Find research datasets worth reusing

opencc-by-4.0Nov 2023View details →

Supporting information for "Illuminating the nanostructure of diffuse interfaces: Recent advances and future directions in reflectometry techniques"

This deposition contains the data and analysis (Jupyter notebooks) detailed in Illuminating the nanostructure of diffuse interfaces: Recent advances and future directions in reflectometry techniques. All Jupyter notebooks have also been converted into PDF files for ease of viewing. All data and code (notebooks) required to reproduce the analysis can be found within the "supporting_data_analysis.zip" archive. This archive contains two sub-directories:<ul><li>insituAnalysis<ul><li>Jupyter notebook outlining how to perform the `on-the-fly' analysis.</li><li>Data directory containing all temporally sliced neutron reflectometry data.</li></ul></li><li>MaxEnt<ul><li>Jupyter notebook outlining how to perform the maximum entropy modelling approach for polymer volume fraction profiles.</li><li>Data directory containing relevant neutron reflectometry data and PCHIP spline modelling by Gresham et al. (<a href="www.doi.org/10.1107/S160057672100251X">10.1107/S160057672100251X</a>).</li><li>Code available on the <a href="https://github.com/refnx/refnx-models/tree/master/MaxEntVFP">refnx-models GitHub repo</a>.</li></ul></li></ul>

F I G U R E 3 in The future of fish-based ecological assessment of European rivers: from traditional EU Water Framework Directive compliant methods to eDNA metabarcoding-based approaches

F I G U R E 3 Comparison of trait-based metrics expressed in relative number of individuals computed from eDNA () and traditional electro-fishing (TEF;) samples in the five river stretches (RS), A, B, C, D and E. Trait categories: BEN, benthic; EUR, eurytopic; INS, insectivorous; OMN, omnivorous; PHY, phytophilic; POT, potamodromous; RHE, rheophilic; TOL, tolerant; PEL pelagic. Significance of the differences between eDNA and TEF metrics are shown: ns, not significant (P> 0.05)

F I G U R E 4 in The future of fish-based ecological assessment of European rivers: from traditional EU Water Framework Directive compliant methods to eDNA metabarcoding-based approaches

F I G U R E 4 Boxplots (, median value;, interquartile range;, full range;, outliers) showing the variability in the eDNAadapted fish index (six metrics) computed at three sites (Brangues, Rhins and Usses) where 10 eDNA water samples were collected once. At each site, the eDNA-based six-metric fish index was computed for each of the 45 possible pairs of samples

F I G U R E 2 in The future of fish-based ecological assessment of European rivers: from traditional EU Water Framework Directive compliant methods to eDNA metabarcoding-based approaches

F I G U R E 2 Comparison of trait-based metrics expressed in number of species computed from eDNA () and traditional electrofishing (TEF;) samples in the five river stretches (RS), A, B, C, D and E. Trait categories: BEN, benthic; EUR, eurytopic; INS, insectivorous; OMN, omnivorous; PHY, phytophilic; POT, potamodromous; RHE, rheophilic; TOL, tolerant; PEL pelagic. Significance of the differences between eDNA and TEF metrics are shown: P <0.05; P <0.01; ns, not significant (P> 0.05)

F I G U R E 1 in The future of fish-based ecological assessment of European rivers: from traditional EU Water Framework Directive compliant methods to eDNA metabarcoding-based approaches

F I G U R E 1 Sampling locations along river stretches (RS) A to E () of the main channel of the Rhône River, France, using both traditional electro-fishing (TEF) and eDNA., Sites sampled every 2 months (September 2015– August 2016);, sites where ten eDNA water samples (filtration capsules) were collected once;, sites located on the tributaries or the Rhône River itself sampled once for eDNA. The 10 metric fish index and the adapted six-metric fish index were computed at all sites with a black filled symbol within natural water bodies

Fig. 4 in Myxosporean parasites in Australian frogs: Importance, implications and future directions

Fig. 4. Hypothetical life cycle and transmission routes of Cystodiscus species. Understanding of the life cycle and timing of infection will provide invaluable information to wildlife disease managers to mitigate the impact of myxosporean parasite. The majority of myxosporean parasite life cycles alternate between a vertebrate host and an invertebrate host, in the case of Cystodiscus it is frogs and an unknown invertebrate (green box) (1). The vertebrate host sheds myxospores (grey square, right) that infect an invertebrate host that produces actinospores (grey square, left) (2). Actinospores are the infective stages for vertebrate hosts (frogs). It is unknown at what stage of development amphibians are susceptible to infection (3), Cystodiscus spp. have been found in both tadpoles and adults. It is possible that spawn, tadpole, metamorph or an adult frog can be infected by actinospores (red arrows, green outlined square). It is unknown if infection can be shed during development or if it is passed on during metamorphosis or spawning (blue arrows, green outlined square).

