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18 results for “flow behavior”
BRAIN Journal-Two new software behavioral design patterns: Obligation Link and History Reminder-Figure 4. The Flow chart of the "History Reminder" design pattern
<p>The “History Reminder” design pattern has two main classes: HistoryReminder and HistoryReminderOriginator. The flow chart of the “History Reminder” design pattern is given in Figure 4.</p>
Data from: Predator-driven behavioral shifts in a common lizard shape resource-flow from marine to terrestrial ecosystems
<p>We conducted a field experiment to assess foraging niche dynamics of semiarboreal brown anole lizards in the presence/absence of predatory ground-dwelling curly tailed lizards in a replicated set of island ecosystems. Data used in this study includes ecological infomration for the replicated islands of study (i.e. relative arthropod and seaweedabundances) together with phenotypic data of the lizards studied (body mass, size, body condition, as well as behavioral traits describing risk-taking behavior) as well as habitat use data and marine component of diet as a surrogate of the diet of these lizards. One year after experimental translocation, brown anoles exposed to these predators increased perch height and reduced consumption of marine-derived food resources. We also use this dataset to investigate if this foraging niche shift altered marine-to-terrestrial resource-flow dynamics and persisted in the diets of the first-generation offspring. Finally, we also assessed if lizards that displayed more risk-taking behaviors consumed more marine prey on islands with predators present.</p>
Gait behavioral and neuromuscular characterization in response to increasing working memory load while walking under optic flow perturbations in young adults
<p>The precise role of cognitive control on optic flow processing during locomotion has rarely been investigated. Therefore, this study aimed to determine whether coping with unreliable visual inputs during walking requires attentional resources. Twenty-four healthy young adults walked on an instrumented treadmill in a virtual environment under two optic flow conditions: normal (NOF) and perturbed (POF, continuous mediolateral pseudo-random oscillations). Each condition was performed under single-task and dual-task conditions of increasing difficulty (1-, 2-, 3-back). In all conditions, subjective mental workload was estimated (raw NASA-TLX). For kinematic variables, mean, standard deviation, statistical persistence and step-to-step error correction were computed from gait time series in mediolateral and anteroposterior directions. For EMG variables of soleus and gluteus medius, the full width at half maximum and the variance ratio were calculated. Performance on N-back tasks was assessed using mean reaction time and d-prime. Cognitive performance was not affected by simultaneous walking in any optic flow condition. Gait variability was altered under POF compared to NOF, so that young adults sought to counteract those perturbations by adopting an effortful gait control strategy, independently of concurrent working memory (WM) load. Increasing WM load led changes first at the neuromuscular level, then at the behavioral level, with a prioritization of gait control in the mediolateral direction. Interestingly, dual-tasking lowered the effects of POF but in the anteroposterior direction only. These findings and their theoretical implications provide valuable insight into the complex interaction effects of cognitive and visual constraints on gait control during treadmill walking.</p>
Data from: Water flow impacts group behavior in zebrafish (Danio rerio)
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Data from: Predator-driven behavioral shifts in a common lizard shape resource-flow from marine to terrestrial ecosystems
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Experiments on granular flow behavior and deposit characteristics: implications for rock avalanche kinematics
<p>Seven excel files which includes the data supporting Figure 5, Figure 6, Figure 7, Figure 8, Figure 10, Figure 12 and Figure 14 is uploaded saparately.</p> <p>Data Set S1. Data supporting the relationship between flow height and time in Figure 5.</p> <p>Data Set S2. Data supporting normalized velocity profiles and normalized shear rate profiles in Figures 6(a)-6(d).</p> <p>Data Set S3(a). Data supporting the relationships between mean grain size and global shear rate in Figure 7(a).</p> <p>Data Set S3(b). Data supporting the relationships between mean grain size and Savage number in Figure 7(a).</p> <p>Data Set S4(a). Data supporting the relationships between depth averaged velocity and time in Figure 8(a).</p> <p>Data Set S4(b). Data supporting the relationships between depth averaged velocity and time in Figure 8(b).</p> <p>Data Set S4(c). Data supporting the relationships between mean grain size and equivalent friction coefficient in Figure 8(c).</p> <p>Data Set S5(a). Data supporting Figures 10(a) and 10(b).</p> <p>Data Set S5(b). Data supporting the relationships between relative flow height and λ in Figure 10(c).</p> <p>Data Set S5(c). Data supporting the relationships between relative flow height and λ in Figure 10(d).</p> <p>Data Set S6(a). Data supporting the velocity profiles in Figure 12(a).</p> <p>Data Set S6(b). Data supporting the relationships between global shear rate and equivalent friction coefficient in Figure 12(b).</p> <p>Data Set S7. Data supporting the relationships between normalized flow height and Savage number in Figure 14.</p>
