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42 results for “fractured rock”
Fracture Data Supporting: 'The 2024 Mw4.8 New Jersey Intraplate Earthquake: Preferential Rupture of an Immature Fault in Frictionally Unstable Basement Rocks'
<p>The spreadsheets contain fracture and paleoslip surface datasets measured across the epicentral region of the April 5, 2024 Mw4.8 New Jersey earthquake. Datasets contain coordinates of outcrops, strike, dip, and trend/plunge or rake (where slickenlines are observed).</p>
Dataset for manuscript: Rock anisotropy promotes hydraulic fracture containment at depth
<p>This is the experimental data used in manuscript: "Rock anisotropy promotes hydraulic fracture containment at depth".</p> <p>This data set has 5 folders: </p> <p>K1, T2, M3 and M4 contain the raw data collected by active acoustic monitoring system and various pumps and transducers. <br> The readings of the Top Industrie syringe pump (for fluid injection), pressure transducers at downstream, and GDS pumps that provide confining stresses along all three directions via flatjacks are provided by two excel spreadsheets - Low_frequency_measurements.csv and Pump_reading.csv.<br> For active acoustic data, there are four different files named by the starting time for each experiment. The .json file contains the basic information of each experiment. The .txt file contains the acquisition time for each active acoustic sequence. The .bin file contains the collected waveforms of all acoustic sequences.</p> <p>Processed_data includes the synchronized pressure data (Pressure_data.xlsx) and detailed acoustic emission results (AE_K1.csv, AE_T2.csv, AE_M3.csv, AE_M4.csv).<br> </p>
A semi-analytical solution for heat transport in rock with parallel fractures and a heat source in both fracture and matrix
<p>In this study, we propose a two-dimensional semi-analytical solution framework based on a Green’s function approach for a flexible heat source definition, including source dimensions, energy delivery strength and duration, and the presence of a heat source in the matrix and/or fracture. The solution fully accounts for heat conduction, advection, dispersion and transient heat exchange between the mobile and immobile phases in a system of parallel fractures. The solution having a strip heat source extending from a fracture into the matrix indicates that one-dimensional heat conduction in the matrix underestimates and overestimates temperature responses at early and later times, respectively.</p> <p>The dataset is for the figures 2-7 in the journal paper. </p>
Fortran code used in 'A fractal model for effective excess charge density in variably saturated fractured rocks'
<p>This code is uploaded to support the research study 'A fractal model for effective excess charge density in variably saturated fractured rocks' by L. Guarracino and D. Jougnot (submitted to JGR: Solid Earth, 2021).</p> <p>Files:<br> a) Fortran source code (qvfrac.f) for estimating the effective excess charge density in fractured rocks. The calculation is based on model equations described in the research study.<br> b) Input data (network1.dat) to calculate the effective excess charge density for fracture network 1 described in Section 3 (Figure 5a).</p>
Text-fig. 12. Close-up views of silicified stem from Mhengere Fossil Wood Site 2. a: natural longitudinal fracture surface; b: natural cross section (images by MP). in Stratigraphy, Chronology And Palaeontology Of The Tertiary Rocks Of The Cheringoma Plateau, Mozambique
Text-fig. 12. Close-up views of silicified stem from Mhengere Fossil Wood Site 2. a: natural longitudinal fracture surface; b: natural cross section (images by MP).
