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25 results for “fishing effort”
Fish catch and biomass per unit effort from McDermott and Sandy Beach Lakes 2017-2020
Centarchidae spp., a warm-adapted group of fishes including basses and sunfishes, has increased in recent decades in Wisconsin. Concurrently, declines in cool-adapted species, including Walleye (Sander vitreus), have occurred but the cause is not understood. Multiple factors have been associated with these declines, including rising lake temperatures, habitat degradation, harvest, and species interactions. To quantify the role that competition and/or predation between increasing centrarchids and the rest of the fish community plays, we are conducting a whole-lake experiment to remove centrarchids from an experimental lake in northern Wisconsin while measuring the response of all other fish species. In 2018 and 2019, ~200,000 centrarchid individuals were removed, while species-specific catch-per-unit-effort (CPUE) and biomass-per-unit-effort (BPUE) were measured. Yellow Perch have increased in CPUE and BPUE, while centrarchid abundances have declined. We will continue removing centrarchids in 2021 and monitoring these populations. This information will be used to inform an understanding of the conditions necessary to support self-sustaining fish populations given global environmental change.
SBC LTER: Reef: Abundance, size and fishing effort for California Spiny Lobster (Panulirus interruptus), ongoing since 2012
Data on abundance, size and fishing pressure of California spiny lobster (Panulirus interruptus) are collected along the mainland coast of the Santa Barbara Channel. Spiny lobsters are an important predator in giant kelp forests off southern California. Two SBC LTER study reefs are located in or near the California Fish and Game Network of Marine Protected Areas (MPA), Naples and Isla Vista, both established as MPAs on 2012-01-01. MPAs provide a unique opportunity to investigate the effects of fishing on kelp forest community dynamics. Sampling began in 2012 and is ongoing. This dataset contains two tables. 1) Abundance and size data collected annually by divers in late summer before the start of the fishing season at five SBC LTER long term kelp forest study sites: two within MPAs (Naples and Isla Vista) and three outside (Arroyo Quemado, Mohawk and Carpinteria). 2) Fishing pressure, as determined by counting the number of commercial trap floats. Data are collected every two to four weeks during the lobster fishing season (October to March) at nine sites along the mainland, eight of which are also SBC LTER long-term kelp forest study reefs. See Methods for more information.
Fig. 1 in Sampling effort and fish species richness in small terra firme forest streams of central Amazonia, Brazil
Fig. 1. Fish species accumulation curves estimated from samples obtained in 1st, 2nd, and 3rd order streams reaches located in the study areas of Biological Dynamics of Forest Fragments Project, Manaus, Amazonas State. The curves represent extrapolations from five reaches sampled in each stream segment.
Data from: Extending full protection inside existing marine protected areas or reducing fishing effort outside can reconcile conservation and fisheries goals
<p>1. Most fish stocks worldwide are fished at maximum sustainable yield (MSY) or overfished, as many fisheries management strategies have failed to achieve sustainable fishing. Identifying effective fisheries management strategies has now become urgent.</p> <p>2. Here, we developed a spatially-explicit metapopulation model accounting for population connectivity in the north-western Mediterranean Sea, and parameterized it for three ecologically and economically important coastal fish species: the white seabream <i>Diplodus sargus</i>, the two-banded seabream <i>Diplodus vulgaris</i> and the dusky grouper <i>Epinephelus marginatus</i>.</p> <p>3. We used the model to assess how stock biomass and catches respond to changes in fishing mortality rate (<i>F</i>) and in the size of fully protected areas within the existing system of multiple-use marine protected areas (MPAs). For each species, we estimated MSY and the corresponding values of stock biomass (<i>B</i><sub>MSY</sub>) and fishing mortality rate (<i>F</i><sub>MSY</sub>), providing crucial reference points for the assessment of fisheries management.</p> <p>4. <i>D. sargus</i> is currently in low overfishing, while <i>D. vulgaris</i> and <i>E. marginatus</i> are in high overfishing. Stock recovery to <i>B</i><sub>MSY</sub> for the last two species requires a reduction of current <i>F</i> around 50%. This would guarantee an increase in both stock biomass (around 50 and 75% for <i>D. vulgaris</i> and <i>E. marginatus</i>, respectively) and catch (around 15 and 30%) after a transient time of ~15–30 years. Alternatively, doubling the size of fully protected areas over fishable areas within the existing network of MPAs would lead to positive conservation effects for all three species without substantially affecting the overall productivity of the fishery and the total economic value of the catch.</p> <p>5. <i>Synthesis and applications.</i> We provide the first assessment of stock status for three coastal species in the north-western Mediterranean and evaluate the ecological and fisheries outcomes of different management strategies. Extending full protection inside existing multiple-use marine protected areas or reducing fishing effort outside can deliver both conservation and fisheries benefits.</p>
Figure 4 in The Design of Solar-Powered Lighting Aid Tool for Swimming Crab (Portunus pelagicus) Fishing - 'SuryaNet' - as an Effort to Preserve Environmental Sustainability
