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Dataset results
19 results for “frequency of hybridization”
Frequency-dependent hybridization contributes to habitat segregation in monkeyflowers
<p>Spatial segregation of closely related species is usually attributed to differences in stress tolerance and competitive ability. For both animals and plants, reproductive interactions between close relatives can impose a fitness cost that is more detrimental to the rarer species. Frequency-dependent mating interactions may thus prevent the establishment of immigrants within heterospecific populations, maintaining spatial segregation of species. Despite strong spatial segregation in natural populations, two sympatric California monkeyflowers (<i>Mimulus nudatus</i> and <i>M. guttatus</i>) survive and reproduce in the other's habitat when transplanted reciprocally. We hypothesized that a frequency-dependent mating disadvantage maintains spatial segregation of these monkeyflowers during natural immigration. To evaluate this hypothesis, we performed two field experiments. First, we experimentally added immigrants in varying numbers to sites dominated by heterospecifics. Second, we reciprocally transplanted arrays of varying resident and immigrant frequency. Immigrant seed viability decreased with conspecific rarity for <i>M. guttatus</i>, but not <i>M. nudatus</i>. We observed immigrant minority disadvantage for both species, but driven by different factors– frequency-dependent hybridization for <i>M. guttatus</i>, and competition for resources and/or pollinators for <i>M. nudatus</i>. Overall, our results suggest a major role for reproductive interference in spatial segregation that should be evaluated along with stress tolerance and competitive ability.</p>
Data for: Assortative mating in an ecological context: Effects of mate choice errors and relative species abundance on the frequency and asymmetry of hybridization
<p><span>The frequency and asymmetry of mixed-species mating set the initial stage for the ecological and evolutionary implications of hybridization. How such patterns of mixed-species mating, in turn, are influenced by the combination of mate choice errors and relative species abundance remain largely unknown. We develop a mathematical model that generates predictions for how relative species abundances and mate choice errors affect hybridization patterns. When mate choice errors are small (<5%) the highest frequency of hybridization occurs when one of the hybridizing species is at low abundance, but when mate choice errors are high (>5%) the highest hybridization frequency occurs when species occur in equal proportions. Furthermore, females of the less abundant species are overrepresented in mixed-species matings. We compare our theoretical predictions with empirical data on naturally hybridizing Ficedula flycatchers and find that hybridization is highest when the two species occur in equal abundance, implying rather high mate choice errors. We discuss ecological and evolutionary implications of our findings and encourage future work on hybrid zone dynamics that take demographic aspects, such as relative species abundance, into account.</span></p>
Frequency-dependent hybridization contributes to habitat segregation in monkeyflowers
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Data for: Assortative mating in an ecological context: Effects of mate choice errors and relative species abundance on the frequency and asymmetry of hybridization
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PTP dataset of "Narrowband magnetosonic waves near the lower hybrid resonance frequency in the inner magnetosphere: Wave properties and excitation conditions"
<p>PTP dateset of "Narrowband magnetosonic waves near the lower hybrid resonance frequency in the inner magnetosphere: Wave properties and excitation conditions", including the data of Plasmapause Test Particle (PTP) Simulation to identify the plasmapause location with a time resolution of 15 min.</p>
Data from: Variation in the frequency and extent of hybridization between Leucosceptrum japonicum and L. stellipilum (Lamiaceae) in the central Japanese mainland
Variations in the frequency and extent of hybridization among mixed populations located in the same contact zone provide natural laboratories for the study of extrinsic reproductive isolation maintaining species integrity. In this study, we examined the pattern of hybridization between L. japonicum and L. stellipilum among mixed populations in different localities of a contact zone. The genetic structures from three sympatric populations and six mixed populations in the hybrid zone, and five reference populations far from the contact zone, were characterized using 10 neutral nuclear microsatellite markers. Evidence from genetic distance-based clustering analysis, the frequency distribution of admixture proportion values, and the hybrid category assignment approaches indicated that the frequency and extent of hybridization varied considerably among populations in the contact zone between L. japonicum and L. stellipilum. One likely explanation is that variation in exogenous (ecological) selection among populations might contribute to differences in frequency and extent of hybridization. The present study will facilitate future research exploring the evolution of reproductive isolation between L. japonicum and L. stellipilum.
Data from: Parental frequencies and spatial configuration shape bumblebee behavior and floral isolation in hybridizing Rhinanthus
To shed light on the role played by pollinators in the diversification of angiosperms, focus is needed on how floral isolation varies locally in the early stages of plant divergence. The few studies performed so far have often used species pairs with distinct pollination syndromes and contrasting floral displays. Here, we focus on a hybridizing pair (Rhinanthus minor and R. angustifolius) with strong similarities in flower morphology and pollinators (bumblebees). We examined how ethological isolation changes locally in relation to relative Rhinanthus frequencies, spatial configurations, and pollinator assemblages. Interestingly, floral divergence based on adaptation to different pollinators is unlikely in Rhinanthus: no relationship was found between floral isolation and the local pollinator assemblage. In contrast, species frequency and spatial arrangement strongly influenced bumblebee behavior, ethological isolation, and thus potentially hybrid formation. When both Rhinanthus were present in equal proportions, bees generally preferred the more rewarding and conspicuous species. However, when the Rhinanthus frequencies were unbalanced, the more abundant species was preferred, although this was less pronounced when the less rewarding R. minor predominated. Ethological isolation is highly sensitive to site characteristics, and can be as high as in species with contrasting floral displays and pollinator suites, even though flowers are similar.
