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61 results for “geographic information”
Database of Geographic Information: Change in groundwater level, Central Arizona-Phoenix, 1985-2000
Change in Level of Groundwater in central Arizona-Phoenix, 1985-2000. This file shows spatial changes in groundwater levels for two separate time periods: 1985-1989 and 1996-2000. This is a spatial data object with a Coordinate Reference System (CRS) of EPSG:3479 NAD83(NSRS2007) / Arizona Central (ft); https://www.spatialreference.org/ref/epsg/3479/). The coordinate reference system (CRS) associated with these data when they were constructed initially was misrepresented in early versions (<= knb-lter-cap.101.8) of this dataset. The CAP LTER has attempted to assign a CRS based on reasonable values but the accuracy of the identified CRS cannot be certain.
PIE LTER, geographic information for the transects that were set up to study the impacts on the salt marsh vegetation of nutrient enrichment from the Ipswich Wastewater Treatment Facility on Greenwood Creek in Ipswich, MA.
A description of the transects that were set up to study the impacts on the salt marsh vegetation of nutrient enrichment from the Ipswich Wastewater Treatment Facility on Greenwood Creek in Ipswich, MA, USA. The marsh around Clubhead Creek, Rolwey, MA, USA was used as a reference.
Geographic Information System for marine aquaculture in Argentina
<p>Planning the use of marine areas for aquaculture through the development of Geographic Information Systems (GIS) has taken on great importance recently . This is because GIS allows decision-making through the analysis and integration of a large amount of data of various kinds gathered in a single database. This system allows the incorporation of information on optimal environmental conditions for farm species and relevant data to develop strategies throughout the entire production chain, from service providers and inputs to the final marketing of the product. The recommended actions of the strategic guidelines for a more sustainable and competitive EU aquaculture in 2021–2030 (EC 2021) stated explicitly the need to “<em>Develop a more detailed guidance document on the planning for space and access to water for marine, freshwater and land-based aquaculture</em>”, highlighting the importance of the GIS.</p> <p>Here you will find 4 files with the following information:<br>1) <strong><em>Metadata.doc</em></strong> file with the details of the metadata used to diagram the GIS layers.<br>2) <em><strong>GIS.gpkg</strong></em> file with each of the layers in raster and vector format.<br>3) <em><strong>Land-based model.gpkg</strong></em> file with examples of GIS modeling for land-based facilities.<br>4) <strong><em>Open-water model.gpkg</em></strong> file with examples of GIS modeling for facilities in open systems.</p> <p> </p>
Information of the centroids and geographical limits of the regions, departments, provinces and districts of Peru
<p>Datasets with information of the centroids and geographical limits of the regions, departments, provinces and districts of Peru.</p> <p>Data processed from National Statistical System (INEI) publications.</p> <p>2025.</p>
PIE LTER geographic information regarding vegetation transects set up at the Argilla Rd. Salt marsh restoration site in Ipswich and a reference marsh (Rough Meadows) in Rowley, Massachusetts.
A description of the vegetation transects set up at the Argilla Rd. Salt marsh restoration site in Ipswich, MA and a reference marsh (Rough Meadows) in Rowley, MA.
