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157 results for “gas exchange”
Soil Gas Exchange in the Clearcut Site at Harvard Forest 2011-2013
Soil CO2 efflux was measured at the clear cut site beginning in 2011. That year a nearby spruce site was also measured for comparison. Soil respiration was measured in 2011 and 2012 with the LI-COR 6200 instrument and soil efflux was calculated later in the lab. In 2013 soil respiration was measured with the LI-COR 6400 instrument, which computed the fluxes internally. In 2012 three trenched plots were established at the clear cut site. Those were established by trenching a 2 x 2 meter perimeter to a depth of about 50 cm, severing any roots. The trenches were lined with heavy duty landscaping cloth and backfilled. Soil collars were installed in the middle of the trenched plots and measured in 2012 (1 large one used with the LI-6200 machine) and in 2013 (two smaller ones used with the LI-6400 machine). Sampling points were scattered around the site, along vegetation transects (near the EC tower, across the fire access road).
Leaf Gas Exchange in the Clearcut Site at Harvard Forest 2010-2012
Clearcutting a forest ecosystem can result in a drastic reduction of the stand’s productivity. Despite the severity of this disturbance type, past studies have found that the productivity of young regenerating stands can quickly rebound, approaching that of mature undisturbed stands within a few years. One of the obvious reasons is increased leaf area with each year of recovery. However, a less obvious reason may be the variability in species composition and distribution during the natural regeneration process. The purpose of this study was to investigate to what extent the increase in GEP, observed during the first four years of recovery, in a naturally regenerating clearcut stand was due to 1) an overall expansion of leaf area, and 2) an increase in the canopy’s photosynthetic capacity stemming from either species compositional shifts or drift in physiological traits within species. We found that the multi-year rise in GEP following harvest was clearly attributed to the expansion of leaf area rather than a change in vegetation composition. Sizeable changes in relative abundance of species were masked by remarkably similar leaf physiological attributes for a range of vegetation types present in this early successional environment. Comparison of upscaled leaf-chamber to eddy-covariance-based light-response curves revealed broad consistency in both maximum photosynthetic capacity and quantum yield efficiency. The approaches presented here illustrate how chamber- and ecosystem-scale measurements of gas exchange can be blended with species-level leaf area data to draw conclusive inferences about changes in ecosystem processes over time in a highly dynamic environment.
Gas exchange velocities (k600), gas exchange rates (K600), and hydraulic geometries for streams and rivers derived from the NEON Reaeration field and lab collection data product (DP1.20190.001)
This dataset contains estimates of gas exchange velocity, gas exchange rate, and hydraulic parameters for streams calculated from tracer-gas experiments and conservative tracer injections collected by the National Ecological Observatory Network (NEON). All input data were collected by NEON and is available on the NEON data portal at https://data.neonscience.org. Specifically, the NEON Reaeration field and lab collection data product (DP1.20190.001) was used to calculate these estimates. Gas exchange was estimated in two ways: first, following an unpooled frequentist approach and second, following a partially pooled Bayesian approach. In addition, a salt-correction was applied to gas exchange estimates for sites where it was possible and necessary. All estimates of gas exchange are included in the file gasExchange_ds.csv. A recommended selection of these estimates is included in the dataset (best_k600_mPerDay and best_K600_mPerDay). The stanfit objects used for the partially pooled Bayesian approach are also included as site-specific model objects for gas exchange velocities and rates. In addition, water velocity was calculated from conservative tracer injections, and mean water depth was calculated from these water velocity estimates and measurements of wetted width and water discharge. All hydraulic parameters are included in the file hydraulics_ds.csv. All processing code is available in the reaRates R package. NEON is sponsored by the National Science Foundation (NSF) and operated under cooperative agreement by Battelle. This material is based in part upon work supported by NSF through the NEON Program.
Black Rock Forest Spring Freeze Defoliation Radial Growth and Leaf-Level Gas Exchange
These data are from a study conducted at Black Rock Forest in Cornwall, New York, USA during 2020 and 2021. This study was conduct to assess the ecophysiological responses of red oak (Quercus rubra) and red maple (Acer rubrum) trees in a temperate broadleaf forests to a spring frost in 2020 that that defoliated red oak trees, but not red maples. We used 2021—a year without a defoliation event—as a reference year. The datasets include tree-level measurements of (1) basal area increment for the early growing season, late growing season, and entire growing season and (2) leaf-level gas exchange (Amax, gsw, and WUE) for red oak (Quercus rubra) and red maple (Acer rubrum). These data are associated with the manuscript “Compensatory Responses of Leaf Physiology Reduce Effects of Spring Frost Defoliation on Temperate Forest Tree Carbon Uptake” by Reinmann et al.2023 in Frontiers in Forests and Global Change.
