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42 results for “food stress”
Complete datasets and code for "Hungry or angry? Experimental evidence for the effects of food availability on two measures of stress in developing wild raptor nestlings"
<p><strong>Abstract</strong></p> <p>Food shortage challenges the development of nestlings; yet, to cope with this stressor, nestlings can induce stress responses to adjust metabolism or behaviour. Food shortage also enhances the antagonism between siblings, but it remains unclear whether the stress response induced by food shortage operates via the individual nutritional state or via the social environment experienced. In addition, the understanding of these processes is hindered by the fact that effects of food availability often co-vary with other environmental factors. We used a food supplementation experiment to test the effect of food availability on two complementary stress measures, feather corticosterone (CORTf) and Heterophil/Lymphocyte-ratio (H/L) in developing red kite (Milvus milvus) nestlings, a species with competitive brood hierarchy. By statistically controlling for the effect of food supplementation on the nestlings’ body condition, we disentangled the effects of food and ambient temperature on nestlings during development. Experimental food supplementation increased body condition, and both CORTf and H/L were reduced in nestlings of high body condition. Additionally, CORTf decreased with age in non-supplemented nestlings. H/L decreased with age in all nestlings and was lower in supplemented last-hatched nestlings compared to non-supplemented ones. Ambient temperature showed a negative effect on H/L. Our results indicate that food shortage increases the nestlings’ stress levels through both, a reduced food intake affecting nutritional state and the nestlings’ social environment. Thus, food availability in conjunction with ambient temperature shape between- and within nest differences in stress load, which may have carry-over effects on behaviour and performance in further life-history stages.</p>
Data supporting: Combined stress of an insecticide and heatwaves or elevated temperature induce community and food web effects in a Mediterranean freshwater ecosystem
<p>Data used to obtain the results of the research paper entitled: "Combined stress of an insecticide and heatwaves or elevated temperature induce community and food web effects in a Mediterranean freshwater ecosystem", published in the journal "Water Research". The data derives from an outdoor (meso-) cosm experiment in Spain (Imdea Water, Alcala de Henares) in which the transportable temperature and heatwave control device (TENTACLE) was used to investigate the multiple stressors effects of two different climate change scenarios related to temperature (i.e., elevated temperature and reoccurring heatwaves) in combination with the neonicotinoid insecticide imidacloprid.</p>
Food deprivation exposes sex-specific trade-offs between stress tolerance and lifespan in the copepod Tigriopus californicus
<p>Long life is standardly assumed to be associated with high stress tolerance. Previous work shows that the copepod <em>Tigriopus californicus</em> breaks this rule, with longer lifespan under benign conditions found in males, the sex with lower stress tolerance. Here we extended this previous work, raising animals from the same families in food-replete conditions until adulthood and then transferring them to food-limited conditions until all animals perished. As in previous work, survivorship under food-replete conditions favored males. However, under food deprivation lifespan strongly favored females in all crosses. Compared to benign conditions, average lifespan under nutritional stress was reduced by 47% in males but only 32% in females. Further, the sex-specific mitonuclear effects previously found under benign conditions were erased under food limited conditions. Results thus demonstrate that sex-specific lifespan, including mitonuclear interactions, are highly dependent on nutritional environment.</p>
Figure 3 in Response and tolerance mechanism of food crops under high temperature stress: a review
Figure 3. Process of development of heat-resistant cultivars. Identify heat-resistant genes from natural genetic resources through genome wide association mapping and then study the study how these genes are operated. Select those genes which are associated with various signaling pathways and then transform them into current germplasm.
Figure 1 in Response and tolerance mechanism of food crops under high temperature stress: a review
Figure 1. Schematic representation of most sensitive phase of various crops during high temperature stress.