◂Fig. 6 A molecular phylogeny of 56 systematically representative Peridiniaceae, including 42 accessions assignable to P. cinctum from various geographic regions. Maximum likelihood tree (– ln = 21,884.93), as inferred from a rRNA nucleotide alignment (1137 parsimony-informative sites) and with strain number information. Numbers on branches are ML bootstrap (above) and Bayesian support values (below) for the clusters (asterisks indicate maximal support values, values under 50 and 0.90, respectively, are not shown). Clades are indicated (CZE Czech Republic, E East, GER Germany, HET Heterocapsaceae, N North, PPE Protoperidiniaceae, POL Poland, rbn ribotype n, S South, SWE Sweden, UKR Ukraine, W West) in Bumps on the back: An unusual morphology in phylogenetically distinct Peridinium aff. cinctum (= Peridinium tuberosum; Peridiniales, Dinophyceae)
◂Fig. 6 A molecular phylogeny of 56 systematically representative Peridiniaceae, including 42 accessions assignable to P. cinctum from various geographic regions. Maximum likelihood tree (– ln = 21,884.93), as inferred from a rRNA nucleotide alignment (1137 parsimony-informative sites) and with strain number information. Numbers on branches are ML bootstrap (above) and Bayesian support values (below) for the clusters (asterisks indicate maximal support values, values under 50 and 0.90, respectively, are not shown). Clades are indicated (CZE Czech Republic, E East, GER Germany, HET Heterocapsaceae, N North, PPE Protoperidiniaceae, POL Poland, rbn ribotype n, S South, SWE Sweden, UKR Ukraine, W West)
Datasets for 'Estmating autonomous vehicle localization error using 2D Geographic Information'
<p>Datasets for 'Estmating autonomous vehicle localization error using 2D Geographic Information'</p>
Database of Geographic Information: Topographic Map of Central Arizona
This dataset has been created to meet the needs of the research community of Arizona State University. Apart from purely vizualization purposes (i.e. displaying the data on various maps) it can potentially be used for spatial modeling. The data consist of engineering-quality contours, also known as isolines, created from the NED 10-meter Digital Elevation Model subset to the extent somewhat exceeding Cetral Arizona - Phoenix LTER. Contours ( lines connecting points of equal height above sea level) are drawn at 15 meter intervals with the base set at 145 m of elevation. Contours are an exact interpretation of the grid surface model and may sometimes appear blocky looking, may cross, appear to intersect, or form an unclosed branching line. All these are valid engineering-quality interpretations of the elevation surface that cartographers typically modify (smooth) for aesthetic purposes.
Database of Geographic Information: Aspect 30_utm
This dataset has been created to meet the needs of the research community of Arizona State University. Aspect can be thought of as the slope direction. It identifies the down-slope direction of the maximum rate of change in value (elevation) from each DEM cell to its neighbor cells. The values of the output grid are the compass direction of the aspect. The data is derived from the 30 meter Digital Elevation Model created for Central Arizona - Phoenix LTER (dem30_utm).
Database of Geographic Information: Canals in the Phoenix metropolitan area (1996-1998)
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Supplementary information for: The effects of geographic range size and abundance on extinction during a time of 'sluggish' evolution
<p>Geographic range size and abundance are important determinants of extinction risk in fossil and extant taxa. However, the relationship between these variables and extinction risk has not been tested extensively during evolutionarily 'quiescent' times of low extinction and speciation in the fossil record. Here we examine the influence of geographic range size and abundance on extinction risk during the late Paleozoic (Mississippian–Permian), a time of 'sluggish' evolution when global rates of origination and extinction were roughly half those of other Paleozoic intervals. Analyses used spatio-temporal occurrences for 164 brachiopod species from the North American midcontinent. We found abundance to be a better predictor of extinction risk than measures of geographic range size. Moreover, species exhibited reductions in abundance prior to their extinction, but did not display contractions in geographic range size. The weak relationship between geographic range size and extinction in this time and place may reflect the relative preponderance of larger-ranged taxa, combined with the physiographic conditions of the region that allowed for easy habitat tracking that dampened both extinction and speciation. These conditions led to a prolonged period (19 – 25 Myr) during which standard macroevolutionary rules did not apply.</p>
Text-fig. 1. Geographical position of the locality in Komořany Lake - A Lost Archive For Palaeobotanical, Archaeological And Historical Information