Effect of the aspen leaf miner feeding damage on aspen leaf gas exchange and water relations from south-facing site on the University of Alaska Fairbanks campus: Fairbanks, Alaska 2018
This dataset addresses the effects of epidermal leaf mining by the aspen leaf miner (Phyllocnistis populiella) on the physiology and water relations of aspen leaves. The dataset contains measurements of gas exchange, water potential, water content, and delta13C of aspen leaves manipulated to bear leaf mining damage on the top (adaxial) leaf surface only, the bottom (abaxial) leaf surface only, or no mining damage.
FCE LTER Taylor Slough/Panhandle-7 Site Scrub Red Mangrove (Rhizophora mangle) Leaf Gas Exchange Data, Florida, USA from January-December 2019
Rates of leaf gas exchange were measured monthly during the 2019 calendar year in a scrub Red mangrove (Rhizophora mangle (L.) L.) forest site (TS/Ph-7) near the mouth of Taylor River in southeastern Florida Everglades. Sampling of green mature leaves was designed to target scrub mangrove tree branches growing on slightly higher elevation mangrove island centers versus permanently inundated island edge habitats. Concurrent measurements of water depth and surface and porewater salinity were collected at each of the mangrove island habitats, with the research objective of assessing the effect of physicochemical variables on rates of leaf gas exchange (i.e., assimilation and stomatal conductance). Leaf gas exchange data were collected using the Li-6800 portable photosynthesis system (Li-COR, Lincoln, NE). Additional data on leaf functional traits and nutrient concentrations and environmental data from the site are included. Data are presented in five datasets (.csv).
Multiple Element Limitation in Northern Hardwood Ecosystems (MELNHE): Sugar Maple Sap Sweetness and Nutrients, and Foliar Gas Exchange and Nutrients, 2013
Sugar maple (Acer saccharum Marsh.) sap sweetness and elemental concentrations, foliar gas exchange, and foliar elemental concentrations were measured in 2013 in Bartlett Experimental Forest stands C6, C8, and C9 and Jeffers Brook stands JBM and JBO. In February and March 2013, sugar maples were sampled for sap sweetness and elemental concentrations of potassium (K), aluminum (Al), calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), manganese (Mn), phosphorus (P), and strontium (Sr). In July 2013, leaves from four sugar maple trees per plot, representing the two highest and lowest sap sugar concentrations, were sampled for foliar gas exchange and foliar elemental analyses of Ca, K, Mn, P, nitrogen (N), and silicon (Si). Additional detail on the MELNHE project, including a datatable of site descriptions and a pdf file with the project description and diagram of plot configuration can be found in this data package: https://portal.edirepository.org/nis/mapbrowse?scope=knb-lter-hbr&identifier=344 These data were gathered as part of the Hubbard Brook Ecosystem Study (HBES). The HBES is a collaborative effort at the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest, which is operated and maintained by the USDA Forest Service, Northern Research Station.
Data from: Oxygen limited thermal tolerance is seen in a plastron breathing insect, and can be induced in a bimodal gas exchanger
<p>Dataset on respiration and ctmax in two freshwater bugs, associated with the paper:<br> <strong>Verberk WCEP & Bilton DT (2015) </strong>Oxygen limited thermal tolerance is seen in a plastron breathing insect, and can be induced in a bimodal gas exchanger. <em>Journal of Experimental Biology </em>218: 2083-2088. doi: 10.1242/jeb.119560</p>
Seasonal trends in leaf level physiological parameters, obtained through gas exchange, reflectance spectroscopy and, functional trait analysis
This data package contains leaf level gas exchange, reflectance spectroscopy, and functional trait measurements collected in six common deciduous tree species across the full 2021 growth season (May -October) at the Black Rock Forest in Cornwall, New York, USA. Branches were sampled predawn using the shotgun method of branch retrieval, and re-cut under water to preserve hydraulic function before transport to the lab. Gas exchange data included in this package are stomatal response curves (irradiance response) which can be used to estimate stomatal slope and intercept. Spectroscopic data are full-range (350 – 2500 nm) leaf reflectance spectra collected on all leaves sampled for gas exchange and traits. Leaf level trait measurements include leaf mass per area (LMA), leaf dry matter content (LDMC), elemental nitrogen and carbon expressed on a per mass basis, and fitted values of Asat, Vcmax, and Rdark scaled to a reference temperature of 25C. Data from these three data tables (stomatal responce, spectra, leaf traits) can be cross referenced using the unique SampleID. Additional data tables include stomatal anatomy (stomatal density, length, and width of the guard cells), hydraulic properties estimated from pressure volume curves (relative water deficit at the turgor loss point), and predawn water potential for all sampled branches. Site level data includes the dGPS location of each sampled tree, its species, and DBH. Each tabular data file (*.csv) is accompanied by a data description (*_dd.csv) which includes relevant metadata (unit, definition, data type). Copies of all raw instrument output (spectroradiometer, LICOR, pressure chamber) and included as .zip files.