A Hydrodynamic-Based Physical Unified Modeling for Simulating Shallow Landslide Local Failures, Mass Release and Debris Flow Run-out Extent Behavior
<p>Simulation results for manuscript "A Hydrodynamic-Based Physical Unified Modelling Framework for Simulating Shallow Landslide Local Failures, Mass Release and Debris Flow Run-out Extent Behaviour", submitted to Water Resources Research.</p>
A Hydrodynamic-Based Physical Unified Modeling for Simulating Shallow Landslide Local Failures, Mass Release and Debris Flow Run-out Extent Behavior
<p>Simulation results for manuscript "A Hydrodynamic-Based Physical Unified Modelling Framework for Simulating Shallow Landslide Local Failures, Mass Release and Debris Flow Run-out Extent Behaviour", submitted to Water Resources Research.</p>
High-pressure homogenized citrus fiber cellulose dispersions: structural characterization and flow behavior
<p>High-pressure homogenized citrus fiber cellulose dispersions: structural characterization and flow behavior</p>
Visual pursuit behavior in mice maintains the pursued prey on the retinal region with least optic flow
<p>Mice have a large visual field that is constantly stabilized by vestibular ocular reflex (VOR) driven eye rotations that counter head-rotations. While maintaining their extensive visual coverage is advantageous for predator detection, mice also track and capture prey using vision. However, in the freely moving animal quantifying object location in the field of view is challenging. Here, we developed a method to digitally reconstruct and quantify the visual scene of freely moving mice performing a visually based prey capture task. By isolating the visual sense and combining a mouse eye optic model with the head and eye rotations, the detailed reconstruction of the digital environment and retinal features were projected onto the corneal surface for comparison, and updated throughout the behavior. By quantifying the spatial location of objects in the visual scene and their motion throughout the behavior, we show that the prey image consistently falls within a small area of the VOR-stabilized visual field. This functional focus coincides with the region of minimal optic flow in the visual field and consequently minimal motion-induced image blur during pursuit. The functional focus lies in the upper-temporal part of the retina and coincides with the reported high density-region of Alpha-ON<sub> </sub>sustained retinal ganglion cells.</p>
Visual pursuit behavior in mice maintains the pursued prey on the retinal region with least optic flow
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Data from: Linking the foraging behavior of three bee species to pollen dispersal and gene flow
Foraging behaviors that impact gene flow can guide the design of pollinator strategies to mitigate gene flow. Reduced gene flow is expected to minimize the impact of genetically engineered (GE) crops on feral and natural populations and to facilitate the coexistence of different agricultural markets. The goal of this study is to link foraging behavior to gene flow and identify behaviors that can help predict gene flow for different bee species. To reach this goal, we first examined and compared the foraging behaviors of three distinct bee species, the European honey bee, Apis mellifera L., the common eastern bumble bee, Bombus impatiens Cr., and the alfalfa leafcutting bee, Megachile rotundata F., foraging on Medicago sativa flowers. Each foraging behavior investigated differed among bee species. Both social bees exhibited directionality of movement and had similar residence, in contrast to the random movement and shorter residence of the solitary bee. Tripping rate and net distance traveled differed among the three bee species. We ranked each behavior among bee species and used the relative ranking as gene flow predictor before testing the predictions against empirical gene flow data. Tripping rate and net distance traveled, but not residence, predicted relative gene dispersal among bee species. Linking specific behaviors to gene flow provides mechanisms to explain differences in gene flow among bee species and guides the development of management practices to reduce gene flow. Although developed in one system, the approach developed here can be generalized to different plant/pollinator systems.