Text-fig. 1. Geographical position of the locality
Geoparsing with Large Language Models: Leveraging the linguistic capabilities of generative AI to improve geographic information extraction
<h2>Geoparsing with Large Language Models</h2> <p>The .zip file included in this repository contains all the code and data required to reproduce the results from our paper. Note, however, that in order to run the OpenAI models, users will required an OpenAI API key and sufficient API credits.</p> <div> <h3>Data</h3> <p>The data used for the paper are in the <code>datasetst</code> and <code>results</code> folders.</p> <ul> <li> <p>**Datasets: **This contains the XML files (LGL and Geovirus) and Json files (News2024) used to benchmark the models. It also contains all the data used to fine-tune the gpt-3.5 model, the prompt templates sent to the LLMs, and other data used for mapping and data creation.</p> </li> <li> <p>**Results: **This contains the results for the models on the three datastes. The folder is separated by dataset, with a single <code>.csv</code> file giving the results for each model on each dataset separately. The <code>.csv</code> file is structured so that each row contains either a predicted toponym and an associated true toponym (along with assigned spatial coordinates), if the model correctly identified a toponym; otherwise the true toponym columns are empty for false positives and the predicted columns are empty for false negatives.</p> </li> </ul> <h3>Code</h3> <p>The code is split into two seperate folders <code>gpt_geoparser</code> and <code>notebooks</code>.</p> <ul> <li>**GPT_Geoparser: **this contains the classes and methods used process the XML and JSON articles (<code>data.py</code>), interact with the Nominatim API for geocoding (<code>gazetteer.py</code>), interact with the OpenAI API (<code>gpt_handler.py</code>), process the outputs from the GPT models (<code>geoparser.py</code>) and analyse the results (<code>analysis.py</code>).</li> <li><strong>Notebooks</strong>: This series of notebooks can be used to reproduce the results given in the paper. The file names a reasonably descriptive of what they do within the context of the paper.</li> </ul> <h3>Code/software</h3> <h3>Requirements</h3> <ul> <li>Numpy</li> <li>Pandas</li> <li>Geopy</li> <li>Scitkit-learn</li> <li>lxml</li> <li>openai</li> <li>matplotlib</li> <li>Contextily</li> <li>Shapely</li> <li>Geopandas</li> <li>tqdm</li> <li>huggingface_hub</li> <li>Gnews</li> </ul> <h3>Access information</h3> <p>Other publicly accessible locations of the data:</p> <ul> <li>The LGL and GeoVirus datasets can also be obtained <a href="https://github.com/milangritta/Pragmatic-Guide-to-Geoparsing-Evaluation" target="_blank" rel="noopener">here<span> (opens in new window)</span></a>.</li> </ul> <h3>Abstract</h3> <div> <p>Geoparsing- the process of associating textual data with geographic locations - is a key challenge in natural language processing. The often ambiguous and complex nature of geospatial language make geoparsing a difficult task, requiring sophisticated language modelling techniques. Recent developments in Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated their impressive capability in natural language modelling, suggesting suitability to a wide range of complex linguistic tasks. In this paper, we evaluate the performance of four LLMs - GPT-3.5, GPT-4o, Llama-3.1-8b and Gemma-2-9b - in geographic information extraction by testing them on three geoparsing benchmark datasets: GeoVirus, LGL, and a novel dataset, News2024, composed of geotagged news articles published outside the models' training window. We demonstrate that, through techniques such as fine-tuning and retrieval-augmented generation, LLMs significantly outperform existing geoparsing models. The best performing models achieve a toponym extraction F1 score of 0.985 and toponym resolution accuracy within 161 km of 0.921. Additionally, we show that the spatial information encoded within the embedding space of these models may explain their strong performance in geographic information extraction. Finally, we discuss the spatial biases inherent in the models' predictions and emphasize the need for caution when applying these techniques in certain contexts.</p> </div> <h3>Methods</h3> <div> <p>This contains the data and codes required to reproduce the results from our paper. The LGL and GeoVirus datasets are pre-existing datasets, with references given in the manuscript. The News2024 dataset was constructed specifically for the paper. </p> <p>To construct the News2024 dataset, we first created a list of 50 cities from around the world which have population greater than 1000000. We then used the GNews python package <a href="https://pypi.org/project/gnews/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">https://pypi.org/project/gnews/<span> (opens in new window)</span></a> to find a news article for each location, published between 2024-05-01 and 2024-06-30 (inclusive). Of these articles, 47 were found to contain toponyms, with the three rejected articles referring to businesses which share a name with a city, and which did not otherwise mention any place names.