Dataset from "Quantifying air-sea gas exchange using noble gases in a coastal upwelling zone"
<p>Dataset of dissolved noble gas (He, Ne, Ar, Kr, and Xe) measurements in Monterey Bay, CA. Published as a supplement to: Manning, C.C., R.H.R. Stanley, D.P. Nicholson, and M.E. Squibb (2016). Quantifying air-sea gas exchange using noble gases in a coastal upwelling zone. <em>IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science</em>, 35, 012017 (13 pp). doi: 10.1088/1755-1315/35/1/012017</p>
Data from: Promoting success in thin layer sediment placement: effects of sediment grain size and amendments on salt marsh plant growth and greenhouse gas exchange
<p>Thin layer sediment placement (TLP) is a method to mitigate factors resulting in loss of elevation and severe alteration of hydrology, such as sea level rise and anthropogenic modifications, and prolong the lifespan of drowning salt marshes. However, TLP success may vary due to plant stress associated with reductions in nutrient availability and hydrologic flushing or through the creation of acid sulfate soils. This study examined the influence of sediment grain size and soil amendments on plant growth, soil and porewater characteristics, and greenhouse gas exchange for three key US salt marsh plants: <em>Spartina alterniflora, Spartina patens, </em>and <em>Salicornia pacifica. </em>We found that bioavailable nitrogen concentrations (measured as extractable NH<sub>4</sub><sup>+</sup>-N) and porewater pH and salinity were found to have an inverse relationship with grain size, while soil redox was more reducing in finer sediments. This suggests that utilizing finer sediments in TLP projects will result in a more reduced environment with higher nutrient availability, while larger grain-sized sediments will be better flushed and oxidized. We further found that grain size had a significant effect on vegetation biomass allocation and rates of gas exchange, although these effects were species-specific. We found that soil amendments (biochar and compost) did not subsidize plant growth but were associated with increases in soil respiration and methane emissions. Biochar amendments were additionally ineffective in ameliorating acid sulfate conditions. This study uncovers complex interactions between sediment type and vegetation, emphasizing limitations of soil amendments. The findings aid restoration project managers in making informed decisions regarding sediment type, target vegetation, and soil amendments for successful TLP projects.</p>
Gnuplot scripts for plotting selected leaf gas exchange and morphological data of industrial hemp
<p>Gnuplot code (scripts) for reproducing the eight figures of Sunoj et al. 2025 "Foliar gas exchange, morphology, and cannabinoid contents of three hemp varieties in southwest Texas," Agrosystems, Geosciences & Environment, 8, e70101. https://doi.org/10.1002/agg2.70101. Here is a list of the authors of the manuscript: John Sunoj V. S. (1), Xuejun Dong (1), Madhumita Joshi (1), Russell W. Jessup (2), Daniel I. Leskovar (1), and David D. Baltensperger (2). Texas A&M AgriLife Research at Uvalde, Texas, USA (1); Department of Soil and Crop Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA (2).</p> <p>The revised upload includes updated gnuplot scripts for reproducing Figures 2, 3, and 8, and Supplemental Figures 1-5 and Supplemental Tables 1-5 of the accepted manuscript by AGE.</p> <p>Code and data to reproduce Figure 2 (pnf_rev.eps): pn_dat_rev.txt, pnf_rev.txt</p> <p>Code and data to reproduce Figure 3 (fmf_rev.eps): fm_dat.txt, fm_rev.txt</p> <p>Code and data to reproduce Figure 8 (allom_1.eps): allom_1.txt, allom_data.csv</p> <p> </p> <p> </p> <p> </p> <p> </p>
Experimental performance evaluation of supercritical CO2 in brazed plate heat exchangers of the tri-partite gas cooler
<p>The experimental data of three brazed plate <a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/engineering/heat-exchanger">heat exchangers</a> serving as the gas coolers in a CO<sub>2</sub> system are investigated. The heat exchangers function for the DHW reheating, SH heating, and DHW preheating. The effects of the CO<sub>2</sub> <a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/engineering/inlet-pressure">inlet pressure</a>, CO<sub>2</sub> <a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/engineering/inlet-temperature">inlet temperature</a>, CO<sub>2 </sub><a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/engineering/mass-flowrate">mass flow rate</a>, water inlet temperature, and water <a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/engineering/mass-flowrate">mass flow rate</a> are analyzed. The system is operated and the experimental data are collected under three modes: DHW operation, SH operation and DHW+SH operation.</p> <p>Experimental data is linked to deliverable number: D4.3.</p>
