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28 results for “food-web”
Alligator pond food-web sampling in Shark River Slough and Taylor Slough, Everglades National Park, Florida, USA, 2018–2019
These datasets were used to investigate if American Alligators engineer differences in nutrient availability and changes to community structure by their creation of “alligator ponds” compared to the surrounding phosphorus (P)-limited oligotrophic marsh in the Everglades. We used a halo sampling design of three distinct habitats extending outward from ten active alligator ponds across a hydrological gradient. We performed nutrient analysis on basal food-web resources and quantitative community analyses, and stoichiometric analyses on plants and animals. These data underly the work in Strickland et al. (2023). An apex predator engineers wetland food-web heterogeneity through nutrient enrichment and habitat modification. Journal of Animal Ecology.
Dataset for: Integrated trophic position as a proxy for food-web complexity
<div> <p>There are two distinct approaches to describing the distributions of biomass and species in food webs: one to consider them as discrete trophic levels (TLs); and the other to consider them as continuous trophic positions (TPs). Bridging the gap between these two perspectives presents a non-trivial challenge in integrating biodiversity and food-web structure.</p> <p>Food Network Unfolding (FNU) is a technique used to bridge this gap by partitioning the biomass of species into integer TLs to compute three complexity indices, namely vertical (<em>D</em><sub>V</sub>), horizontal (<em>D</em><sub>H</sub>), and range (<em>D</em><sub>R</sub>) diversity (<em>D</em> indices), through decomposition of Shannon's index <em>H'</em>. Using FNU, the food web (a network of species with unique TPs) is converted to a linear food chain (a biomass distribution at discrete TLs). This enables us to expect that the unfolded biomass within species decreases exponentially as the TL increases. Under this condition, the mean TL value in unfolded food chains is hypothesized to have an exponential relationship with the vertical diversity, <em>D</em><sub>V</sub>. To explore this, we implemented FNU and calculated <em>D</em> indices for food webs publicly available at EcoBase (<em>n</em> = 158) and calculated the integrated TP (iTP), defined as the biomass-weighted average TP of a given food web. The iTP corresponds to the mean TL in unfolded food chains and can be empirically measured through compound-specific isotope analysis of amino acids (CSIA-AA).</p> <p>Although our analysis is biased towards marine ecosystems, we revealed an exponential relationship between iTP and <em>D</em><sub>V</sub>, suggesting that iTP can serve as a measurable proxy for <em>D</em><sub>V</sub>. Furthermore, we found a positive correlation between the iTP observed in the total communities (total iTP) and the iTPs of partial communities consisting only of species with 2.0 ≤ TP < 3.0 (partial iTP; <em>r<sup>2</sup></em> = 0.48), suggesting that <em>D</em><sub>V</sub> can be predicted using partial iTP.</p> <p>Our findings suggest that the net effect of species diversity, excluding the effect of biomass (corresponding to <em>H'</em> − <em>D</em><sub>V</sub>), on food-web complexity can be revealed by combining CSIA-AA with biodiversity analysis (e.g., environmental DNA).</p> </div>
Data for "Species richness and food-web structure jointly drive community biomass and its temporal stability in fish communities"
<p>Data for the paper "Species richness and food-web structure jointly drive community biomass and its temporal stability in fish communities" which is in minor revision in Ecology Letters (manuscript id:ELE-00589-2021.R1). A doi will be provided upon publication.</p> <p>Current citation: Danet, A., Mouchet, M., Bonnaffé, W., Thébault, E., & Fontaine, C. (In revision) Species<br> richness and food-web structure jointly drive total biomass and its temporal stability in<br> fish communities Minor revision in Ecology Letters.</p> <p>The repository constains data describing fish community monitoring across stream sections in metropolitan France over the period 1995-2018 by the French Office of Water and Aquatic Ecosystems (ONEMA) using electrofishing.</p> <p>The repository contains:</p> <ul> <li> description of fishing: fishing_protocol.csv <ul> <li>surface: sampled surface</li> <li>opcod: fishing operation code, a unique identifier for each sampling event</li> <li>station: unique identifier for each site</li> <li>nb_sp, nb_ind: number of species, number of individuals</li> </ul> </li> <li>geographical information: station_basin.csv <ul> <li>X, Y: spatial coordinates of the station, expressed in metres in Lambert93 (epsg:2154)</li> <li>basin: name of the hydrographic basin</li> </ul> </li> <li>environment: environment.csv ( _mean: mean, _med: median, _cv: coefficient of variation) <ul> <li>alt: altitude</li> <li>d_source: distance to source</li> <li>strahler: strahler order</li> <li>BOD: Biological Oxygen Demand</li> <li>temperature: water temperature</li> <li>flow: water flow</li> </ul> </li> <li>community data: community_data.csv <ul> <li>species: three digits code corresponding to a given species (see Table S1, Danet et al. in revision)</li> <li>nind: number of individuals</li> <li>biomass: biomass in gram</li> </ul> </li> <li>Length of each fish individual: fish_length.csv <ul> <li>length: length of the fish in millimeter</li> </ul> </li> <li>Inferred food-web: class_network.rda <ul> <li>data: <ul> <li>class_id: size class of a fish individual</li> </ul> </li> <li>network: these data.frame can be handled by igraph::graph_from_data_frame() <ul> <li>from, to: "to" eats "from"</li> </ul> </li> <li>composition: <ul> <li>sp_class: concatenation of species and class_id columns</li> <li>bm_std: biomass reported to the sampled surface</li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> <p> </p> <p> </p>
