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288 results for “genetic polymorphism”
LA1141 × OH8245 inbred backcross (IBC) single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers for genetic studies
<p>The LA1141 × OH8245 157 polymorphic SNP markers from an optimized tomato panel Sim et al., 2012 were used for linkage map construction in the BC<sub>2</sub>S<sub>3</sub> IBC and composite interval mapping QTL analysis. Genetic map position and physical position corresponding to Sl4.0 (Hosmani et al., 2019), and flanking sequences are provided.</p>
Geographical gradients of genetic diversity and differentiation among the southernmost marginal populations of Abies sachalinensis revealed by EST-SSR polymorphism
Research Highlights: We detected the longitudinal gradients of genetic diversity parameters, such as the number of alleles, effective number of alleles, heterozygosity, and inbreeding coefficient, and found that these might be attributable to climatic conditions, such as temperature and snow depth. Background and Objectives: Genetic diversity among local populations of a plant species at its distributional margin has long been of interest in ecological genetics. Populations at the distribution center grow well in favorable conditions, but those at the range margins are exposed to unfavorable environments, and the environmental conditions at establishment sites might reflect the genetic diversity of local populations. This is known as the central-marginal hypothesis in which marginal populations show lower genetic variation and higher differentiation than do central populations. In addition, genetic variation in a local population is influenced by phylogenetic constraints and the population history of selection under environmental constraints. In this study, we investigated this hypothesis in relation to Abies sachalinensis, a major conifer species in Hokkaido. Materials and methods: A total of 1,189 trees from 25 natural populations were analyzed using 19 EST-SSR loci. Results: The eastern populations; namely, those in the species distribution center, showed greater genetic diversity than did the western peripheral populations. Another important finding is that the southwestern marginal populations were highly differentiated from the other populations. Conclusions: These differences might be due to genetic drift in the small and isolated populations at the range margin. Therefore, our results indicated that the central-marginal hypothesis held true for the southernmost A. sachalinensis populations in Hokkaido.
Data from: Association genetics of growth and adaptive traits in loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) using whole-exome-discovered polymorphisms
In the United States, forest genetics research began over 100 years ago and loblolly pine breeding programs were established in the 1950s. However, the genetics underlying complex traits of loblolly pine remains to be discovered. To address this, adaptive and growth traits were measured and analyzed in a clonally tested loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) population. Over 2.8 million single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers detected from exome sequencing were used to test for single locus associations, SNP-SNP interactions and correlation of individual heterozygosity with phenotypic traits. A total of 36 SNP-trait associations were found for specific leaf area (5 SNPs), branch angle (2), crown width (3), stem diameter (4), total height (9), carbon isotope discrimination (4), nitrogen concentration (2), and pitch canker resistance traits (7). Eleven SNP-SNP interactions were found to be associated with branch angle (1 SNP-SNP interaction), crown width (2), total height (2), carbon isotope discrimination (2), nitrogen concentration (1), and pitch canker resistance (3). Non-additive effects imposed by dominance and epistasis account for a large fraction of the genetic variance for the quantitative traits. Genes that contain the identified SNPs have a wide spectrum of functions. Individual heterozygosity positively correlated with water use efficiency and nitrogen concentration. In conclusion, multiple effects identified in this study influence the performance of loblolly pines, provide resources for understanding the genetic control of complex traits, and have potential value for assessing with breeding through marker assisted selection and genomic selection.
