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15 results for “fossil feathers”
FIGURE 5 in The earliest fossil evidence of spiny feather (pinnate-leaved) palms from the K-Pg of Gondwana
FIGURE 5. (A, B) Line drawing of the fossil species Spinopinnophyllum acanthorachis S. Kumar, T. Su and M. A. Khan sp. nov. (Scale bars = 1 cm).
FIGURE 4. Fossil species Spinopinnophyllum acanthorachis S. Kumar, T in The earliest fossil evidence of spiny feather (pinnate-leaved) palms from the K-Pg of Gondwana
FIGURE 4. Fossil species Spinopinnophyllum acanthorachis S. Kumar, T. Su and M. A. Khan sp. nov. (SKBUH/PPL/ UL28). (A) Fossil palm leaf specimen showing a distinct rachis with well-separated leaf segments and scars of spine bases (marked by 1, 2, 3, and 4) (scale bar = 1 cm); (B) A modern palm leaf of Calamus L. (Arecaceae) showing a robust rachis with spines and leaf segments (scale bar = 1 cm); (C) An enlarged view of fig. A showing a robust rachis with scars of spine bases and leaf segments (scale bar = 1 cm); (D) A large view of scar of the base of the spine (scale bar = 0.3 cm).
FIGURE 6 in The earliest fossil evidence of spiny feather (pinnate-leaved) palms from the K-Pg of Gondwana
FIGURE 6. Spines on the rachises of different species of modern pinnate palms. (A) Astrocaryum sciophilum (Miq.) Pulle, 1916; (B) Plectocomia dransfieldiana Madulid, 1981; (C) Aiphanes horrida (Jacq.) Burret, 1932; (D) Acrocomia totai Martius, 1944; (E) Astrocaryum murumuru Martius, 1824; (F) Bactris gasipaes Kunth, 1816; (G) Desmoncus chinantlensis Liebm. ex Martius, 1853; (H) Aiphanes verrucosa Borchsenius and Balslev, 1990; (I) Astrocaryum mexicanum Liebm. ex Martius, 1853 (scale bars = 1 cm, source: The Herbarium Catalogue, Royal Botanic Garden, Kew, published on the internet http://www.kew.org/herbcat).
FIGURE 1 in The earliest fossil evidence of spiny feather (pinnate-leaved) palms from the K-Pg of Gondwana
FIGURE 1. Spines on different palm organs (A) stem; (B) leaf petiole; (C) leaflet; (D) leaf axis (Rachis); (E) rootlet; (F) fruit.
FIGURE 3. Fossil species Spinopinnophyllum acanthorachis S. Kumar, T in The earliest fossil evidence of spiny feather (pinnate-leaved) palms from the K-Pg of Gondwana
FIGURE 3. Fossil species Spinopinnophyllum acanthorachis S. Kumar, T. Su and M. A. Khan sp. nov. (SKBUH/PPL/ Um/L/48). (A) A palm leaf specimen showing a stout rachis with well-preserved spines (marked by white arrows) and well-separated plicate leaf segments; (scale bar = 1 cm); (B) A part of the fossil leaf specimen showing two prominent spines on the rachis (scale bar = 1 cm); (C) Counterpart of SKBUH/PPL/Um/L/48 (scale bar = 1 cm); (D, F, H, J) Enlarged views of S. acanthorachis leaf showing the different orientation of spines on the rachis; (E, G, I, K). Line drawing of (D, F, H, J) (scale bars = 1 cm).
FIGURE 2 in The earliest fossil evidence of spiny feather (pinnate-leaved) palms from the K-Pg of Gondwana
FIGURE 2. (A) Map showing Deccan Volcanic Province (DVP), red star showing fossil locality (modified after Smith et al., 2015); (B) Recovered spiny feather palms from surface exposures of Deccan sediments; (C) Palaeocontinental map showing the position of the surviving Indian plate and the fossil locality (red dot) at 65.5 Ma. Note that the now subducted 'Greater India' is not shown as its dimensions are poorly constrained, nor is the Tethyan Himalaya microterrane (base maps from https://www.odsn.de/odsn/services/paleomap/paleomap.html).
Figure 8. A in New fossil mousebird (Aves: Coliiformes) with feather preservation provides insight into the ecological diversity of an Eocene North American avifauna
Figure 8. A, strict consensus of 1872 most parsimonious trees (MPTs; tree length L = 137 steps; retention index, RI = 0.825; rescaled consistency index, RC = 0.446) from primary phylogenetic analysis. B, strict consensus of 20 MPTs (L = 137 steps; RI = 0.820; RC = 0.443) from the analysis excluding the poorly known Eobucco brodkorbi, Primocolius sigei, and Primocolius minor. C, strict consensus of 12 168 MPTs (L = 138 steps; RI = 0.825; RC = 0.442) from phylogenetic analysis including Eocolius walkeri (Aves incertae sedis). Bootstrap support values are shown above the branches; Bremer support values greater than 1 are shown below the branches.