Changes in vertical and horizontal diversities mediated by the size structure of introduced fish collectively shape food-web stability
<p><span>Species introductions can alter local food-web structure by changing the vertical or horizontal diversity within communities, largely driven by their body size distributions. Increasing vertical and horizontal diversities is predicted to have opposing effects on stability. However, their interactive effects remain largely overlooked. We investigated the independent and collective effects of vertical and horizontal diversities on food-web stability</span><span> in alpine lakes stocked with variable body size distributions of introduced fish species. I</span><span>ntroduced predators destabilize food-webs by </span><span>increasing vertical diversity through food chain lengthening</span><span>. Alternatively, increasing horizontal diversity results in more </span><span>stable food-web topologies. A non-linear interaction between vertical and horizontal diversities </span>suggests that increasing vertical diversity is most destabilizing when horizontal diversity is low<span>.</span> <span>Our findings suggest </span>that the size structure of introduced predators drives their impacts on stability by modifying the structure of food-webs, and highlights the <span>interactive effects of vertical and horizontal diversities on stability.</span></p>
Dataset for: Integrated trophic position as a proxy for food-web complexity
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Changes in vertical and horizontal diversities mediated by the size structure of introduced fish collectively shape food-web stability
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Changes in phytoplankton size-structure alter trophic-transfer in a temperate, coastal planktonic food-web
<p>Datasets, Metadata, Figures and Matlab codes used to produce the figures used in "Changes in phytoplankton size-structure alter trophic-transfer in a temperate, coastal planktonic food-web"</p>
Effects of enhanced productivity of resources shared by predators in a food-web module: Comparing results of a field experiment to predictions of mathematical models of intra-guild predation
<p>This dataset contains data from a field experiment described in the publication "Wise, D. H. & Farfan, M.A. (2021) Effects of enhanced productivity of resources shared by predators in a food-web module: Comparing results of a field experiment to predictions of mathematical models of intra-guild predation. Ecology and Evolution, 00: 1-11. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.8375">https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.8375</a>".</p> <p>The field experiment compared the response to increased input of nutrients and energy (artificial detritus) to an empirical model of intra-guild predation (IGP) to the predictions of published, simple mathematical models of asymmetric IGP (a generalist IG Predator that feeds both on a specialist IG Prey and a Resource that it shares with the IG Prey). The empirical model was a food-web module created by pooling species abundances across many families in a community of soil micro-arthropods into three response variables: IG Predator (large predatory mites), IG Prey (small predatory mites) and a shared Resource (fungivorous mites and springtails). The pattern of change over time in densities of the three response variables (IG Predator, IG Prey and Resource) was compared to the predictions of mathematical models of IGP to determine if the feeding relationships in this community of soil micro-arthropods could be abstracted into a simple IGP module. Thus, we were testing the hypothesis that IGP is a dominant organizing principle in this community.</p> <p>Simple mathematical models predict that increased input of nutrients and energy to the shared Resource will increase the equilibrium density of Resource and IG Predator, but will decrease that of IG Prey. By the experiment's end, densities of fungivores (Resource) had increased ~1.5x (ratio of pooled fungivore densities in the High treatment to plots with no addition of detritus (None treatment); and IG Predator densities had increased ~4x. Contrary to the prediction of mathematical models, IG Prey had not decreased, but instead had increased ~1.5x. We discuss possible reasons for the failure of the empirical model to agree with IGP theory.</p>
Biotic filtering by species' interactions constrains food-web variability across spatial and abiotic gradients
