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Fig. 3 in Free-living Heterotrophic Flagellates Lakes in Turkey (Protista) from Two Hypersaline

Fig. 3. (a) Ancyromonas sigmoides, (b) Caecitellus parvulus, (c) Cafeteria roenbergensis, (d) Cantina marsupialis, (e) Chelonemonas sp., (f) Codosiga botrytis, (g) Carpediemonas membranifera, (h) Neobodo curvifilus, (i) Neobodo designis, (j) Neobodo saliens, (k) unidentified protist, (l)-(m) Pleurostomum flabellatum, (n) Rhyncomonas nasuta, (o) Monosiga brevicollis, (p) Salpingoeca marina, (q) Pendulomonas adriperis, (r) Halocafeteria seosinensis. All micrographs are DIC images. Scale bar in (k) represents for all figures.

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Fig. 2 in Free-living Heterotrophic Flagellates Lakes in Turkey (Protista) from Two Hypersaline

Fig. 2. (a) Ancyromonas sigmoides, (b) Neobodo curvifilus, (c) Chelonemonas sp., (d) Carpediemonas membranifera, (e) Caecitellus parvulus, (f) Codosiga botrytis, (g) Cafeteria roenbergensis, (h) Pleurostomum flabellatum, (i) Rhynchomonas nasuta, (j) Salpingoeca marina, (k) Pendulomonas adriperis, (l) Neobodo saliens, (m) unidentified protist, (n) Neobodo designis, (o) Monosiga brevicollis, (p) Halocafeteria seosinensis, (q) Cantina marsupialis.

Fig. 5 in Small Free-Living Heterotrophic Flagellates from Marine Sediments of Gippsland Basin, South-Eastern Australia

Fig. 5. Dendrogram showing the Bray-Curtis similarity (%) between the communities from 41 habitats; taxonomic information based on species. Species data used for this analysis were from Lee and Patterson (1998), Al-Qassab et al. (2002), Lee et al. (2003, 2005), Lee (2002b, 2006a, b, 2008, 2012), Schroeckh et al. (2003), Aydin and Lee (2012) and the present study. MB – marine benthic habitats, MP – marine planktonic habitats, FB – freshwater benthic habitats, FP – freshwater planktonic habitats. * indicates Australian sites.

Fig. 2. a in Small Free-Living Heterotrophic Flagellates from Marine Sediments of Gippsland Basin, South-Eastern Australia

Fig. 2. a – Chilomastix cuspidata, showing general appearance of cell; b – Goniomonas amphinema, showing general appearance of cell; c – G. pacifica, note two flagella diverging; d – Percolomonas similis, note ventral groove; e – Bodo platyrhynchus; f – Neobodo curvifilus; g – N. saliens; h–i – Hemistasia phaeocysticola, note a papillum (arrow); j – Bordnamonas tropicana, showing general appearance and mouth (arrow); k – Rhynchomonas nasuta; l–o – Rhynchobodo simius; l – tubular ingestion organelle (arrow); m, o – showing groove; n – general appearance of cell; p–q – Rhynchopus amitus; r–s – Spironema multiciliatum; t – Amastigomonas debruynei, general appearance of cell; u – Amastigomonas mutabilis, note anterior flagellum projecting from sleeve and recurrent flagellum; v – Apusomonas sp.; w – Psammosa unguis nov. comb., general appearance of cell; x–y – Mantamonas plastica; x – note anterior flagellum (arrow) and y – ventral depression. All micrographs are DIC images. Scale bar: 5 µm for all figures.

Fig. 1. a in Small Free-Living Heterotrophic Flagellates from Marine Sediments of Gippsland Basin, South-Eastern Australia

Fig. 1. a – Chilomastix cuspidata, b – Rhynchopus amitus, c – Spironema multiciliatum, d – Psammosa unguis nov. comb., e – Apusomonas sp., f – Rhynchobodo formica, g – Mantamonas plastica, h – Roombia truncata, i – Thaumatomastix setifera, j – Ancyromonas impluvium nov. spec., k – Helkesimastix faecicola, l – Kurnaimonas celeris nov. spec., m – Sinistermonas sinistrorsus nov. spec., n – Kiitoksia kaloista, o – Protist '1'. Scale bar: 10 µm for all figures.