</p> <p>We used a semi autonmous approach to geotagging the articles. The articles were first processed using a Distil-BERT model, fine tuned for named entity recognicion. This provided a first estimate of the toponyms within the text. A human reviewer then read the articles, and accepted or rejected the machine tags, and added any tags missing from the machine tagging process. We then used OpenStreetMap to obtain geographic coordinates for the location, and to identify the toponym type (e.g. city, town, village, river etc). We also flagged if the toponym was acting as a geo-political entity, as these were reomved from the analysis process. In total, 534 toponyms were identified in the 47 news articles. </p> </div> </div>
Analysis of Determining the Location of Public Electric Battery Exchange Stations (SPBKLU) using The Buffer Method in The Geographical Information System (GIS) in The Central Jakarta Region (Case Study of PT. XYZ)
<p>Figure 1. The Existing Station Map in the Central Jakarta Area</p> <p><strong><span>Figure 2.</span></strong><span> The Suitability of Battery Replacement Station Location and Closeness to Alfamart Supermarket </span></p> <p><strong><span>Figure 3.</span></strong><span> The Suitability of Battery Replacement Station Location and Closeness to District Office </span></p> <p><strong><span>Figure 4.</span></strong><span> The Suitability of Battery Replacement Station Location in the Central Jakarta Area</span></p> <p><span>Data (The Variable Weight & The Variable Criteria)</span></p>
Additional climate information for research paper «Ecological and Geographical Analysis of Distribution of Heracleum persicum, H. mantegazzianum and H. sosnowskyi on The Northern Limit of Its Invaded Range in Europe» submitted to Russian Journal of Biological Invasions
<p><strong>Additional climate information for research paper «Ecological and Geographical Analysis of Distribution of Heracleum persicum, H. mantegazzianum and H. sosnowskyi on The Northern Limit of Its Invaded Range in Europe» submitted to Russian Journal of Biological Invasions </strong></p>
Supplementary information for: The effects of geographic range size and abundance on extinction during a time of ‘sluggish’ evolution
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
List of tissue specimens of Hipposideros spp. used for cytochrome b sequencing and phylogenetic inference, with geographical data. Voucher refers to the location and/or accession number of the voucher, and tissue collection refers to the collection where the tissue is kept, and accession or collector numbers. Acronyms are as follows: Estación Biológica de DoZana, Sevilla, Spain (EBD), South Australia Museum, Adelaide, Australia (SAM), Senckenberg Museum, Frankfurt am Main, Germany (SMF), Instituto de Ecología, Xalapa, México (IEX), Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA (LSU), Charles M. Francis, Canadian Wildlife Service, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada (CMF), Lao Department of Forestry, Vientiane, Lao PDR, no catalogued (LAO). Next column indicates GenBank accession numbers. More information about the specimens is available in the GenBank records in A new species of bat of the Hipposideros bicolor group (Chiroptera: Hipposideridae) from Central Laos, with evidence of convergent evolution with Sundaic taxa
List of tissue specimens of Hipposideros spp. used for cytochrome b sequencing and phylogenetic inference, with geographical data. Voucher refers to the location and/or accession number of the voucher, and tissue collection refers to the collection where the tissue is kept, and accession or collector numbers. Acronyms are as follows: Estación Biológica de DoZana, Sevilla, Spain (EBD), South Australia Museum, Adelaide, Australia (SAM), Senckenberg Museum, Frankfurt am Main, Germany (SMF), Instituto de Ecología, Xalapa, México (IEX), Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA (LSU), Charles M. Francis, Canadian Wildlife Service, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada (CMF), Lao Department of Forestry, Vientiane, Lao PDR, no catalogued (LAO). Next column indicates GenBank accession numbers. More information about the specimens is available in the GenBank records
The roles of temperature, nest predators and information parasites for geographical variation in egg covering behaviour of tits (Paridae)
