish assemblages. Less-remote communities are those <600 km fluvial travel distance from Manaus, which receive visits by Manaus-based boats that purchase fish and deposit ice at least weekly, while more-remote communities are those> 600 km fluvial travel distance from Manaus that do not.
Data and code from: Recreational fisheries selectively capture and harvest large predators
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Whole genome resequencing reveals signatures of rapid selection in a virus affected commercial fishery
<p>Infectious diseases are recognised as one of the greatest global threats to biodiversity and ecosystem functioning. Consequently, there is a growing urgency to understand the speed at which adaptive phenotypes can evolve and spread in natural populations to inform future management. Here we provide evidence of rapid genomic changes in wild Australian blacklip abalone (<em>Haliotis rubra</em>) following a major population crash associated with an infectious disease. Genome scans on <em>H. rubra</em> were performed using pooled whole genome re-sequencing data from commercial fishing stocks varying in historical exposure to haliotid herpesvirus-1 (HaHV-1). Approximately 25,000 SNP loci associated with virus exposure were identified, many of which mapped to genes known to contribute to HaHV-1 immunity in the New Zealand pāua (<em>H. iris</em>) and herpesvirus response pathways in haliotids and other animal systems. These findings indicate genetic changes across a single generation in <em>H. rubra </em>fishing stocks decimated by HaHV-1, with stock recovery potentially determined by rapid evolutionary changes leading to virus resistance. This is a novel example of rapid adaptation in natural populations of a non-model marine organism, highlighting the pace at which selection can potentially act to counter disease in wildlife communities.</p>
FIGURE 1 in Urban market amplifies strong species selectivity in Amazonian artisanal fisheries
FIGURE 1 | Map of the study area.
Whole genome resequencing reveals signatures of rapid selection in a virus affected commercial fishery
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Data from: The response of correlated traits following cessation of fishery-induced selection
The application of evolutionary principles to the management of fisheries has gained considerable attention recently. Harvesting of fish may apply directional or disruptive selection to key life history traits and evidence for fishery-induced evolution is growing. The traits that are directly selected upon are often correlated (genetically or phenotypically) with a suite of interrelated physiological, behavioral, and morphological characters. A question that has received comparatively little attention is whether or not, after cessation of fishery-induced selection, these correlated traits revert back to previous states. Here, we empirically examine this question. In experiments with the Atlantic silverside, Menidia menidia, we applied size-selective culling for 5 generations and then maintained the lines a further 5 generations under random harvesting. We found that some traits do return to pre-harvesting levels (e.g., larval viability), some partially recover (e.g., egg volume, size at hatch), and others show no sign of change (e.g., food consumption rate, vertebral number). Such correlations among characters could, in theory, greatly accelerate or decelerate the recovery of fish populations. These results may explain why some fish stocks fail to recover after fishing pressure is relaxed.
Data from: The response of correlated traits following cessation of fishery-induced selection
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