Reservoir hosts experiencing food stress alter transmission dynamics for a zoonotic pathogen
<p>Anthropogenic environmental change can significantly alter availability and quality of food resources for reservoir hosts and impact host-pathogen interactions in the wild. The state of the host's nutritional reserves as time of infection is a key factor influencing infection outcomes by altering host resistance. Here we combine experimental and model-based approaches to better understand how an environmental stressor affects host resistance to West Nile virus (WNV). Using American robins (Turdus migratorius), a species considered a superspreader of WNV, we tested the effect of acute food deprivation immediately prior to infection on host viremia. Our results show that robins food deprived of food for 48 hours prior to infection, developed higher virus titers and were infectious longer than robins fed normally. To gain understanding about the epidemiological significance of food stressed hosts, we developed an agent-based model that simulates transmission dynamics of WNV between the avian reservoir host and the mosquito vector. When we simulated a nutritionally stressed host population, the mosquito infection rate rose significantly reaching levels that represent an epidemiological risk. An understanding of the infection disease dynamics in wild populations is critical to predict and predict and mitigate zoonotic disease outbreaks.</p>
Data and code for "Sick and Tired: Sickness Behaviour, Polyparasitism and Food Stress in a Gregarious Mammal"
<p>Data and R code for used for "Sick and Tired: Sickness Behaviour, Polyparasitism and Food Stress in a Gregarious Mammal"</p>
Early-life food stress hits females harder than males in insects: a meta-analysis of sex differences in environmental sensitivity
<p><span>Fitness consequences of early-life environmental conditions are often sex-specific, but corresponding evidence for invertebrates remains inconclusive. Here we use meta-analysis to evaluate sex-specific sensitivity to early-life nutritional conditions in insects. Using literature-derived data for 85 species with broad phylogenetic and ecological coverage, we show that </span><span>females are generally more sensitive to food stress than males. Stressful nutritional conditions during development typically lead to female-biased mortality and thus increasingly male-biased sex ratios of emerging adults. We further demonstrate that the general trend of higher sensitivity to food stress in females can primarily be attributed to their typically larger body size in insects and hence higher energy needs during development. By contrast, there is no consistent evidence of sex-biased sensitivity in sexually size-monomorphic species. Drawing conclusions regarding sex-biased sensitivity in species with male-biased size dimorphism remains to wait for the accumulation of relevant data. Our results suggest that environmental conditions leading to elevated juvenile mortality may potentially affect the performance of insect populations further by reducing the proportion of females among individuals reaching reproductive age. Accounting for sex-biased mortality is therefore essential to understanding the dynamics and demography of insect populations, not least importantly in the context of ongoing insect declines.</span></p>
Young male blackcaps with blood parasite coinfections cope with oxidative stress favouring anthocyanin-rich food during migratory fattening
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Early-life food stress hits females harder than males in insects: a meta-analysis of sex differences in environmental sensitivity
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Food deprivation exposes sex-specific trade-offs between stress tolerance and lifespan in the copepod Tigriopus californicus
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Reservoir hosts experiencing food stress alter transmission dynamics for a zoonotic pathogen
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Advance social information allows red crossbills (Loxia curvirostra) to better conserve body mass and intestinal mass during food stress
<p>Animals prepare for fluctuations in resources through advance storage of energy, planned reduction in energy costs or by moving elsewhere. Unpredictable fluctuations in food, however, may be particularly challenging if animals cannot avoid negative impacts on body condition. Social information may help animals to cope with unpredictable resources if cues from individuals with low foraging success give advance warning about deteriorating conditions. This study investigates the impact of social information on behavior and physiology of food-restricted captive red crossbills (<em>Loxia curvirostra</em>). Birds were restricted to two short feeding periods per day to simulate a decline in resources and were given social information from food-restricted neighbors either before (i.e., predictive) or during (i.e., parallel) the food restriction period. Focal birds better conserved body mass during food restriction if social information was predictive of the decline in resources. Crossbills with predictive information ate more food, had larger intestinal mass and better conserved pectoral muscle size at the end of the restriction period compared to those with parallel social information. These data suggest that birds can use social information to alter behavioral and physiological responses during food shortage in ways that may confer an adaptive advantage for survival.</p>
Obesity and acute stress modulate appetite and neural responses in food word reactivity task
<p>Data used in "Carnell S, Benson L, Papantoni A, Chen L, Huo Y, Wang Z, Peterson BS, Geliebter A. Obesity and acute stress modulate appetite and neural responses in food word reactivity task. PloS one"</p>
Figure 2 in Response and tolerance mechanism of food crops under high temperature stress: a review
Figure 2. Schematic representation of tolerance mechanism of plants during heat stress.