Temporally Programmable Hybrid MOPA Laser with Arbitrary Pulse Shape and Frequency Doubling
<p>Video S1: SBS pulse distortion_40kHz_40ns. Video S2: SBS pulse distortion_100kHz_168ns. Video S3: SBS_freqency shift_100 kHz_168ns.</p>
Data from: Parental frequencies and spatial configuration shape bumblebee behavior and floral isolation in hybridizing Rhinanthus
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Data from: Variation in the frequency and extent of hybridization between Leucosceptrum japonicum and L. stellipilum (Lamiaceae) in the central Japanese mainland
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Data from: Genome-wide analysis of allele frequency change in sunflower crop-wild hybrid populations evolving under natural conditions
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Implications for evolutionary trends from the pairing frequencies among golden-winged and blue-winged warblers and their hybrids
<p>Extensive range loss for the Golden-winged Warbler (<i>Vermivora chrysoptera</i>) has occurred in areas of intrusion by the Blue-winged Warbler (<i>V. cyanoptera</i>) potentially related to their close genetic relationship. We compiled data on social pairing from nine studies for 2,679 resident <i>Vermivora</i> to assess evolutionary divergence. Hybridization between pure phenotypes occurred with 1.2% of resident males for sympatric populations. Pairing success rates for Golden-winged Warblers was 83% and for Blue-winged Warblers was 77%. Pairing success for the hybrid Brewster's Warbler was significantly lower from both species at 54%, showing sexual selection against hybrids. Backcross frequencies for Golden-winged Warblers at 4.9% was significantly higher than for Blue-winged Warblers at 1.7%. More frequent backcrossing by Golden-winged Warblers, which produces hybrid phenotypes, may contribute to the replacement of Golden-winged by Blue-winged Warblers. Reproductive isolation due to behavioral isolation plus sexual selection against hybrids was 0.966. Our analyses suggest that plumage differences are the main driving force for this strong isolation with reduced hybrid fitness contributing to a lesser degree. The major impact of plumage differences to reproductive isolation is compatible with genomic analyses (Toews et al. 2016), which showed the largest genetic difference between these phenotypes occurred with plumage genes. These phenotypes have maintained morphological, behavioral, and ecological differences during two centuries of hybridization. Our estimate of reproductive isolation supports recognition of these phenotypes as two species. The decline and extirpation of the Golden-winged Warbler in almost all areas of recent sympatry suggest that continued coexistence of both species will require eco-geographic isolation.</p> <p> </p> <p> </p>
Dataset for "Linear theory analysis and one-dimensional hybrid simulations of high-frequency EMIC waves in a dipole magnetic field"
<p>Processed dataset to produce the figures in the manuscript</p>
Frequent paternal mitochondrial inheritance and rapid haplotype frequency shifts in copepod hybrids
<p>Mitochondria are assumed to be maternally inherited in most animal species, and this foundational concept has fostered advances in phylogenetics, conservation, and population genetics. Like other animals, mitochondria were thought to be solely maternally inherited in the marine copepod <i>Tigriopus californicus, </i>which has served as a useful model for studying mitonuclear interactions, hybrid breakdown, and environmental tolerance. However, we present PCR, Sanger sequencing, and Illumina Nextera sequencing evidence that extensive paternal mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) transmission is occurring in inter-population hybrids of <i>T. californicus</i>. PCR on four types of crosses between three populations (total sample size of 376 F1 individuals) with 20% genome-wide mitochondrial divergence showed 2% to 59% of F1 hybrids with both paternal and maternal mtDNA, where low and high paternal leakage values were found in different cross directions of the same population pairs. Sequencing methods further verified nucleotide similarities between F1 mtDNA and paternal mtDNA sequences. Interestingly, the paternal mtDNA in F1s from some crosses inherited haplotypes that were uncommon in the paternal population. Compared to some previous research on paternal leakage, we employed more rigorous methods to rule out contamination and false detection of paternal mtDNA due to non-functional nuclear mitochondrial DNA fragments. Our results raise the potential that other animal systems thought to only inherit maternal mitochondria may also have paternal leakage, which would then affect the interpretation of past and future population genetics or phylogenetic studies that rely on mitochondria as uniparental markers.</p>
Implications for evolutionary trends from the pairing frequencies among golden-winged and blue-winged warblers and their hybrids
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Frequent paternal mitochondrial inheritance and rapid haplotype frequency shifts in copepod hybrids
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Use of Low-frequency Magnetic Fields in the Hybrid Treatment of COVID-19 Patients
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT05163613. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 0.
Comparison Between Primary and Secondary Implant Stability of Hybrid Versus Resorbable Blast Media (RBM) Surfaces Using Resonance Frequency Analysis
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT06620315. IPD Sharing: UNDECIDED. Countries: 1. Publications: 0.
Cassini RPWS Electron Densities from Upper Hybrid and Plasma Wave Frequencies
This bundle provides electron number density values derived from features observed in plasma wave data obtained by the Cassini Radio and Plasma Wave Science (RPWS) instruments, along with observed or derived characteristic frequencies, and useful positional parameters for the spacecraft and related bodies. When present, frequency values of narrowband emissions at the upper hybrid resonance were digitized and combined with measured or model magnetic field to derive electron number density. At other times, features such as the upper cutoff in auroral hiss or electron plasma oscillations were used to determine the plasma frequency and electron density.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
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International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.