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30 results for “giant kelp”
SBC LTER: Reef: Historical Kelp Database for giant kelp (Macrocystis pyrifera) biomass in California and Mexico
ISP Alginates (formerly Kelco Co.) has collected information on the abundance of giant kelp (Macrocystis pyrifera) in California and Mexico from routine aerial surveys since 1957. The standard protocol consists of an observer visually estimating the amount of harvestable giant kelp biomass within designated kelp beds from a small fixed-wing aircraft. Observations were recorded on paper data sheets in the field and archived in notebooks housed at ISP Alginates. With cooperation from ISP Alginates, the SBCLTER converted ISP Alginates long-term records of giant kelp biomass into a digital format. The database consists of a data table containing kelp biomass, a catalog of maps. The format ISP Alginates used to report kelp abundance data changed periodically over the course of the collecting period. These details, pus descriptions of designated kelp beds are described in the protocol document.
SBC LTER: Reef: Seasonal Kelp Forest Community Dynamics: Abundance and size of Giant Kelp
These data describe the abundance and size of giant kelp (Macrocystis pyrifera) within permanent plots of SBCLTER's seasonal kelp forest monitoring program to track long-term patterns in species abundance and diversity. The number of giant kelp > 1 m tall were recorded within four contiguous 20 m x 1m permanent plots located within a 40 m x 2 m area. The number of fronds > 1 m tall were counted for each individual and used as an estimate of its size. The experiment was initiated in 2008 at five reef sites along the mainland coast of the Santa Barbara Channel.
SBC LTER: Reef: Kelp Forest Community Dynamics: Abundance and size of Giant Kelp (Macrocystis Pyrifera), ongoing since 2000
These data describe the abundance of giant kelp, Macrocystis pyrifera, and are part of the SBCLTER kelp forest monitoring program. The study was initiated in 2000, in the Santa Barbara Channel, California, USA, and this dataset is updated once per year. The number and size (number of fronds and diameter of holdfasts) of plants were recorded along permanent transects at nine reef sites located along the mainland coast of the Santa Barbara Channel and at two sites on the north side Santa Cruz Island. These sites reflect several oceanographic regimes in the channel and vary in distance from sources of terrestrial runoff. The time period of data collection varied among the 11 kelp forest sites. Sampling at BULL, CARP, and NAPL began in 2000, sampling at the other 6 mainland sites (AHND, AQUE, IVEE, GOLB, ABUR, MOHK) began in 2001 (transects 3, 5, 6, 7, 8 at IVEE were added in 2011). Data collection at the two Santa Cruz Island sites (SCTW and SCDI) began in 2004. See Methods for more information.
SBC LTER: Reef: Long-term experiment: Kelp removal: Abundance and size of Giant Kelp
These data describe the abundance and size of giant kelp (Macrocystis pyrifera) within permanent plots of a long-term experiment designed to examine trajectories of change in the structure and productivity of kelp forest communities in response to changes in the frequency and severity of disturbance to giant kelp. The number of giant kelp > 1 m tall were recorded within four contiguous 20 m x 1m permanent plots located within a 40 m x 2 m area. The number of fronds > 1 m tall were counted for each individual and used as an estimate of its size. The experiment was initiated in 2008 at five reef sites along the mainland coast of the Santa Barbara Channel and included an annual kelp removal treatment designed to simulate increases in the frequency and severity of winter wave disturbance and a continual kelp removal treatment that allowed the effects of giant kelp on the community to be evaluated. The last experimental removals of giant kelp occurred in winter 2016 or winter 2017, depending on the site. Data collection continued in all plots until spring 2023 to document the recovery trajectory of the reef fish community following the cessation of experimental kelp removal.