Effect of Drought Stress on the Genetic Architecture of Photosynthate Allocation and Remobilization in Pods of Common Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), a Key Species for Food Security
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Advance social information allows red crossbills (Loxia curvirostra) to better conserve body mass and intestinal mass during food stress
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Data from: Food restriction and chronic stress alter energy use and affect immunity in an infrequent feeder
Glucocorticoids are important mediators of energy utilization for key physiological processes, including immune function. Much work has focused on the effects of energy limitation and stress for key physiological processes such as reproduction and immunity. However, it is unclear how stress alters energy use across different energy states, and the physiological ramifications of such effects are even less clear. In this study, we altered energy and stress states of an infrequent feeder, the Terrestrial Gartersnake (Thamnophis elegans), using fasting and repeated restraint stress (Chronic Stressors) to test how these challenges interacted to affect immune function, energy metabolites, and glucocorticoid reactivity (a traditional indicator of stress state) to restraint stress, a standardized, acute stressor. After this acute stressor, the snakes which had received chronic stress had increased glucocorticoid reactivity, and both treatments altered energy metabolite use and storage. Evidence of interaction of food restriction and chronic stress treatments on innate immune function and energy metabolites (triglycerides and glycerol) suggests that stress alters energy use in a manner dependent on the energy state of the animal. Snakes have a remarkable ability to maintain functionality of key physiological processes under stressful conditions but are still susceptible to multiple simultaneous stressors, a situation increasingly prevalent in our ever-changing environment.
Carry-over effects of larval food stress on adult energetics and life history in a nectar-feeding butterfly
<p>Stressful juvenile developmental conditions can affect performance and fitness later in life. In holometabolous insects such as butterflies, development under stressful conditions may lead to smaller adult size, lower reproductive output and shorter lifespan. However, how larval developmental stress affects energy intake and expenditure in adult individuals is poorly understood.</p> <p>We subjected last-instar larvae of <i>Speyeria mormonia</i> Edwards (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) to periodic dietary restriction (DR) to examine the allocation of energy and nutrients among different life-history processes. We measured adult food intake, resting metabolic rate (RMR), metabolic flight capacity, lifespan, and reproductive output. Consistent with pressure to disperse from a poor environment while maintaining offspring number, we predicted that stressed individuals would have increased adult food intake and higher flight capacity.</p> <p>Adult body size was strongly reduced. Contrary to predictions, we found no compensatory adult feeding. Mass-adjusted flight metabolic rate was reduced, suggesting poor dispersal capacity. Larval DR did not affect adult lifespan, nor did the rate of metabolic senescence change. Larval DR did affect RMR, as stressed females had a steeper slope between RMR and body mass, which may reflect differences in physiological activity due to condition.</p> <p>Fecundity decreased less than predicted based on body mass. Instead of investing in flight capacity, females increased relative allocation to reproduction, which may partly buffer against poor environmental conditions.</p> <p>Understanding the interplay of energy acquisition and allocation to life history traits across the life cycle is vital for predicting responses to environmental change.</p>
Data for "Food demand displaced by global refugee migration1 has unequal effects on country-level water stress"
<p>Dataset associated with the paper "Food demand displaced by global refugee migration1<br> has unequal effects on country-level water stress" to appear in Nature Communications in 2023.</p>
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.