<p><strong>Aim</strong>: Nest building is widespread among animals. Nests may provide receptacles for eggs, developing offspring and the parents, and protect them from adverse environmental conditions. Nests may also indicate the quality of the territory and its owner and can be considered as an extended phenotype of its builder(s). Nests may, thus, function as a sexual and social signal. Here, we examined ecological and abiotic factors—temperature, nest predation and interspecific information utilization—shaping geographical variation in a specific nest structure—hair and feather cover of eggs— and its function as an extended phenotype before incubation in great (Parus major) and blue tits (Cyanistes caeruleus) across Europe. We also tested whether egg covering is associated with reproductive success of great tits.</p> <p><strong>Location</strong>: Fourteen different study sites and 28 populations across Europe.</p> <p><strong>Taxon</strong>: Parus major, Cyanistes caeruleus.</p> <p><strong>Methods</strong>: We recorded clutch coverage estimates and collected egg covering nest material from the tit nests. We also measured nest specific breeding parameters and phenotypic measurements on adults. We tested whether mean spring temperatures, nest predation rates and flycatcher (Ficedula spp) densities in the study areas explain the large-scale geographical variation of clutch coverage and reproductive success of tits.</p> <p><strong>Results</strong>: The degree of egg coverage of great tits increased with lower mean spring temperature, higher nest predation rate and higher flycatcher density. We did not find egg covering of blue tits to be associated with any of the ecological or abiotic factors. Moreover, egg covering of great tits was not associated with reproductive success in our cross-sectional data, yet a rigorous assessment of fitness effects would require long-term data.</p> <p><strong>Main conclusions</strong>: Our findings suggest that, in great tits, egg covering may simultaneously provide thermal insulation against cold temperatures during egg-laying in spring and also represent a counter-adaptation to reduce information parasitism by flycatchers and nest predation. Hence, geographical variation in interspecific interactions, and consequently in co-evolutionary processes, may affect the evolution of nest characteristics besides environmental conditions.</p>
Data from: Description of a new species of Hedruris Nitzsch, 1821 (Nematoda, Hedruridae) from freshwater turtles in Argentina, with information on its life cycle and a review of the genus's host and geographic distribution
Hedruris dratini n. sp. (Nematoda, Hedruridae) is described from freshwater turtles in Argentina and information about its life cycle provided. The new species differs from the remaining species of the genus by possessing an excretory pore, and the nerve ring and deirids being positioned at equal distance from the anterior end. Additionally, H. dratini n. sp. has mammilated eggs and males possess nine pairs of caudal papillae. The first life cycle within the genus including an amphipod as intermediate host and a reptile as a definitive host is presented. Furthermore, the host and geographic distribution of species of the genus Hedruris Nitzsch, 1821 are analyzed. Although the genus has a cosmopolitan distribution and parasitizes a great diversity of hosts, the majority of its species follow a Gondwanian distribution and its preferred hosts are amphibians.
Data from: Analysis and visualization of H7 influenza using genomic, evolutionary and geographic information in a modular web service
We have reported previously on use of a web-based application, Supramap (http://supramap.org) for the study of biogeographic, genotypic, and phenotypic evolution. Using Supramap we have developed maps of the spread of drug-resistant influenza and host shifts in H1N1 and H5N1 influenza and coronaviruses such as SARS. Here we report on another zoonotic pathogen, H7 influenza, and provide an update on the implementation of Supramap as a web service. We find that the emergence of pathogenic strains of H7 is labile with many transitions from high to low pathogenicity, and from low to high pathogenicity. We use Supramap to put these events in a temporal and geospatial context. We identify several lineages of H7 influenza with biomarkers of high pathogenicity in regions that have not been reported in the scientific literature. The original implementation of Supramap was built with tightly coupled client and server software. Now we have decoupled the components to provide a modular web service for POY (http://poyws.org) that can be consumed by a data provider to create a novel application. To demonstrate the web service, we have produced an application, Geogenes (http://geogenes.org). Unlike in Supramap, in which the user is required to create and upload data files, in Geogenes the user works from a graphical interface to query an underlying dataset. Geogenes demonstrates how the web service can provide underlying processing for any sequence and metadata database.
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These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.