<p>Despite intensive research on species dissimilarity patterns across communities (i.e. beta-diversity), we still know little about their implications for variation in food-web structures. Our analyses of 50 lake and 48 forest soil communities show that, while species dissimilarity depends on environmental and spatial gradients, these effects are only weakly propagated to the networks. Moreover, our results show that species and food-web dissimilarities are consistently correlated, but that much of the variation in food-web structure across spatial, environmental, and species gradients remains unexplained. Novel food-web assembly models demonstrate the importance of biotic filtering during community assembly by (1) the availability of resources, and (2) limiting similarity in species' interactions to avoid strong niche overlap and thus competitive exclusion. This reveals a strong signature of biotic filtering processes during local community assembly, which constrains the variability in structural food-web patterns across local communities despite substantial turnover in species composition.</p>
Foraging preferences and interspecific competition generate multimodal complexity-stability relationships in an adaptive food-web framework
<p><span>Ecological theory predicts that complex ecological networks are unstable and are unlikely to persist, despite many empirical studies of such complexity in nature. To resolve real complexity-stability relationships, coupling population dynamics and trait dynamics is considered to be an important way to understand the long-term stability of ecological community assemblages. However, modelling eco-evolutionary dynamics in ecologically realistic networks is still a challenge. Here, we establish an adaptive food web model to evaluate the complexity-stability debate in a mutualist-exploiters-specialist forager-generalist forager system. Our theoretical model predicts that the connectance-stability relationship may show positive monotonic (/), negative monotonic (\), peaked (∩) and double-peaked (oscillatory) patterns. Moreover, the double-peaked pattern is only obtained when both the adaptation intensity and interspecific competition are high, which may explain no complexity-stability relationships revealed in empirical data. Finally, we deduce that foraging adaptation alters positive and/or negative feedback loops to affect the stability of real food webs.</span></p>
Data for: "Land-use intensity influences European tetrapod food-webs"
<p>These .Rdata files enable to reproduce results from our article " Signatures of land use intensity on european tetrapod food-web architectures" along with the R code provided at: https://github.com/ChrisBotella/foodwebs_vs_land_use</p> <p>- raw_data : Raw data including GBIF and iNaturalist occurrences and IUCN enveloppes used to select sites and generate species presence/absence. We provide this file for transparency and reproducibility of our methodology.</p> <p>- preprocessed_data: preprocessed data (obtained from raw_data) used to generate our article Figures along with the next file.</p> <p>- TrophicNetworksList : .Rdata containing a list of igraph objects, each igraph is a foodweb associated to a site identify by the list element name. </p> <p>- MultiRegMatrices: .Rdata containing especially the pre-computed matrix Y of cells (rows) by food web metrics (columns) and the covariate design matrix X (for the linear regressions) in order to facilitate and accelerate the reproduction of the analyses.</p>
Dataset for Role of Astrophorina sponges (Demospongiae) in food-web interactions at the Flemish Cap (NW Atlantic)
<p>The data include the functions used to develop the trophic/ non-trophic interaction web models, the input files for these models and the Rmarkdown files with the model output.</p>
Biotic filtering by species’ interactions constrains food-web variability across spatial and abiotic gradients
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Effects of enhanced productivity of resources shared by predators in a food-web module: Comparing results of a field experiment to predictions of mathematical models of intra-guild predation
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Data from: Negative frequency-dependent foraging behaviour in a generalist herbivore (Alces alces) and its stabilizing influence on food-web dynamics
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Interannual structure of the bathyal deep-sea food-web at South Sandwich Islands (Southern Ocean): Stable isotope values of 𝛅13C and 𝛅15N
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Foraging preferences and interspecific competition generate multimodal complexity-stability relationships in an adaptive food-web framework
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Data from: How geographic productivity patterns affect food-web evolution
<p>This dataset contains the generated data analyzed in the manuscript, as well as the code for analyzing the generated data. It also contains the code used to generate the data.</p>
Data from: Food-web structure varies along environmental gradients in a high-latitude marine ecosystem
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Otolith and muscle stable isotope analyses to assess food-web interactions between threatened bigmouth buffalo (Ictiobus cyprinellus) and invasive common carp (Cyprinus carpio)
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