Lattice Boltzmann simulation of liquid water transport in gas diffusion layers of proton exchange membrane fuel cells: Impact of gas diffusion layer and microporous layer degradation on effective transport properties
<p><span>Underlying data to publication Sarkezi-Selsky et al., <em>J. Pow. Sour.</em> 556 (2023) 232415,<span> https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2022.232415</span> <br><br>Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cells (PEMFCs) represent a promising technology for clean drivetrain solutions, in particular for heavy-duty applications. However, lifetime requirements demand high durability of each cell component.<br></span><span>In this work, transport of liquid water through pristine and degraded gas diffusion layers (GDL) was simulated with a 3D Color-Gradient Lattice Boltzmann model. The GDL microstructure was reconstructed </span><span>from high-resolution X-ray micro-computed tomography (</span><span>μ</span><span>-CT) of an impregnated Freudenberg H14. The </span><span>effect of a microporous layer (MPL) was considered by reconstruction of an impregnated and MPL-coated H14. Aged microstructures were generated artificially, assuming loss of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) within the GDL and increase of MPL macroporosity as main degradation mechanisms. Liquid water transport within aged microstructures was simulated by imposing a liquid phase flow rate until breakthrough was reached. Subsequently, the GDL microstructures were analyzed for their breakthrough characteristics by means of saturation and effective gas transport properties. When the MPL was pristine, no distinct GDL degradation effect was observable, this was attributed to the MPL dominating capillary transport. MPL aging, however, led to increased saturations and thus to a deterioration of the effective gas transport. With a partially degraded MPL, aging of the GDL then appeared to affect the breakthrough characteristics.</span></p>
Figure 5 in Paclobutrazol reduces growth and increases chlorophyll indices and gas exchanges of basil (Ocimum basilicum)
Figure 5. Stomatal conductance (A), net photosynthesis (B), transpiration (C), internal carbon concentration (D), instantaneous water use efficiency (E), intrinsic water use efficiency (F) and instantaneous carboxylation efficiency (G) of basil plants (Ocimum basilicum var. Cinnamon) under paclobutrazol application.
Figure 1 in Paclobutrazol reduces growth and increases chlorophyll indices and gas exchanges of basil (Ocimum basilicum)
Figure 1. Effect of paclobutrazol application on the growth of basil plants (Ocimum basilicum var. Cinnamon).
Figure 7 in Paclobutrazol reduces growth and increases chlorophyll indices and gas exchanges of basil (Ocimum basilicum)
Figure 7. Canonical variables analysis with confidence ellipses for growth variables (A and B), chlorophyll indices (C) and gas exchange (D and E). PBZ= paclobutrazol; NL= number of leaves; LDM= leaf dry mass; SDM= stem dry mass; PH= plant height; SD= stem diameter; IMR= inflorescence mass ratio; SMR= stem mass ratio; LMR= leaf mass ratio; RQ= robustness quotient; Ca= chlorophyll a; Cb=chlorophyll b; Ca/b= chlorophyll a/b ratio.
Figure 6 in Paclobutrazol reduces growth and increases chlorophyll indices and gas exchanges of basil (Ocimum basilicum)
Figure 6. Pearson's correlation between the analyzed variables. PH= plant height; SD=diameter; NL= number of leaves; LDM= leaf dry mass; SDM= stem dry mass; IDM= inflorescence dry mass; IMR= inflorescence mass ratio; SMR= stem mass ratio; LMR= leaf mass ratio; RQ= robustness quotient; Ca= chlorophyll a; Cb= chlorophyll b; tC= total chlorophyll; Cab= chlorophyll a/b ratio.
Figure 4. Chlorophyll a in Paclobutrazol reduces growth and increases chlorophyll indices and gas exchanges of basil (Ocimum basilicum)
Figure 4. Chlorophyll a (A), chlorophyll b (B), total chlorophyll (C) and chlorophyll a/b ratio (D) of basil plants (Ocimum basilicum var. Cinnamon) under paclobutrazol application.
Figure 2 in Root deformation affects mineral nutrition but not leaf gas exchange and growth of Genipa americana seedlings during the recovery phase after soil flooding
Figure 2. Concentrations of P in leaves for G. americana seedlings without or with root deformation (RD) after 28 days of soil drainage (recovery). N = 3. Means followed by the same letter are not significantly different according to Tukey's test (p <0.05). Capital letters represent comparisons water effects within root conditions and lower case letters represent comparisons of roots effects within water conditions.
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Allen Brain Atlas
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