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16 results for “genome size evolution”
Data from: Genome size evolution and phenotypic correlates in the poison frog family Dendrobatidae
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Figure 2 in The tight genome size of ants: diversity and evolution under ancestral state reconstruction and base composition
Figure 2. Bayesian consensus tree resulting from the LW-Rh and Wg gene alignments (871 bp). Coloured dots on the branches indicate the values of posterior probability (PP): green dots represent values between 1.00 and 0.95, yellow dots between 0.94 and 0.90, and red dots ≤ 0.89. The nodes are indicated with numbers. Values above and below the branches represent the ancestral genome size (GS; 1C-values, in picograms) at particular nodes: in blue is the value generated by the maximum likelihood (ML) [asterisks are related to confidence interval (CI) values shown in Supporting Information, Table S4]; orange is the value generated by maximum parsimony (MP); and black, given below the branches, is the value generated by Bayesian inference (BI). Genome size data (1C-values) were obtained in the present work (pink dots) or taken from the literature (grey dots).
Figure 1 in The tight genome size of ants: diversity and evolution under ancestral state reconstruction and base composition
Figure 1. Fluorescence intensity histograms obtained from three different species, with Drosophila melanogaster as internal standard, stained with propidium iodide (PI; A–C) or 4,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI; D–F). The x-axis corresponds to the scale of fluorescence intensity, and the y-axis represents the number of nuclei with that fluorescence intensity.
Figure 3 in The tight genome size of ants: diversity and evolution under ancestral state reconstruction and base composition
Figure 3. Mean genome size (in picograms and megabase pairs) estimated for Formicidae subfamilies. The phylogenetic tree generated in the present study was redrawn, with collapsed branches corresponding to species of the same subfamily.
Novel genomic insights into body size evolution in cetaceans and a resolution of Peto's Paradox
<p>Cetaceans (whales, dolphins, and porpoises) have undergone a radical transformation from the typical terrestrial mammalian body plan to a streamlined one while exhibited dramatic inter-specific size ranges. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the diversifying evolution of cetacean body size are largely unknown. Here, by using genome and phenotypic data from 22 cetaceans, we seek to investigate the genome-wide gene-phenotype correlation and to explore the genetic basis under the high diversity of body size in cetaceans. Results of the functional enrichment showed that body size-related genes in cetaceans were enriched in pathways associated with immunity, cell growth, and metabolism, suggesting their potential roles in the diversifying evolution of body size in cetaceans. A series of genes was also found coevolution with body size that are mainly involved in immune surveillance, tumor suppression function, and development of 'cheater' tumors. This in turn suggests that the genes play a role in tumor control and thus resolve Peto's paradox, a finding that the expansion in body size and thereby cell number does not correlate with increases in cancer incidence in larger whales. The present study could provide novel insights into the evolution of great body size variation in cetaceans.</p>
Data from: Correlated evolution of larval development, egg size, and genome size across two genera of snapping shrimp
<p>Across plants and animals, genome size is often correlated with life history traits: large genomes are correlated with larger seeds, slower development, larger body size, and slower cell division. Among decapod crustaceans, caridean shrimps are among the most variable both in terms of genome size variation and life history characteristics such as larval development mode and egg size, but the extent to which these traits are associated in a phylogenetic context is largely unknown. In this study, we examine correlations among egg size, larval development, and genome size in two different genera of snapping shrimp, <em>Alpheus </em>and <em>Synalpheus, </em>using phylogenetically informed analyses<em>. </em>In both <em>Alpheus </em>and <em>Synalpheus, </em>egg size is strongly linked to larval development mode: species with abbreviated development had significantly larger eggs than species with extended larval development. We produced the first comprehensive dataset of genome size in <em>Alpheus </em>(n = 37 species), and demonstrated that genome size was strongly and positively correlated with egg size in both <em>Alpheus </em>and <em>Synalpheus. </em>Correlated trait evolution analyses showed that in <em>Alpheus</em>, changes in genome size were clearly dependent on egg size. In <em>Synalpheus, </em>evolutionary path analyses suggest that changes in development mode (from extended to abbreviated) drove increases in egg volume; and larger eggs, in turn, resulted in larger genomes. These data suggest that variation in reproductive traits may underpin the high degree of variation in genome size seen in a wide variety of caridean shrimp groups more generally.</p>
Figure 3 in The tight genome size of ants: diversity and evolution under ancestral state reconstruction and base composition
Figure 3. Mean genome size (in picograms and megabase pairs) estimated for Formicidae subfamilies. The phylogenetic tree generated in the present study was redrawn, with collapsed branches corresponding to species of the same subfamily.
Figure 2 in The tight genome size of ants: diversity and evolution under ancestral state reconstruction and base composition
Figure 2. Bayesian consensus tree resulting from the LW-Rh and Wg gene alignments (871 bp). Coloured dots on the branches indicate the values of posterior probability (PP): green dots represent values between 1.00 and 0.95, yellow dots between 0.94 and 0.90, and red dots ≤ 0.89. The nodes are indicated with numbers. Values above and below the branches represent the ancestral genome size (GS; 1C-values, in picograms) at particular nodes: in blue is the value generated by the maximum likelihood (ML) [asterisks are related to confidence interval (CI) values shown in Supporting Information, Table S4]; orange is the value generated by maximum parsimony (MP); and black, given below the branches, is the value generated by Bayesian inference (BI). Genome size data (1C-values) were obtained in the present work (pink dots) or taken from the literature (grey dots).
Novel genomic insights into body size evolution in cetaceans and a resolution of Peto’s Paradox
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Data from: Correlated evolution of larval development, egg size, and genome size across two genera of snapping shrimp
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Data from: The battle of the sexes over seed size: support for both kinship genomic imprinting and interlocus contest evolution
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Genome size drives morphological evolution in organ-specific ways
<p class="MsoNormal">Morphogenesis is an emergent property of biochemical and cellular interactions during development. Genome size and the correlated trait of cell size can influence these interactions through effects on developmental rate and tissue geometry, ultimately driving the evolution of morphology. We tested whether variation in genome and body size is related to morphological variation in the heart and liver using nine species of the salamander genus <em>Plethodon</em> (genome sizes 29–67 gigabases). Our results show that overall organ size is a function of body size, whereas tissue structure changes dramatically with evolutionary increases in genome size. In the heart, increased genome size is correlated with a reduction of myocardia in the ventricle, yielding proportionally less force–producing mass and greater intertrabecular space. In the liver, increased genome size is correlated with fewer and larger vascular structures, positioning hepatocytes farther from the circulatory vessels that transport key metabolites. Although these structural changes should have obvious impacts on organ function, their effects on organismal performance and fitness may be negligible because low metabolic rates in salamanders relax selective pressure on function of key metabolic organs. Overall, this study suggests large genome and cell size influence the developmental systems involved in heart and liver morphogenesis.</p>
Data from: The small nuclear genomes of Selaginella are associated with a low rate of genome size evolution
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Data from: Analysis of phylogenetic relationships and genome size evolution of the Amaranthus genus using GBS indicates the ancestors of an ancient crop
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Genome size drives morphological evolution in organ-specific ways
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Figure 1 in The tight genome size of ants: diversity and evolution under ancestral state reconstruction and base composition
Figure 1. Fluorescence intensity histograms obtained from three different species, with Drosophila melanogaster as internal standard, stained with propidium iodide (PI; A–C) or 4,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI; D–F). The x-axis corresponds to the scale of fluorescence intensity, and the y-axis represents the number of nuclei with that fluorescence intensity.
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International Brain Laboratory public data
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OpenNeuro
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