Persistent Homology for Characterization of Fracture Patterns in Rocks
<p>The data sets are for fracture characterizations of serpentinite by persistent homology. </p>
Correlation between rock brittleness and fracturing
<p>Birttleness and fracturing behavior are two fundamental properties of rock. Here the brittleness of three marbles were determined by the data of various tests. The fracturing behavior of three marble were analysed in microscale under the mode I fracturing test. </p>
Using Radiogenic Noble Gas Nuclides to Identify and Characterize Rock Fracturing - Data
<p>Data and data processing scripts associated with the paper:</p> <p>"<strong>Using Radiogenic Noble Gas Nuclides to Identify and Characterize Rock Fracturing</strong><strong>" <br></strong></p> <p>submitted to Earth and Space Sciences.</p> <p>Data and data processing scripts are given for each shot in a zipped archive. Metadata describing data and dataprocessing scripts for each shot can be found in a README file in each archive.</p>
Data sets for 'Mechanical Compliance of Individual Fractures in a Heterogeneous Rock Mass from Production-type Full-waveform Sonic Data', submitted to JGR: Solid Earth
<p>Synthetic and field FWS data sets are supplied for validation of proposed methods for compliance estimation of individual fractures. Each zip contains ‘ReadMe.txt ‘, which illustrates the files and corresponding parameters. More details about the setup in the submitted paper ‘Mechanical Compliance of Individual Fractures in a Heterogeneous Rock Mass from Production-type Full-waveform Sonic Data’.</p>
Oscillatory Flow Testing Data Collected at Field Site for Research in Fractured Sedimentary Rock (FSR)^2
<p>This dataset contains raw and processed pressure data collected in 2019 during oscillatory flow testing experiments at the Field Site for Research in Fractured Sedimentary Rock (FSR)^2 near Madison, WI. The included ReadMe file describes the data and code used in data processing. The companion processing and analysis code is included as a separate upload (doi:10.5281/zenodo.6584777)</p>
A semi-analytical solution for heat transport in rock with parallel fractures and a heat source in both fracture and matrix
<p>In this study, we propose a two-dimensional semi-analytical solution framework based on a Green’s function approach for a flexible heat source definition, including the heat source dimensions, energy delivery strength and duration, and the presence of a heat source in the matrix and/or fracture. The solution fully accounts for heat conduction, advection, dispersion, and transient heat exchange between the fracture fluid and rock matrix in a system of parallel fractures. </p> <p>The dataset is for the figures 2-9 in the journal paper. </p> <p>The computation code is available to generate the temperature in rock matrix or fracture using Matlab. </p>
Rock-temperature, fracture displacement and acoustic/micro-seismic data measured at Matterhorn Hörnligrat, Switzerland
<p>This repository contains data, which were acquired in the context of project X-Sense2 (financed by nano-tera.ch, ref. no. 530659) at the Matterhorn Hörnligrat fieldsite on 3500 m a.s.l. from 2015 until 1 April 2018. These data were used in the following publication:</p> <p>Weber, S., Faillettaz, J., Meyer, M., Beutel, J., and Vieli, A.: Acoustic and micro-seismic characterization in steep bedrock permafrost on Matterhorn (CH), Journal of Geophysical Research: Earth Surface, 123(6), 1363-1385, doi: 10.1029/2018JF004615, 2018.</p> <p><strong>AM-DATA</strong> This repository contains selected accelerometer data with SI unit m/s<sup>2</sup> (hourly .miniseed-files, MH40 refers to AM<sub>scarp</sub>). These data were measured continuously using an accelerometer based on a Wilcoxon 728A/T (10 − 10000 Hz, 24 kHz resonance frequency), netADC data acquisition system and netSP+ seismological processor of Institute of Mine Seismology. Data were synchronized to a global time reference using GPS (<1 μs). The data is stored in .miniseed-format and splitted in hourly files.</p> <p><strong>SM-DATA</strong> This repository contains selected raw seismometer data in counts (hourly .miniseed-files, MHDL refers to SM<sub>scarp</sub> and MHDT refers to SM<sub>ridge</sub>). These data were measured using a Lennartz electronic low-noise seismometer LE-3Dlite MKIII (1−100 Hz) and Nanometrics Centaur digital recorder, a 24-bit high-resolution seismic data acquisition system disciplined by GPS (<100 μs) with a sampling rate of 1000 sps. The data is stored in .miniseed-format and splitted in hourly files.