Germline CpG methylation signatures in the human population inferred from genetic polymorphism
<p>This repository contains data released accompanying the manuscript "Germline CpG methylation signatures in the human population inferred from genetic polymorphism". </p>
F I G U R E 3 A in A low-density single nucleotide polymorphism panel for brown trout (Salmo trutta L.) suitable for exploring genetic diversity at a range of spatial scales
F I G U R E 3 A priori discriminant analysis of principal components (DAPC) plot of Camel trout. Each point represents the genotype of an individual fish, with centroids for each site labelled. Discriminant function 1 (DF1) is represented by the x axis, and discriminant function 2 (DF2) by the y-axis
F I G U R E 1 in A low-density single nucleotide polymorphism panel for brown trout (Salmo trutta L.) suitable for exploring genetic diversity at a range of spatial scales
F I G U R E 1 Map showing the location of rivers sampled for brown trout within the UK, France and Ireland. The left panel shows the rivers used to assess the performance of the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) panel at characterising genetic parameters within and outside the target region. The top right (blue) panel shows the locations of the four sampled rivers in Mount's Bay, Cornwall (Case Study 1). The bottom right (red) panel shows the location of the sample locations in the Camel catchment (Case Study 2). The red box within the bottom right panel gives the position of the impassable De Lank quarry site
F I G U R E 2 A in A low-density single nucleotide polymorphism panel for brown trout (Salmo trutta L.) suitable for exploring genetic diversity at a range of spatial scales
F I G U R E 2 A priori discriminant analysis of principal components (DAPC) of trout genotypes from rivers flowing into Mount's Bay, Cornwall. Individuals are represented by individual points, with centroids for each river labelled. Discriminant function 1 (DF1) is represented by the x axis, and discriminant function 2 (DF2) by the y-axis
F I G U R E 4 in A low-density single nucleotide polymorphism panel for brown trout (Salmo trutta L.) suitable for exploring genetic diversity at a range of spatial scales
F I G U R E 4 Correlation between geographic distance (km) against genetic distance (linear FST) for the trout samples from the River Camel. The red points represent those between the De Lank and all other sites, the black points for all pair-wise comparisons excluding the De Lank. Linear regression for all sites including the De Lank is given by the red line (r2 = 0.321, P = 0.231), and linear regression for all pair-wise sites excluding the De Lank is given by the black line (r2 = 0.658, P = 0.0671)
Genetic polymorphisms in COMT and BDNF influence synchronization dynamics of human neuronal oscillations
<p>Neuronal oscillations, their inter-areal synchronization, and scale-free dynamics constitute fundamental mechanisms for cognition by regulating communication in neuronal networks. These oscillatory dynamics have large inter-individual variability that is partly heritable. We hypothesized that this variability could be partially explained by genetic polymorphism in neuromodulatory genes. We recorded resting-state magnetoencephalography (MEG) from 82 healthy participants and investigated whether oscillation dynamics were influenced by genetic polymorphisms in Catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) Val<sup>158</sup>Met and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) Val<sup>66</sup>Met. Both COMT and BDNF polymorphisms influenced local oscillation amplitudes and their long-range temporal correlations (LRTCs), while only BDNF polymorphism affected the strength of large-scale synchronization. Our findings demonstrate that COMT and BDNF genetic polymorphisms contribute to inter-individual variability in neuronal oscillation dynamics. Comparison of these results to computational modeling of near-critical synchronization dynamics further suggested that COMT and BDNF polymorphisms influenced local oscillations by modulating the excitation-inhibition balance according to the brain criticality framework.</p>
Data accompanying Polyphenisms and polymorphisms: genetic variation in plasticity and color variation within and among bluefin killifish populations
<p>The presence of stable color polymorphisms within populations begs the question of how genetic variation is maintained. Consistent variation among populations in coloration, especially when correlated with environmental variation, raises questions about whether environmental conditions affect either the fulcrum of those balanced polymorphisms, the plastic expression of coloration, or both. Color patterns in male bluefin killifish provoke both types of questions. Red and yellow morphs are common in all populations. Blue males are more common in tannin-stained swamps relative to clear springs. Here we combined crosses with a manipulation of light to explore how genetic variation and phenotypic plasticity shape these patterns. We found that the variation in coloration is attributable mainly to two axes of variation: (1) a red-yellow axis with yellow being dominant to red, and (2) a blue axis that can override red-yellow and is controlled by genetics, phenotypic plasticity, and genetic variation for phenotypic plasticity. The variation among populations in plasticity suggests it is adaptive in some populations but not others. The variation among sires in plasticity within the swamp population suggests balancing selection may be acting not only on the red-yellow polymorphism but also on plasticity for blue coloration.</p>
Figure 2 in Variations in heterochromatin content reveal important polymorphisms for studies of genetic improvement in garlic (Allium sativum L.)
Figure 2. Idiograms of the accessions "Sussuapara - PI" (A), "Santo Antônio de Lisboa - PI" (B), "Catetinho do Paraná 1254" (C), "Branco Mineiro - PI" (D), "Cateto Roxo 99" (E), "Roxo de Minas" (F), and "Sergipe" (G). Yellow dash and circle represent the CMA+/DAPI- band. Chromosomal order (CO), chromosome morphology (CM), metacentric (M), submetacentric (SM), short arm (p), and long arm (q). Vertical bar in karyogram and ideogram = 10 µm.
Figure 1. Allium sativum L in Variations in heterochromatin content reveal important polymorphisms for studies of genetic improvement in garlic (Allium sativum L.)