Fig. 4. a in Small Free-Living Heterotrophic Flagellates from Marine Sediments of Gippsland Basin, South-Eastern Australia

Fig. 4. a – Carpediemonas membranifera; b – Kipferlia bialata; c – Discocelis saleuta, note a short flagellum; d – Metopion fluens, showing general appearance of cell, note shorter flagellum (arrow); e–f – Kurnaimonas celeris nov. spec., showing general appearance of cell; g – Pseudophyllomitus granulatus; h – Helkesimastix faecicola, showing general appearance and note short flagellum (arrow); i – Metromonas grandis, showing general appearance of cell and note the folded margin on the left side and short flagellum (arrow); j – Metromonas simplex, showing general appearance of cell and note short flagellum (arrow); k – Kiitoksia kaloista, showing two flagella and note short flagellum (arrow); l – Sinistermonas sinistrorsus nov. spec., showing general appearance of cell, and note flagellar insertion and beating pattern of anterior flagellum; m – Telonema subtilis, showing general appearance; n – Protist '1'. All micrographs are DIC images. Scale bar: 5 µm for all figures.

Fig. 3. a–b in Small Free-Living Heterotrophic Flagellates from Marine Sediments of Gippsland Basin, South-Eastern Australia

Fig. 3. a–b – Rhynchobodo formica; c – Massisteria marina, general appearance of cell showing pseudopodia and flagella (arrow); d–f – Cercomonas sp.; d – note two acronematic flagella; e – general appearance; f – note flagellar orientation; g–h – Roombia truncata, note cell attached to the substrate by the tip of the posterior flagellum and note extrusomes; i – Protaspa obliqua, note anterior protrusion; j–k – Thaumatomastix setifera, note spines around the body; j – general appearance of cell; k – ventral face showing a deep groove and pseudopodia; l–m – Ancyromonas sigmoides of different cells; l – note slightly thick anterior flagellum with acronematic tip and broad rostrum; m – note thick anterior flagellum and acute rostrum; n–p – Ancyromonas impluvium nov. spec., showing general appearance of cell and note flagellar insertion. All micrographs are DIC images with the exceptions of (d) and (p) which are phase contrast images. Scale bar: 5 µm for all figures.

Fig. 5 in Small Free-Living Heterotrophic Flagellates from Marine Intertidal Sediments of the Sydney Region, Australia

Fig. 5. (a) Protaspa verrucosa, note ventral groove. (b) Thaumatomastix sp., general appearance of cell and showing a layer of body scales. (c)–(d) Clautriavia cavus, general appearance of different cells, (c) cell from Lee and Patterson (2000). (e) Gweamonas unicus, note coiled flagellum and flagellar insertion. (f)–(h) Eoramonas jungensis sp. nov., showing general appearance of different cells, note flagellar insertion and beating pattern of anterior flagellum. (i)–(j) Glissandra similis, showing general appearance of different cells, note the ventral groove. (k) Phyllomitus undulans, note two flagella adhering each other, from Lee (2002a). (l)–(m) Protist 1, showing general appearance, note flagellar insertion. (n) Protist 2, showing general appearance, note collar and two emergent flagella. All micrographs are DIC images. Scale bar in (h) = 5 μm for (e)–(h) and in (n) = 10 μm for other figures.