Kelp metapopulations: Semi-annual time series of giant kelp patch area, biomass and fecundity in southern California, 1996 - 2006
These data describe the patch-scale canopy biomass and population fecundity of giant kelp, Macrocystis pyrifera, in southern California, USA, from 1996¬ to 2007. Biomass of the surface canopy was estimated using diver-calibrated Landsat 5 Thematic Mapper and Landsat 7 Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus satellite imagery. Fecundity was estimated from canopy biomass pixel data using a seasonally-adjusted relationship between the diver-measured density of giant kelp spore-bearing tissue and the Landsat estimate of canopy biomass density using data collected across five years at the San Clemente Artificial Reef, located offshore of San Clemente, California, USA. Landsat pixel-scale estimates of giant kelp biomass and fecundity were summed across space for each giant kelp patch and averaged across time separately with two semesters each year (January–June and July–December). The location and area of each giant kelp patch are also provided. These data were described in <ulink url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1890/15-0283.1">Castorani, M. C., D. C. Reed, F. Alberto, T. W. Bell, R. D. Simons, K. C. Cavanaugh, D. A. Siegel and P. T. Raimondi. Connectivity structures local populations dynamics: a long-term empirical test in a large metapopulation system. Ecology. DOI: 10.1890/15-0283.1</ulink> These data are part of the NSF collaborative project: The effect of inbreeding on metapopulation dynamics of the giant kelp, Macrocystis pyrifera (funded wholly or part by NSF Awards OCE-1233283, 1233288, 1233839).
Kelp metapopulations: Semi-annual time series of spore dispersal times among giant kelp patches in southern California, 1996 - 2006
These data describe the estimated dispersal duration of spores of giant kelp, Macrocystis pyrifera, among patches in southern California, USA, from 1996 to 2006. Asymmetrical and dynamic estimates of giant kelp spore dispersal durations among patches were estimated for 6-month periods (January - June and July - Dececember, 1996 - 2006) using minimum mean transit times connecting source and destination connectivity cells in a high-resolution, three-dimensional, spatiotemporally-explicit ocean circulation model (Regional Oceanic Modeling System, ROMS). Minimum transport times between giant kelp patches were assumed to be proportional to minimum transport times between ROMS cells and the alongshore distance between giant kelp patches
SBC LTER: Santa Cruz Island: Abundance of giant Kelp (Macrocystis pyrifera)
These data describe the abundance of giant kelp, Macrocystis pyrifera, at Santa Cruz Island (north shore), Santa Barbara Channel, California. The number of Macrocystis fronds were recorded along permanent transects at 11 sites, and sampling is designed to complement both the SBC LTER Reef Kelp Forest Community Survey study and other long-term data from Santa Cruz Island. Sampling began in 2011, and this dataset is updated annually.
SBC LTER: Reef: Microsatellite markers for the giant kelp, Macrocystis pyrifera
These data were published as a technical note: Alberto, F., A. C. Whitmer, N. C. Coelho, M. Zippay, E. Varela-Alvarez, P. T. Raimondi, D. C. Reed and E. A. Serrão. 2009. Microsatellite markers for the giant kelp Macroystis pyrifera. Conservation Genetics. 10:1915-1917 doi: 10.1007/s10592-009-9853-9 Abstract: We report the isolation and characterization of 16 microsatellite loci to study the population genetics of the giant kelp, Macrocystis pyrifera. Markers were obtained by screening a genomic library enriched for microsatellite motifs. Of the 37 primer pairs defined, 16 amplified clean polymorphic microsatellites and are described. These loci identified a number of alleles ranging from three to forty (mean= 16.5, and gene diversity ranging from 0.469 to 0.930 (mean= 0.774). The isolation and characterization of these highly polymorphic markers will greatly benefit much needed studies on the molecular ecology of this important macroalga. These data report the isolation and characterization of 16 microsatellite loci to study the population genetics of the giant kelp, Macrocystis pyrifera. 180 samples of blade tissue were collected at Carpinteria Reef, Santa Barbara Channel, CA (USA) in July 2006. Sequence data are available from GenBank. These data were published as a Technical Note in the journal Conservation Genetics in 2009.
SBC LTER: Reef: Geospatial structure of microsatellite markers for the giant kelp, Macrocystis pyrifera, Santa Barbara CA, 2009
Data package includes data and R code for the examination of geospatial genetic structure (SGS) and simulation of inbreeding in giant kelp (Macrocystis pyrifera) from the Santa Barbara Channel, California. Data are reported for microsatellite markers from individual giant kelp plants from Carpinteria Reef, Mohawk Reef and Goleta Bay, collected during September 2009. Relative X and Y coordinates (meters) were recorded for each specimen sampled. R code consists of two scripts, a) to calculate mean number of alleles per locus, and observed and expected heterozygosity, and b) to simulate self-fertilization and sibling/cousin relationships. These data were presented in: Johansson, Mattias L, Raimondi, Peter T, Reed, Daniel C, Coelho, Nelson C, Serrão, Ester A, Alberto, Filipe A. In press. Looking into the black box: simulating the role of self-fertilization and mortality in the genetic structure of Macrocystis pyrifera. Molecular Ecology, 22:4842–4854. These data are also available from: Johansson ML, Raimondi PT, Reed DC, Coelho NC, Serrão EA, Alberto FA (2013) Data from: Looking into the black box: simulating the role of self-fertilization and mortality in the genetic structure of Macrocystis pyrifera. Dryad Digital Repository. doi:10.5061/dryad.s1b07.