</p> <p><strong>TIMESERIES</strong> This repository contains 8 timeseries:</p> <ul> <li> <p><em>AS_scarp_high.csv</em> describes the threshold triggeres acoustic emission hits acquired with a piezoelectric sensor Mistras Physical Acoustics Corporation R6α, 35−100 kHz, 55 kHz resonance frequency.</p> </li> <li> <p><em>AS_scarp_low.csv</em> describes the threshold triggeres acoustic emission hits acquired with a piezoelectric sensor Mistras Physical Acoustics Corporation R.45, 5−30 kHz, 20 kHz resonance frequency.</p> </li> <li> <p><em>CR_old.csv</em> described the measured fracture displacement in mm.</p> </li> <li> <p><em>SMridge_nofilter.csv</em> describes automatically triggered events using a recursive short-term/long-term average (STA/LTA ) algorithm without filtering. Peak amplitude in µm/s and energy in µm<sup>2</sup>/s<sup>2</sup>.</p> </li> <li> <p><em>SMridge_filtered.csv</em> describes automatically triggered events using a recursive short-term/long-term average (STA/LTA ) algorithm in the frequency band 33-67 Hz. Peak amplitude in µm/s and energy in µm<sup>2</sup>/s<sup>2</sup>.</p> </li> <li> <p><em>SMscarp_filtered.csv</em> describes automatically triggered events using a recursive short-term/long-term average (STA/LTA ) algorithm without filtering. Peak amplitude in µm/s and energy in µm<sup>2</sup>/s<sup>2</sup>.</p> </li> <li> <p><em>SMscarp_nofilter.csv</em> describes automatically triggered events using a recursive short-term/long-term average (STA/LTA ) algorithm in the frequency band 33-67 Hz. Peak amplitude in µm/s and energy in µm<sup>2</sup>/s<sup>2</sup>.</p> </li> <li> <p><em>temperature.csv</em> describes the rock temperature (in °C) at different depths: 5, 10, 20, 30, 50 and 100 cm.</p> </li> </ul> <p>All time stamps are in UTC.</p>
Equivalent Biot and Skempton poroelastic coefficients for a fractured rock mass from a DFN approach
<p>These files allow the estimation of equivalent Biot and Skempton coefficients for a fractured rock mass. </p> <p>The folder is organized into: </p> <ul> <li><strong>validation</strong>: this folder contains the files used for the comparison of theoretical expressions with numerical results. In detail, it contains input scripts and results of the numerical HM simulation in 3DEC, input scripts and results for the DFN generation and analytical estimation of the coefficients, scripts for the comparison of numerical and theoretical estimations</li> <li><strong>sensitivity</strong>: this folder contains the files used for the sensitivity analysis. In particular, it contains scripts for the direct estimation of coefficients and for the estimations from the generated DFNs, for the case of parallel fractures and for randomly oriented fractures. </li> </ul> <p> </p>
Relating hydro-mechanical and elastodynamic properties of dynamically-stressed tensile-fractured rock in relation to fracture aperture and contact area
<p>We exploit nonlinear elastodynamic properties of fractured rock to probe the micro-scale mechanics of fractures and understand the relation between fluid transport and fracture aperture and area, stiffness proxy, under dynamic stressing. Experiments are conducted on rough, tensile-fractured Westerly granite specimen subject to triaxial stresses. Fracture permeability is measured from steady-state fluid flow with deionized water. Pore pressure oscillations are applied at amplitudes ranging from 0.2 to 1~MPa at 1~Hz frequency. During dynamic stressing we transmit acoustic signals through the fracture using an array of piezoelectric transducers (PZTs) to monitor the evolution of fracture interface properties. We examine the influence of fracture aperture and contact area by conducting measurements at effective normal stresses of 10, 12.5, 15, 17.5, and 20~MPa. Additionally, the evolution of contact area with stress is characterized using pressure sensitive film. These experiments are conducted separately with the same fracture and they map contact area at stresses from 9 to 21~MPa. The resulting `true' area of contact measurements made for the entire fracture surface and within the calculated PZT sensor footprints, numerical modeling of Fresnel zone. We compare the elastodynamic response of the the fracture using the stress-induced changes ultrasonic wave velocities for a range of transmitter-receiver pairs to image spatial variations in contact properties, which is informed by fracture contact area measurements. These measurements of the nonlinear elasticity are related to the fluid-flow, permeability, in response to dynamic stressing and similar comparisons are made for the slow-dynamics, recovery, of the fracture interface following the stress perturbations.</p>