Figure 1. Allium sativum L.cytological data obtained by conventional Giemsa staining.Prophase and interphase nucleus (A), prometaphase (B), and metaphase (C) obtained with the use of antimitotic. Mitotic cycle is shown in d-f: anaphase (D), end of anaphase (E), and telophase (F). Dots and red arrow indicate the distended nucleolar organiser region (NOR). Bar = 10 µm.
Fig. 2 in Population Genetics Of Philaenus Spumarius On The Istranca Mountains: Ii. Polymorphism And Phenotype Frequency
Fig. 2. The chart for the combined four major phenotype categories of Philaenus spumarius showing the frequency distributions on the Istranca Mountains, Turkey. From left to right, three groups of bars blank, dotted hatched, and dark coloured bars of the diagrams indicate POP, TYP, TRI+VIT, and melanic (MAR+LAT+FLA+LCE). The height of the bar indicates the percentage (numbers are given at
Fig. 1 in Population Genetics Of Philaenus Spumarius On The Istranca Mountains: Ii. Polymorphism And Phenotype Frequency
Fig. 1. Dorsal colour/pattern phenotypes of Philaenus spumarius found on the Istranca Mountains, Turkey (abbreviations are described in the text)
Fig. 3 in Population Genetics Of Philaenus Spumarius On The Istranca Mountains: Ii. Polymorphism And Phenotype Frequency
Fig. 3. Combined phenotype frequency distributions of Philaenus spumarius for three types of habitat on the Istranca Mountains, Turkey. Separate diagrams for females and males denote the habitats from top to the bottom: Mixed, Oak, and Beech forests respectively. From left to right, the bars of the diagrams indicate; 1: POP, 2: TYP, 3: TRI+VIT, 4: MAR+LAT, 5: FLA+LCE. The height of the bar
Fig. 2 in Genetically Determined Colour Polymorphism In Larvae Of Ceriagrion Chaoi (Insecta: Odonata: Coenagrionidae)
Fig. 2. Alignment of 454 bp partial sequences 16S rDNA of representative Ceriagrion chaoi and Ceriagrion cerinorubellum. CCHA1 = adult female of C. chaoi; CCHA2 = female exuvia of C. chaoi; CCHA4 = male brown larva of C. chaoi; CCHA6 = male black larva of C. chaoi; CCHA13 = dark larva* of C. chaoi; CCHA15 = brown larva* of C. chaoi; CCHA16 = brown larva of C. chaoi; CCER1 = C. cerinorubellum. *sex not determined.
Fig. 7 in A new polymorphic species of Leptochelia (Crustacea: Tanaidacea) from Guinea Bissau, West Africa, with comments on genetic variation within Leptochelia
Fig. 7. Leptochelia africana sp. n., secondary male, paratype: (A) cheliped; (B) pereopod 1; (C) pereopod 2; (D) pereopod 3; (E) pereopod 4; (F) pereopod 5; (G) pereopod 6. Scale bar = 1.0 mm.
Fig. 3 in A new polymorphic species of Leptochelia (Crustacea: Tanaidacea) from Guinea Bissau, West Africa, with comments on genetic variation within Leptochelia
Fig. 3. Leptochelia africana sp. n., female, paratype: (A) cheliped; (B) pereopod 1; (C) pereopod 2; (D) pereopod 3; (E) pereopod 4; (F) pereopod 5; (G) pereopod 6; (H) pereopod 6, propodus/dactylus. Scale bars = 0.5 mm (A–G) and 0.1 mm (H).
Fig. 2 in A new polymorphic species of Leptochelia (Crustacea: Tanaidacea) from Guinea Bissau, West Africa, with comments on genetic variation within Leptochelia
Fig. 2. Leptochelia africana sp. n., female, paratype: (A) labrum, dorsal view; (B) same, lateral view; (C) left mandible; (D) right mandible; (E) labium; (F) maxillule; (G) maxilla; (H) maxilliped; (I) epignath. Scale bar = 0.1 mm.
Fig. 6 in A new polymorphic species of Leptochelia (Crustacea: Tanaidacea) from Guinea Bissau, West Africa, with comments on genetic variation within Leptochelia
Fig. 6. Leptochelia africana sp. n., secondary male, paratype: (A) antennule; (B) same, apex; (C) antenna; (D) labrum; (E) maxillule palp; (F) maxilliped; (G) epignath; (H) pleopod; (I) pleotelson/uropods. Scale bars = 0.5 mm (A, C, H, I) and 0.1 mm (B, D–G).
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.