Fig. 4 in Small Free-Living Heterotrophic Flagellates from Marine Intertidal Sediments of the Sydney Region, Australia

Fig. 4. (a)–(b) Rhynchobodo longiciliatus, (a) general appearance of cell, (b) flagellar insertion into pocket. (c)–(d) Cercomonas sp.1, general appearance, note slender anterior part and hyaline cell body. (e)–(f) Cercomonas parva, (e) genera appearance showing a posterior flagellum attached to the body, (f) flexible body. (g)–(h) Cercomonas sp.2, general appearance, note both short flagella and cytoplasms drawn from the posterior part. (i) Cyranomonas australis, showing general appearance of different cells, note flagellar insertion. (j)–(k) Protaspa flexibilis sp. nov., general appearance of different cells, (j) nuclear caps around nucleus. All micrographs are DIC images. Scale bar in (k) = 10 μm for all figures with the exception of (b). Scale bar in (b) = 5 μm.

Fig. 3 in Small Free-Living Heterotrophic Flagellates from Marine Intertidal Sediments of the Sydney Region, Australia

Fig. 3. Apusomonadida, Cercomonadida, Protaspidae, Thaumatomonadidae and Protista incertae sedis. (a) Apusomonas proboscidea, (b) Cercomonas parva, (c) Cercomonas sp.1, (d) Cercomonas sp.2, (e) Protaspa flexibilis sp. nov., (f) Thaumatomastix sp., (g) Eoramonas jungensis sp. nov., (h) Gweamonas unicus, (i) Phyllomitus undulans (from Lee 2002a), (j) Protist 1, (k) Protist 2. Scale bar = 10 μm for all figures.

Fig. 2 in Small Free-Living Heterotrophic Flagellates from Marine Intertidal Sediments of the Sydney Region, Australia

Fig. 2. (a)–(b) Mastigamoeba psammobia, (a) general appearance of cell, note cytoplasms drawn from the posterior end, (b) general appearance of different cell and note pseudopodia. (c) Hexamita inflata, general appearance, note the nucleus. (d) Trepomonas agilis, general appearance of cell. (e) Chilomastix cuspidata, showing general appearance. (f) Stephanopogon sp., showing general appearance. (g) Saepicula pulchra, showing general appearance of cell. (h)–(j) Goniomonas amphinema. (h) Form I, (i) Form II, (j) Form III, note flagellar ar- rangement. (k) Roombia truncata, note attached cell to the substrate by the tip of the posterior flagellum, note extrusomes, surface striations and deep gullet. (l) Telonema subtilis, showing general appearance. (m) Harpagon descissus, general appearance of cell. (n)–(o) Spironema multiciliatum, (n) general appearance of cell, (o) note the kinetics. (p) Psammosa unguis, general appearance of cell. (q) Bicosoeca conica, general appearance of cell. (r) Apusomonas proboscidea, genera appearance of cell, note the V-shaped structure on dorsal face. All micrographs are DIC images except for (b), which is phase contrast images. Scale bar in (r) = 10 μm for all figures.

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Fig. 3 in First records of nine free-living heterotrophic flagellates from South Korea

Fig. 3. (a)-(f) Paracercomonas astra, showing general appearance, contractile vacuole (CV) and cytoplasmic strand (arrowheads). (a) cell 1, (b) cell 2, (c)-(f) cell 3. (g)-(i) Paracercomonas minima, (g) cell 1 showing CV, (h) cell 2, (i) cysts. (j)-(o) Paracercomonas producta, showing general appearance, contractile vacuole and cytoplasmic strand (arrowheads). (j) three different cells, (k) cell 1, (l) cell 2, (m) cell 3, (n), (o) cell 4. AF: anterior flagellum, PF: posterior flagellum. All micrographs are DIC images. Scale bar = 5 μm for all figures.