The role of common ancestry and gene flow in the evolution of human-directed play behavior in dogs
<p><span>Among-population variance of phenotypic traits is of high relevance for understanding evolutionary mechanisms that operate in relatively short timescales, but various sources of non-independence, such as common ancestry and gene flow can hamper the interpretations. In this comparative analysis of 138 dog breeds, we demonstrate how such confounders can independently shape the evolution of a behavioral trait (human-directed play behavior from the Dog Mentality Assessment project). We combined information on genetic relatedness and haplotype sharing to reflect common ancestry and gene flow, respectively, and entered these into a phylogenetic mixed model to partition the among-breed variance of human-directed play behavior while also accounting for within-breed variance. We found that 75% of the among-breed variance was explained by overall genetic relatedness among breeds, while 15% could be attributed to haplotype sharing that arises from gene flow. Therefore, most of the differences in human-directed play behavior among breeds have likely been caused by constraints of common ancestry as a likely consequence of past selection regimes. On the other hand, gene flow caused by crosses among breeds has played a minor, but not negligible role. Our study serves as an example of an analytical approach that can be applied to comparative situations where the effects of shared origin and gene flow require quantification and appropriate statistical control in a within-species/among-population framework. Altogether, our results suggest that the evolutionary history of dog breeds have left remarkable signatures on the among-breed variation of a behavioral phenotype.</span></p>
The role of common ancestry and gene flow in the evolution of human-directed play behavior in dogs
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Data from: Linking the foraging behavior of three bee species to pollen dispersal and gene flow
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Clinical Study of How Information Flows Across the Human Cortical Sheet Layers (Laminae), Aiming to Discover Key Principles of Laminar Circuits and Information Flow for Complex Behavior.
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT07073391. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 0. Publications: 0.
Combined space stressors induce independent behavioral deficits predicted by early peripheral blood monocytes (flow cytometry)
Interplanetary space travel poses many hazards to the human body. To protect astronaut health and performance on critical missions, there is first a need to understand the effects of deep space hazards, including ionizing radiation, confinement, and altered gravity. Previous studies of rodents exposed to a single such stressor document significant deficits, but our study is the first to investigate possible cumulative and synergistic impacts of simultaneous ionizing radiation, confinement, and altered gravity on behavior and cognition. Our cohort was divided between 6‐month‐old female and male mice in group, social isolation, or hindlimb unloading housing, exposed to 0 or 50 cGy of 5 ion simplified simulated galactic cosmic radiation (GCRsim). We report interactions and independent effects of GCRsim exposure and housing conditions on behavioral and cognitive performance. Exposure to GCRsim drove changes in immune cell populations in peripheral blood collected early after irradiation, while housing conditions drove changes in blood collected at a later point. Female mice were largely resilient to deficits observed in male mice. Finally, we used principal component analysis to represent total deficits as principal component scores, which were predicted by general linear models using GCR exposure, housing condition, and early blood biomarkers. This dataset derives results from the flow cytometry assay using blood samples from same source animals used for behavioral studies in OSD-618.
4D flow evaluation of blood non-Newtonian behavior in left ventricle flow analysis
<p>Dataset from Riva A, Sturla F, Caimi A, Pica S, Giese D, Milani P, Palladini G, Lombardi M, Redaelli A, Votta E. 4D flow evaluation of blood non-Newtonian behavior in left ventricle flow analysis. J Biomech. 2021 Apr 15;119:110308. doi: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2021.110308. Epub 2021 Feb 8. PMID: 33631666.</p> <p>Abstract</p> <p>Blood is generally modeled as a Newtonian fluid, assuming a standard and constant viscosity; however, this assumption may not hold for the highly pulsatile and recirculating intracavitary flow in the left ventricle (LV), hampering the quantification of fluid dynamic indices of potential clinical relevance. Herein, we investigated the effect of three viscosity models on the patient-specific quantification of LV blood energetics, namely on viscous energy loss (EL), from 4D Flow magnetic resonance imaging: I) Newtonian with standard viscosity (3.7 cP), II) Newtonian with subject-specific hematocrit-dependent viscosity, III) non-Newtonian accounting for the effect of hematocrit and shear rate. Analyses were performed on 5 controls and 5 patients with cardiac light-chain amyloidosis. In Model II, viscosity ranged between 3.0 (-19%) and 4.3 cP (+16%), mildly deviating from the standard value. In the non-Newtonian model, this effect was emphasized: viscosity ranged from 3.2 to 6.0 cP, deviating maximally from the standard value in low shear rate (i.e., <100 s<sup>-1</sup>) regions. This effect reflected on EL quantifications: in particular, as compared to Model I, Model III yielded markedly higher EL values (up to +40%) or markedly lower (down to -21%) for subjects with hematocrit higher than 39.5% and lower than 30%, respectively. Accounting for non-Newtonian blood behavior on a patient-specific basis may enhance the accuracy of intracardiac energetics assessment by 4D Flow, which may be explored as non-invasive index to discriminate between healthy and pathologic LV.</p>
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.