Fig. 2 in Myxosporean parasites in Australian frogs: Importance, implications and future directions

Fig. 2. Emergence of Cystodiscus parasites across eastern Australia from 1960–2011. All locations (red square) represent records for Cystodiscus spp. from one or more frogs. Both published and unpublished data were used to compile the distribution map (Delvinquier, 1986; Hartigan et al., 2010;, 2012a, 2012b, 2012c, 2012d; Supplementary Table 1). The data are split into 1960–1990 (A) and 1991–2011 (B) to show recent records in western New South Wales and South Australia.

Fig. 1 in Myxosporean parasites in Australian frogs: Importance, implications and future directions

Fig. 1. Summary of myxosporean parasites recorded in Australian frogs. The frog species are sorted according to IUCN Red List conservation status [http:// www.iucnredlist.org/], note, the Cane toad (Rhinella marina) is listed as exotic pest species introduced to Australia in 1935. Myxosporean frog host species belong to three out of five frog families present in Australia; genus Litoria (family Hylidae), Limnodynastes (family Myobatrachidae) and Rhinella (family Bufonidae). Distribution for each species in Australia (black) is shown according to Frogs Australia [www.frogs.org.au]. Myxosporean development and myxospores are shown as column under each frog species. For Cystodiscus species either brain (CNS) or liver development is shown in form of a histological section and line drawing of myxospore. Spore measurements according to Hartigan et al. 2012b for C. australis 15·0–18·0 × 8·0–10·0 µm, for C. axonis 13·0–15·0 × 8·0–10·0 µm. For Myxobolus species gonad development is shown in form of a histological section and line drawing of myxospore. Absence of a record of development or myxospores is shown as – not known. Presence of myxospores, but absence of a record of development is shown as – likely (not seen). Development of M. hylae has been published by (Johnston and Bancroft (1918) and (Berger, 2001. Diseases in Australian frogs. PhD thesis, James Cook University, Townsville), but not recorded by authors during 2007–2011. M. fallax spore measurements according to Browne et al. 2002 12.6–14.6 × 8.3–10.6 µm (no noticeable variation between fresh and formalin fixed material). M. hylae myxospores according to Johnston and Bancroft (1918) measured 8–10 × 7–8 µm. L. lesueuri, L. raniformis and L. castanea photos courtesy of David Hunter.

Fig. 3 in Myxosporean parasites in Australian frogs: Importance, implications and future directions

Fig. 3. Cystodiscus species and Myxobolus species of frogs. Worldwide records of described Cystodiscus species (blue) based on gallbladder myxospores and Myxobolus species (orange) based on myxospores in gonad of amphibians. Note: Only descriptions down to species level are included, i.e., Myxobolus sp. are not included.

opencc-by-4.0Aug 2006View details →

Figure 2 in Mating behavior of nemerteans: present knowledge and future directions

Figure 2. Schematic representation of compact-headed (primitive) and elongate-headed (modified) sperm of nemerteans. Modified after Stricker and Folsom (1998).

opencc-by-4.0Aug 2006View details →

Figure 1 in Mating behavior of nemerteans: present knowledge and future directions

Figure 1. Female Lineus viridis with two males immediately after fertilization and deposition of mucus cocoon. Photo courtesy of K. Reise (Wattenmeerstation List/Sylt, Germany).

opencc-by-4.0Dec 2022View details →

Deep margin elevation – present status and future directions

BibTex database file, containing the records identified in the electronic search, and the datasets generated and analyzed in this article on deep margin elevation. Information on the risk of bias of included studies is presented in supplementary tables (Tables S1-S38 and Questionnaire SQ1). The ROBFEAD, MINORS, RoBDEMAT, and AMSTAR tools were used for in silico studies, clinical studies, in vitro studies, and reviews respectively. The CASP qualitative research checklist was used for healthcare survey studies.

dryad36/100

Experimental infection of bumble bees with honey bee associated viruses: no direct fitness costs but potential future threats to novel wild bee hosts

Pathogen spill-over represents an important cause of biodiversity decline. For wild bee species such as bumble bees, many of which are in decline, correlational data point toward viral spill-over from naged honey bees as a potential cause. Yet impacts of honey bee viruses on wild bees are rarely evaluated. Here, in a series of highly controlled laboratory infection assays with well characterised viral inocula, we show that three viral types isolated from honey bees (Deformed wing virus genotype A, Deformed wing virus genotype B and Black queen cell virus) readily replicate within hosts of the bumble bee Bombus terrestris. Impacts of these honey bee-derived viruses – either injected or fed – on the mortality of B. terrestris workers were, however, negligible and likely dependent on host condition. Our results highlight the potential threat of viral spill-over from honey bees to novel wild bee species, though they also underscore the importance of additional studies on this and other non- bee species under field-realistic conditions to evaluate whether pathogen spill-over has a negative impact on wild bee individuals and population fitness.