SBC LTER: Kelp blade characteristics to support turnover dynamics of giant kelp, Macrocystis pyrifera in the Santa Barbara Channel
These data describe the age-specific changes in the size and related traits of giant kelp (Macrocystis pyrifera) blades in the Santa Barbara Channel (Isla Vista Reef) during the spring and summer of 2012-2013. Data are contained in three tables: 1) a time series of change in blade size with age due to growth and senescence for blades growing at different depths and locations in the kelp forest, 2) physical traits of blades (biomass density, nitrogen, chlorophyll a) of different ages collected at different depths and locations in the kelp forest, and 3) photosynthetic performance (Pmax, alpha) of blades of different ages collected at different depths and locations in the kelp forest. These data were used to test whether spatial variation in the turnover dynamics of giant kelp blades could be could be explained by leaf life span theory developed for higher plants. The data were also used in a mathematical model of frond growth and senescence to investigate the relative and absolute magnitude of blade senescence in a kelp forest, and to examine how these losses were affected by light availability. Analyses using these data were published in Rodriguez, G. E. 2014. Turnover dynamics of the giant kelp, Macrocystis pyrifera. Ph.D., University of California, Santa Barbara. ProQuest, UMI Dissertations Publishing, 2014. 3682967.
SONGS Mitigation Monitoring: Experimental Reef Survey - Giant Kelp Outplant Size-Specific Survivorship
These data describe the size-specific survivorship of laboratory-reared embryonic giant kelp, Macrocystis pyrifera, outplanted at an artificial reef (Wheeler North Reef in Orange County, CA). In summer 2000 divers deployed an average of 56 outplant units containing embryonic kelp to 14 modules of Wheeler North Reef. Size specific survivorship was measured by recording the number and size of outplanted kelp on surviving outplant units three and eleven months after deployment. Measurements of size were categorical and included small single blades (recruits), multi-bladed plants less than 1m tall, and multi-frond plants equal or greater than 1 m tall.
SBC LTER: Spatial definitions of giant kelp (Macrocystis pyrifera) patches in southern and central California
These data describe the spatial definitions of patches of giant kelp, Macrocystis pyrifera, in central and southern California, USA, using a 27-year time series of giant kelp canopy biomass from Landsat 5 Thematic Mapper satellite imagery (1984-2011). Giant kelp patches were delineated using a spatial synchrony-based method that avoids the consolidation of adjacent, independently fluctuating local populations into "megapatches". The method uses a network theory modularity approach to optimally cluster Landsat pixels into patches based on suitable habitat area (i.e., all areas containing giant kelp, 1984-2011) and the spatial synchrony of canopy biomass. These data were described in Cavanaugh, K. C., D. A. Siegel, P. T. Raimondi, and F. A. Alberto. 2014. Patch definition in metapopulation analysis: a graph theory approach to solve the mega-patch problem. Ecology 95:316-328. doi:10.1890/13-0221.1
SBC LTER: Sea urchin foraging rates on giant kelp
These data describe the foraging rates of two sea urchin species (Strongylocentrotus purpuratus and Mesocentrotus franciscanus) on giant kelp (Macrocystis pyrifera) in laboratory mesocosms. Data are contained in two tables: 1) a data file describing the foraging rates of sea urchins as a function of urchin biomass where biomass was varied by manipulating the number of urchins in a foraging trial, and 2) a data file describing the foraging rates of sea urchins as a function of urchin biomass where biomass was varied by manipulating the size of urchins in a foraging trial.