Figure 4. Underwater Light
Figure 1 in The Design of Solar-Powered Lighting Aid Tool for Swimming Crab (Portunus pelagicus) Fishing - 'SuryaNet' - as an Effort to Preserve Environmental Sustainability
Figure 1. Data Collection from Swimming Crab Fishermen in the Eastern Waters of Surabaya
Figure 5 in The Design of Solar-Powered Lighting Aid Tool for Swimming Crab (Portunus pelagicus) Fishing - 'SuryaNet' - as an Effort to Preserve Environmental Sustainability
Figure 5. Solar Panel
Figure 3 in The Design of Solar-Powered Lighting Aid Tool for Swimming Crab (Portunus pelagicus) Fishing - 'SuryaNet' - as an Effort to Preserve Environmental Sustainability
Figure 3. Charging Dock Design
Figure 2 in The Design of Solar-Powered Lighting Aid Tool for Swimming Crab (Portunus pelagicus) Fishing - 'SuryaNet' - as an Effort to Preserve Environmental Sustainability
Figure 2. Surya Net System Placed on the Gillnet Fishing Vessel
A paradoxical bias in knowledge about Norwegian freshwater fishes: Research efforts during 1980–2020
<p><span>Norwegian freshwater systems are in general species-poor. That is particularly the case for freshwater fishes. Only 32 species are considered native, whereas an additional 12 species are non-native. Some of the non-native species are also considered to be invasive and have negative ecosystem effects. Freshwater fishes are exposed to numerous stressors throughout their life cycle, many of which are of anthropogenic origin. In order to manage and conserve the diversity of fish there is a need for basic knowledge and understanding. Here I make an effort to review the published research on all Norwegian freshwater fish species during the 1980–2020 period, based on a standardized search on the Web of Science. Over 2000 relevant articles were retrieved and evaluated following the search. The research activity has been highly biased, with most research activity directed at a few species of high economic and societal value. Most work was directed at Atlantic salmon <em>Salmo</em> <em>salar</em> and brown trout <em>S</em>. <em>trutta</em>, and in general towards species within the salmonid family. Extremely little attention was directed at species such as the lampreys (four species) and sculpins (three species). Also, many species that have been listed on the Norwegian Red List during various time periods have not been given any particular attention. This lack of attention was also evident for most of the non-native species. The strong bias in research activity and lack of attention given to many species will clearly lead to difficulties in making appropriate management decisions. This is unfortunate, in particular at a time when climate change may lead to numerous ecosystem-level changes.</span></p>
Data from: Extending full protection inside existing marine protected areas or reducing fishing effort outside can reconcile conservation and fisheries goals
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Data from: Refining sampling efforts for fish diversity assessment in subtropical urban estuarine and oceanic waters using environmental DNA with multiple primers
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Data from: Analyzing recreational fishing effort – Gender differences and the impact of Covid-19
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A paradoxical bias in knowledge about Norwegian freshwater fishes: Research efforts during 1980–2020
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Data from: Local forage fish abundance influences foraging effort and offspring condition in an Endangered marine predator
1. Understanding the functional relationship between marine predators and their prey is vital to inform ecosystem-based management. However, collecting concurrent data on predator behaviour and their prey at relevant scales is challenging. Moreover, opportunities to study these relationships in the absence of industrial fishing are extremely rare. 2. We took advantage of an experimental fisheries closure to study how local prey abundance influences foraging success and chick condition of Endangered African penguins Spheniscus demersus in the Benguela Ecosystem. 3. We tracked 75 chick-provisioning penguins with GPS-time-depth devices, measured body condition of 569 chicks, quantified the diet of 83 breeding penguins and conducted 12 forage fish hydro-acoustic surveys within a 20 km radius of Robben Island, South Africa, over three years (2011–2013). Commercial fishing for the penguins' main prey, sardine Sardinops sagax and anchovy Engraulis encrasicolus, was prohibited within this 20 km radius during the study period. 4. Local forage fish abundance explained 60% of the variation in time spent diving for 14 penguins at sea within 2 days of a hydro-acoustic survey. Penguin foraging effort (time spent diving, number of wiggles per trip, number of foraging dives and the maximum distance travelled) increased and offspring body condition decreased as forage fish abundance declined. In addition, quantile regression revealed that variation in foraging effort increased as prey abundance around the colony declined. 5. Policy implications. Our results demonstrate that local forage fish abundance influences seabird foraging and offspring fitness. They also highlight the potential for offspring condition and the mean-variance relationship in foraging behaviour to act as leading indicators of poor prey abundance. By rapidly indicating periods where forage resources are scarce, these metrics could help limit seabird-fisheries competition and aid the implementation of dynamic ocean management.