Figure 6 in New fossil mousebird (Aves: Coliiformes) with feather preservation provides insight into the ecological diversity of an Eocene North American avifauna
Figure 6. Reconstructions of the wing bones of Green River Formation fossil mousebirds (Celericolius acriala and Anneavis anneae) and extant mousebirds (Urocolius indicus and Colius striatus), rescaled to equal lengths to show proportional differences.
Figure 5 in New fossil mousebird (Aves: Coliiformes) with feather preservation provides insight into the ecological diversity of an Eocene North American avifauna
Figure 5. Details of the skeletal anatomy of Celericolius acriala. A, distal elements of left wing. B, pelvis, pygostyle, and left hindlimb. C, right foot. Abbreviations: cmc, carpometacarpus, dI, pedal digit I; dII, pedal digit II; dIII, pedal digit III; dIV, pedal digit IV; ext, impression of processus extensorius; hyp, cristae hypotarsi; isch, ischium; mpI-1, manual phalanx I-1; mpII-1, manual phalanx II-1; mpIII-1, manual phalanx III-1; pc, processus costales; pi, processus intermetacarpalis; pt, processus transversus vertebrae; pu, pubis; py, pygostyle; rad, radiale; tmt, tarsometatarsus; uln, ulnare. Scale bars: 5 mm.
Figure 7. A in New fossil mousebird (Aves: Coliiformes) with feather preservation provides insight into the ecological diversity of an Eocene North American avifauna
Figure 7. A, spread wing of Urocolius indicus (Coliidae: NCSM 19741) in ventral view. B, spread wing of Hirundo rustica (Hirundinidae: PSU 11196a) in ventral view. C, wing of Celericolius acriala (Coliiformes: FMNH PA 730), with arrows indicating the leading edge of the wing.
Figure 4 in New fossil mousebird (Aves: Coliiformes) with feather preservation provides insight into the ecological diversity of an Eocene North American avifauna
Figure 4. Photograph and line drawing of Celericolius acriala (FMNH PA 730). Abbreviations: dI, pedal digit I; dII, pedal digit II; dIII, pedal digit III; dIV, pedal digit IV; f, furcula; lcmc, left carpometacarpus; lhu, left humerus; lra, left radius; ltbt, left tibiotarsus; ltmt, left tarsometatarsus; lul, left ulna; mpI-1, manual phalanx I-1; mpII-1, manual phalanx II-1; mpII-2, manual phalanx II-2; mpIII-1, manual phalanx III-1; py, pygostyle; rad, radiale; rcmc, right carpometacarpus; rest, artificially restored tip of the beak; rf, right femur; rra, right radius; rtbt, right tibiotarsus; rtmt, right tarsometatarsus; ruln, right ulna; sc, scapula; st, sternum; ul, ulnare; uln, ulna.
Figure 2 in New fossil mousebird (Aves: Coliiformes) with feather preservation provides insight into the ecological diversity of an Eocene North American avifauna
Figure 2. Map of the USA showing the extent of the Green River lake system during the late early Eocene (modified from Grande & Buchheim, 1994). Fossil Lake is enlarged on the right, with locality letters and distribution of major lithofacies following the system of Grande & Buchheim (1994). Localities A (Lewis Ranch Site 1, type locality of Celericolius acriala) and K (Warfield Springs, type locality of the sandcoleid Anneavis anneae) have yielded fossil Coliiformes.
Figure 1 in New fossil mousebird (Aves: Coliiformes) with feather preservation provides insight into the ecological diversity of an Eocene North American avifauna
Figure 1. Map showing the distribution of extant Coliidae (light grey) and localities yielding fossil Coliiformes (dark-grey circles). Distribution of extant species follows de Juana (2001).
Figure 9 in New fossil mousebird (Aves: Coliiformes) with feather preservation provides insight into the ecological diversity of an Eocene North American avifauna
Figure 9. Phylogeny of the Coliiformes calibrated to the stratigraphic record. Character states reconstructed as unambiguous synapomorphies in the strict consensus tree from Figure 8B are listed for each branch. Additional character states that are reconstructed as unambiguous synapomorphies in all most parsimonious trees combined in this consensus (but not reconstructed as such in the strict consensus tree because of soft polytomies) are listed in italics. Characters that exhibit homoplasy within Coliiformes are indicated with an asterisk. As a result of the lack of phylogenetically constrained Neogene mousebird fossils, the timing of divergences within Coliidae is uncertain, but we have placed the Urocolius/Colius divergence in the Pliocene, reflecting probable African representatives of at least the extant Colius lineage (Haarhoff, 1993). Stratigraphic ranges of European taxa are in light grey; North American taxa in are in dark grey. All extant Coliiformes are restricted to Africa. Life reconstructions by Kristin Lamm.
Figure 3 in New fossil mousebird (Aves: Coliiformes) with feather preservation provides insight into the ecological diversity of an Eocene North American avifauna
Figure 3. Celericolius acriala holotype specimen (FMNH PA 730). Arrows indicate the extent of the carbonized feather traces.
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