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Fig. 2 in First records of nine free-living heterotrophic flagellates from South Korea

Fig. 2. (a)-(d) Cercomonas hiberna. (a) cell 1 showing contractile vacuole, (b), (c) cell 2 showing general appearance and contractile vacuole, (d) several cells showing cytoplasmic strand (St) and pseudopodia (arrowheads). (e)-(i) Cercomonas pellucida, showing general appearance, contractile vacuole (CV), cytoplasmic strand and nucleus (N) closely connected to the basal body. (e) cell 1, (f) cell 2, (g) cell 3, (h) cell 4, (i) cell 5 & 6. (j)-(o) Eocercomonas echina, showing general appearance, contractile vacuole and cytoplasmic strand. (j) cell 1, (k) cell 2, (l), (m) cell 3, (n) cell 4, (o) cell 5. AF: anterior flagellum, PF: posterior flagellum. All micrographs are DIC images with the excep- tions of (h), (i) which are phase contrast images. Scale bar in (d) = 10 μm for (d), and in (o) = 5 μm for other figures.

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Fig. 1 in First records of nine free-living heterotrophic flagellates from South Korea

Fig. 1. (a)-(f) Notosolenus hemicircularis. (a), (b) cell 1 showing general appearance, (a) note the hyaline semicircular collar (arrowhead), (b) dorsal view showing dorsal ridges, (c)-(e) cell 2 showing a short anterior neck (arrowheads) and dorsal ridges (d), (f) dividing cell. (g)- (l) Thecamonas trahens, showing general appearance, nucleus (N), sleeve (arrowheads) and cytoplasmic strand (St), and note the anterior flagellum (AF). (g) cell 1, (h) cell 2, (i)-(l) cell 3. (m)-(r) Bodomorpha minima, showing general appearance and a rostrum (arrowheads). (m) cell 1, (n) cell 2, (o) cell 3, (p)-(r) cell 4. AF: anterior flagellum, PF: posterior flagellum, FR: flagellar reservoir. All micrographs are DIC images. Scale bar = 5 μm for all figures.

Fig. 2. a in Free-living Heterotrophic Flagellates from Intertidal Sediments of Saros Bay, Aegean Sea (Turkey)

Fig. 2. a – Actinomonas mirabilis/Pteridomonas danica; b – Amastigomonas mutabilis; c – Ancyromonas micra; d – Bicosoeca conica; e – Caecitellus parvulus, note the mouth on the left-hand side; f – Bordnamonas tropicana; g – Cafeteria roenbergensis; h – Cyranomonas australis; i – Developayella elegans; j – Discocelis saleuta; k – Goniomonas amphinema; l – Cafeteria minuta, feeding cell; m – Anisonema acinus, dorsal view, note the ingestion organelle; n – Dinema platysomum, ventral view showing surface striations; o – Goniomonas pacifica; p – Heteronema exaratum, ventral view, general appearance of cell; q – Kathablepharis remigera; r – Massisteria marina; s – Neobodo saliens; t – Neobodo designis; u–v – Heteronema ovale, same cell; u – general appearance; v – extended cell. All micrographs are DIC images. Scale bar: 5 μm for all figures.

Fig. 3. a in Free-living Heterotrophic Flagellates from Intertidal Sediments of Saros Bay, Aegean Sea (Turkey)

Fig. 3. a – Petalomonas marginalis; b – Petalomonas minuta; c – Petalomonas ornata; d – Petalomonas poosilla; e–f – Ploeotia corrugata; e – general appearance of the cell from ventral and (f) dorsal view showing the ridges; g – Sphenomonas angusta; h – Ploeotia vitrea; i – Polyoeca dichotoma; j – Protaspis obliqua; k – Protaspis tegere; l – Salpingoeca marina; m – Pseudophyllomitus granulatus; n–p – 'Aegoni', n – postero-lateral view of the cell showing the beak – like structure; o – posterior view of the cell showing the flagellar insertions; p – general view of the cell. Scale bar: 5 μm for all figures.