The timing of spring warming shapes reproductive effort in a warm-water fish: the role of mismatches between hepatic and gonadal processes
Spring-spawning fishes native to northern environments rely on both increasing temperature and lengthening photoperiod to cue reproduction and may thus be particularly sensitive to rapid warming earlier in the year while day lengths remain short. We investigated the reproductive response of pumpkinseed sunfish Lepomis gibbosus to spring warming commencing at a range of day lengths (9 – 15 hours), corresponding to various calendar days (January 10 – May 22). In both the laboratory and field, both male and female fish that experienced early warming while day lengths were <11 hours: 1) failed to initiate reproductive preparation in the liver before gonad development began, and 2) had reduced reproductive allocation. Analysis of published data on temperate fishes suggested that liver development prior to gonad development is widespread across warm-, cool-, and cold-water thermal guilds, though the precise phenology of liver relative to gonad development appears to vary widely among species. Together, our results point toward dampened reproductive preparation as a novel mechanism mediating reduced reproductive output in both warm- and cool-water fish following earlier spring warming.
Reproductive effort and terminal investment in a multi-species assemblage of Amazon electric fish
<p>The terminal investment hypothesis (TIH) predicts that individuals with favorable prospects for future reproduction (i.e., high residual reproductive value, RRV) should moderate current reproductive investment in favor of growth, survival, and future reproduction, whereas those with low RRV should 'terminally invest' by diverting somatic resources towards current reproduction at the expense of future reproduction. However, support for the TIH in wild animal populations is fragmentary, and the ecological contexts of terminal investment remain poorly known. We report a remarkable case of simultaneous terminal investment involving five sympatric species of the electric knifefish genus <i>Brachyhypopomus</i>, from Amazonian floodplain and terra firme stream habitats. We found that terminal investment is synchronized by seasonal breeding, in response to circannual environmental variation in mortality risk. Four species exhibit a uniseasonal iteroparous (annual) life history with complete post-reproductive mortality after a single breeding season. One species (<i>B. beebei</i>) exhibits a two-year multiseasonal iteroparous life history with breeding in two seasons and post-reproductive mortality after the second. In mature females and (most) males of the annual species, as well as in both mature female and male <i>second-year</i> (but not first-year) <i>B. beebei</i>, we documented an increase in two metrics of reproductive effort (size-adjusted gonad mass and electric signal amplitude) and a concomitant reduction in somatic condition (size-adjusted somatic mass) – all in response to proximity to the end of the common breeding season, when RRV approximates zero. In mature <i>first-year</i> <i>B. beebei</i>, we documented neither an increase in reproductive effort nor a decline in somatic condition, implying an alternative strategy of reproductive restraint. Our findings support Kirkwood's disposable soma theory, which posits that death by reproductive exhaustion can be delayed if terminal investment is replaced by reproductive restraint, allowing individuals to survive and breed in a subsequent season. Deferral of the terminal investment response in annual species, and the origin of a gonadal regression-regeneration sequence, may open pathways for rapid evolutionary transitions to multiseasonal iteroparity. Excepting the age (year-group) dependency of terminal investment in <i>B. beebei</i>, we were unable to identify intrinsic cues or extrinsic environmental cues for the terminal investment response in <i>Brachyhypopomus</i>.</p>
Fishing effort data, fishing fleet segmentation, and statistical details used in the expert knowledge elicitation experiment
<p><span>Based on an explorative</span> <span>but rigorous elicitation framework, we obtained the bycatch fishing probability</span> <span>at the fishing fleet segment level using expert estimates. Based on the knowledge of three scientific experts, we developed a new and creative structured method for smart and fast fishery-related risk assessments for </span><span>species of high conservation concern. In order to test the method here propose, we applied it to 76 cartilaginous</span><span> fish</span><span> species </span><span>(</span><span>included in the IUCN Red Lists) and on five different fishing segments at both Italian and Mediterranean scale. The method produced qualitative results specific to the threat posed by fishing for each species and each segment with information between and within the segments. Based on the interpretation of resilience-disturbance interactions developed for ecological systems, the quantitative results provided reliable cumulative metrics, measuring the extinction risk due to fishing and the response to overfishing for the species considered. Additionally, the results highlight that the method performs best on a small geographic scale. Therefore, the application of this new method on other subregional</span> <span>or local scales where very few data are available (e.g. fishing effort) could be a valuable tool for the preliminary assessment for species of conservation concern. In fact, despite the absence of detailed catch data at local geographic scales, the flexibility of this method could help to highlight potential fishery-related conservation problems and thus redirect conservation strategies for threatened marine species such as many sharks and rays species.</span></p>
The timing of spring warming shapes reproductive effort in a warm-water fish: the role of mismatches between hepatic and gonadal processes
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Fishing effort data, fishing fleet segmentation, and statistical details used in the expert knowledge elicitation experiment
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