Laboratory reflectance spectra and pigments from giant kelp blades
This dataset contains the whole blade reflectance and photosynthetic pigment concentrations from 1700 recently matured blades of giant kelp (Macrocystis pyrifera). The blades were collected at five sites along the California coast from 2012 to 2015.
SONGS Mitigation Monitoring: Experimental Reef Survey – Giant Kelp Size and Abundance
These data describe annual estimates of the size, fecundity, and abundance of giant kelp, Macrocystis pyrifera, at an artificial reef (Wheeler North Reef in Orange County, CA) and two natural reference reefs (San Mateo Kelp in Orange County, CA and Barn Kelp in San Diego County, CA). Data were collected from 2000 to 2004 as part of the experimental phase of the San Onofre Nuclear Generating Station (SONGS) kelp reef mitigation program. In the spring and fall of each year, divers collected data on the number of fronds > 1 m tall, the amount of reproductive tissue, and the size of the holdfast for each giant kelp plant encountered along permanent transects at each reef and recorded the type of substrate to which each plant was attached.
UCSB SONGS Mitigation Monitoring: Reef Process Study - Density of Giant Kelp Recruits and Cover of Dead Holdfasts
These data describe annual estimates of the density of giant kelp recruits and the percent cover of dead giant kelp holdfasts from replicate quadrats at three subtidal reefs. Data collection occurred from 2000 -2023 at an artificial reef (Wheeler North Reef in Orange County, CA) and two natural reference reefs (San Mateo Kelp in Orange County, CA and Barn Kelp in San Diego County, CA) to evaluate the ability of Wheeler North Reef to compensate for losses of kelp forest habitat and associated biota caused by the operation of the San Onofre Nuclear Generating Station (SONGS).
SBC LTER: REEF: Exudation of dissolved organic carbon by the giant kelp Macrocystis pyrifera
We estimated rates of DOC exudation by Macrocystis pyrifera using short-term (2-4 hours) in situ incubations of entire blades and portions of stipes in the kelp forest at Mohawk Reef near Santa Barbara, California, USA (34o 23.660’ N, 119o 43.800’ W). Incubations of blades were conducted within 2 m of the sea surface at midday on eight dates between October 2007 and August 2011 to investigate the effects of blade growth stage, nutrient status (as indicated by C:N ratio determined using an Exeter Analytical CE-440 CHN/O/S elemental analyzer), epiphyte load, sea surface irradiance, and sea surface temperature on rates of DOC release from intact blades.
SBC LTER: REEF: Frond Lifespans of the giant kelp Macrocystis pyrifera
These data describe the demography of 109 cohorts of giant kelp fronds on 194 tagged plants (1007 total fronds surveyed). Cohorts of fronds on tagged plants were followed monthly in three kelp forests near Santa Barbara, CA from April 2002 to June 2005. These data are useful for determining frond birth rates, death rates, lifespan and age structure.
SBC LTER: REEF: Allometric Measurements of Giant Kelp
These data describe the allometry of 55 giant kelp plants collected monthly from three kelp forests near Santa Barbara, CA from May 2002 to June 2003. Included are values for the length and mass of each frond, distinguishing material in the water column from that found at the surface. Data on stipe diameter, number of blade nodes and blade mass are also provided for a subset of fronds. These data were used by Rassweiler et al. (2018) to develop relationships predicting the mass of giant kelp found in the water column and canopy as a function of a few measurements taken from each plant.
Giant Kelp Microbiome Altered in the Presence of Epiphytes
This data package includes data tables documenting microbial community on kelp blades as well as surrounding water column, and R script that analyzes diversity of the microbiomes in kelp forests. Samples were collected using stand up paddle boards at two kelp beds in the Santa Barbara Channel: Arroyo Quemado (AQ: 34° 28.127′ N, 120° 07.285′ W) and Mohawk Reef (MR; 34° 23.660′ N, 119° 43.800′ W) from May to August, 2018. Seawater samples were also collected as part of this project and to compare kelp microbiomes to microbial communities in the surrounding water column. The raw sequencing reads were archived in the Sequence Read Archive data repository through NCBI (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/bioproject/PRJNA612503) This work was conducted by AK James, CJ English, N Nidzieko, CA Carlson, and EG Wilbanks. This data package is a mirror of a GitHub project: https://github.com/ajamesk10/KELP_SBC_16S_2018
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