The heterogeneous rheological properties of rock mass caused the formation of deep tension fractures
<p>Date for the paper —The heterogeneous rheological properties of rock mass caused the formation of deep tension fractures.</p>
Simulation data for paper "Estimation of in-situ stresses and friction properties of rock masses based on natural fractures conductivity: a case study from C0002 well at Nankai Trough zone, offshore Shikoku Island, Japan"
<p>Supplementary files for Dubinya, Tikhotskiy paper entitled "Estimation of in-situ stresses and friction properties of rock masses based on natural fractures conductivity: a case study from C0002 well at Nankai Trough zone, offshore Shikoku Island, Japan" prepared for submission to Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth.</p> <p> </p> <p>File "Initial data on fractures.csv" contains initial data on conductivity of natural fractures, their deoths and spatial orientations</p> <p>Files "Unit N, (un)limited friction" contain results of Monte-Carlo simulations completed based on data from fractures from N-th interval. Friction coefficient is varied either between 0 and 1 (unlimited friction), or 0.4 and 0.6 (limited friction).</p>
Imaging elastodynamic and hydraulic properties of in-situ fractured rock: An experimental investigation exploring effects of dynamic stressing and shearing
<p>We describe laboratory experiments to elucidate the relationship between nonlinear elasticity and permeability evolution in fractured media subjected to local stress perturbations. This study is part of an effort to image fluid pathways and fracture properties using active-source acoustic monitoring during fluid injection and shear of rough fractures. Experiments were conducted with L-shaped samples of Westerly granite fractured in-situ under tri-axial conditions with deionized water subsequently circulated through the resulting fractures. After in-situ fracturing, we separately imposed oscillations of the applied normal stress and pore pressure with amplitudes ranging from 0.2 to 1 MPa and frequencies from 0.1 to 40 Hz. During these dynamic perturbations an array of piezoelectric transducers continuously transmitted ultrasonic pulses across the fracture to monitor the evolving elastic response. We interpret the resulting evolution of elastic wave properties in the context of elastic nonlinearity and relate the estimated nonlinearity parameters to the relative change in permeability of the fractured media. Fracture roughness is then altered in-situ by shearing, with the generation of breccia and wear products. We document the evolution of permeability and fracture contact stiffness as a function of dynamic stressing and shear offset and discuss our findings in relation to fractures in Earth's crust.</p>
FIGURE 13 in Speciation in fractured rock landforms: towards understanding the diversity of subterranean cockroaches (Dictyoptera: Nocticolidae: Nocticola) in Western Australia
FIGURE 13. Map of the Pilbara region in Western Australia, where Nocticola clades and lineages were collected.
FIGURE 11A–F. Nocticola currani n in Speciation in fractured rock landforms: towards understanding the diversity of subterranean cockroaches (Dictyoptera: Nocticolidae: Nocticola) in Western Australia
FIGURE 11A–F. Nocticola currani n. sp.A–F, paratype (WAM ML0671). A, whole genitalia, dorsal view; B, R1, dorsal view; C, L2d, dorsal view; D, L3d, dorsal view; E, p, dorsal view; F, vp, dorsal view. Scale 0.2 mm.
FIGURE 10A–C. Nocticola currani n in Speciation in fractured rock landforms: towards understanding the diversity of subterranean cockroaches (Dictyoptera: Nocticolidae: Nocticola) in Western Australia
FIGURE 10A–C. Nocticola currani n. sp. A–C, paratype (WAM ML710). A, first leg, anterior view; B, second leg, anterior view; C, third leg, anterior view. Scale 0.5 mm.
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International Brain Laboratory public data
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OpenNeuro
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