opencc-zeroJul 2020View details →

dryad36/100

Coral restoration – a systematic review of current methods, successes, failures and future directions

Coral reef ecosystems have suffered an unprecedented loss of habitat-forming hard corals in recent decades. While marine conservation has historically focused on passive habitat protection, demand for and interest in active restoration has been growing in recent decades. However, a disconnect between coral restoration practitioners, coral reef managers and scientists has resulted in a disjointed field where it is difficult to gain an overview of existing knowledge. To address this, we aimed to synthesise the available knowledge in a comprehensive global review of coral restoration methods, incorporating data from the peer-reviewed scientific literature, complemented with grey literature and through a survey of coral restoration practitioners. We found that coral restoration case studies are dominated by short-term projects, with 60% of all projects reporting less than 18 months of monitoring of the restored sites. Similarly, most projects are relatively small in spatial scale, with a median size of restored area of 100 m2. A diverse range of species are represented in the dataset, with 229 different species from 72 coral genera. Overall, coral restoration projects focused primarily on fast-growing branching corals (59% of studies), and report survival between 60 and 70%. To date, the relatively young field of coral restoration has been plagued by similar 'growing pains' as ecological restoration in other ecosystems. These include 1) a lack of clear and achievable objectives, 2) a lack of appropriate and standardised monitoring and reporting and, 3) poorly designed projects in relation to stated objectives. Mitigating these will be crucial to successfully scale up projects, and to retain public trust in restoration as a tool for resilience based management. Finally, while it is clear that practitioners have developed effective methods to successfully grow corals at small scales, it is critical not to view restoration as a replacement for meaningful action on climate change.

opencc-zeroJan 2020View details →

opencc-by-4.0Oct 2022View details →

Music Data, Archiving for Community Use and Future Directions Through the Decade of Indigenous Languages

Music Data, Archiving for Community Use and Future Directions Through the Decade of Indigenous Languages Linda Barwick Presented 5 October 2022 at the international conference "Where Do We Need to Go From Here?" Language Documentation and Archiving in the International Decade of Indigenous Languages

opencc-by-4.0Oct 2023View details →

Financial Literacy among Young College Students: Advancements and Future Directions

Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.

opencc-by-4.0Apr 2022View details →

Wind Data for Station-wise assessment of wind speed and direction under future climates across the United States

This study employs statistical techniques to evaluate climate model performance in wind speed and direction and their projected future changes under the representative concentration pathway (RCP) 8.5 scenario over inland and offshore across the Continental United States (CONUS). It extends the scope of existing studies by characterizing the changes of the full range of the joint wind speed and direction distribution via a conditional approach. Projected uncertainties associated with different climate models and model internal variability are investigated and compared with the climate change signal to quantify the statistical significance of the future projections. The proposed conditional approach provides a better way to characterize the directional wind speed distributions that offers additional insights for the joint assessment of speed and direction.  WRF data: We focus on seasonal (December-January-February (winter hereafter) and June-July-August (summer hereafter) statistics computed from the 3-hourly RCM outputs on both wind speed and direction over ten locations with different local topological features. We use three WRF simulations driven by Community Climate System Model 4 (CCSM4), the Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory Earth System Model 2 (GFDL-ESM2G), and the Hadley Centre Global Environment Model version 2 (HadGEM2-ES). These three GCMs represent a range of climate sensitivities that encompasses most of the coupled model intercomparison project phase 5 (CMIP5) GCMs when projecting future temperature changes. In this work, we focus on RCP 8.5 scenario for future projections. A 16-member ensemble of one-year of RCM simulation using bias corrected CCSM-driven WRF is also generated for analyzing the uncertainty due to the RCM's internal variability (IV).  Benchmark data: Reanalysis data are used as a verification dataset in order to evaluate the RCMs' wind conditions under study for the historical time period. For the seven inland locations, we use the second phase of the  multi-institution North American Land Data Assimilation System project, phase 2, at a spatial resolution of 12 km and hourly resolution. NLDAS-2 is an offline data assimilation system featuring uncoupled land surface models driven by observation-based atmospheric forcing. The non-precipitation land surface forcing fields for NLDAS-2 are derived from the analysis fields of the NCEP North American Regional Reanalysis (NARR). NARR analysis fields are at a 32-km spatial resolution and 3-hourly temporal frequency. In-situ measurement: Since reanalysis data can present errors and uncertainties, ground measurements and offshore buoy measurements are used to consolidate the evaluation of RCMs' wind conditions for inland and offshore locations in historical climates. Observational data are extracted from the Automated Surface Observing System (ASOS) network that consists stations covers the U.S. territory, available at ftp://ftp.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/asos-onemin. The offshore downscaled wind speeds from the historical decade are compared with National Data Buoy Center (NDBC) buoy observations of near-surface wind velocities available at https://www.ndbc.noaa.gov. The observed winds at the NBDC anemometers are adjusted to 10-m above ground height and at 3-hourly rate.