Fig. 1. a in Free-living Heterotrophic Flagellates from Intertidal Sediments of Saros Bay, Aegean Sea (Turkey)

Fig. 1. a – Actinomonas mirabilis/Pteridomonas danica; b – Amastigomonas mutabilis; c – Ancyromonas micra; d – Bicosoeca conica; e – Bordnamonas tropicana; f – Caecitellus parvulus; g – Cafeteria minuta; h – Cafeteria roenbergensis; i – Cyranomonas australis; j – Developayella elegans; k – Discocelis saleuta; l – Goniomonas amphinema; m – Goniomonas pasifica; n – Kiitoksia ystava; o – Dinema platysomum; p – Anisonema acinus; q – Heteronema exaratum; r – Heteronema ovale; s – Kathablepharis remigera; t – Notosolenus canellatus; u – Massisteria marina; v – Metromonas grandis; w – Neobodo designis; x – Neobodo saliens; y – Percolomonas similis. Scale bar: 10 μm for all figures.

Fig. 1. Zoelucasa sablensis. a in Zoelucasa sablensis n. gen. et n. sp. (Cercozoa, Incertae Sedis), a New Scale-covered Flagellate from Marine Sandy Shores

Fig. 1. Zoelucasa sablensis. a – diagrammatic representation of cellular components, where: af – anterior flagellum, tf – trailing flagellum, S – scales, N – nucleus, n – nucleolus; b – external arrangement of scales; c, d – SEM images of whole, dried cells showing covering of scales and flagella; e – DIC image of cell showing optical section of the scale layer (arrows); f – nucleus (N); g, h – nucleus (large arrow) and parallel flagellar insertion in anterior pocket (small arrows) of cells that have retracted to a posterior position within their loricae; i – trailing flagellum in a "swimming" cell; j – anterior pocket (larger arrow) and parallel emergence of two flagella (small arrows); k – diagrammatic representation of the zig-zag pattern of cell "swimming" movement; l, m – compressed cells showing the flagella (arrows) and disassociated scales around the cells (note the fractures of some scales in m); n–r – TEM images of scales.

Fig. 1 in Heterotrophic Flagellates from Freshwater and Soil Habitats in Subtropical China (Wuhan Area, Hubei Province)

Fig. 1. Location of studied sites. 1 – Yangtze River, 2 – Moshan hill, 3 – Donghu Lake, 4 – Luojiashan hill.

Fig. 4. 1, 2 in Heterotrophic Flagellates from Freshwater and Soil Habitats in Subtropical China (Wuhan Area, Hubei Province)

Fig. 4. 1, 2 – Petalomonas minuta (small cell with single anterior flagellum and longitudinal groove); 3, 4 – P. pusilla (small cell with single anterior flagellum and truncate anterior end); 5–7 – Phalansterium sp. (colonies of unikont spherical cell surrounded by mucilage); 8–12 – Phyllomitus apiculatus (cells with visible flagellar pocket, two heterodynamic flagella, anterior flagellum curves back over the rostrum (8), big food vacuoles), (12) whole mount (TEM); 13, 14 – Protaspa simplex (gliding spherical cells, cell body wags in unison with the flagellar beat); 15, 16 – Pteridomonas pulex (single apical flagellum emerging from a slight depression at the top of the cell, flagellum is surrounded by 12 stiffarms, body attaches to substrate by thin stalk); 17–19 – Rhynchomonas nasuta (oval cell bears undulating proboscis and long posterior flagellum), (19) whole mount (TEM); 20, 21 – Salpingoeca amphoridium (cell with narrow neck inside amphora-like lorica); 22 – S. gracilis (cylindrical cell inside cyathiform lorica); 23–25 – S. minor (spherical cell with narrow neck inside round lorica); 26–29 – Spongomonas uvella, (spherical cells with two isokont long acronematic flagella form colonies surrounded minute granules) (29) whole mount (TEM). Scale bars: 4 µm (3, 4), 5 µm (18, 23–25, 28, 29), 6 µm (1, 2), 8 µm (5, 7, 17, 19), 10 µm (6, 8–10, 12–14, 20, 27), 15 µm (11, 15, 21, 22, 26), 25 µm (16).