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6 results for “gill rakers”
Pelvic spine reduction affects diet but not gill raker morphology in two polymorphic brook stickleback (Culaea inconstans) populations
<p>Pelvic spine polymorphism occurs in several species in the stickleback family (<em>Gasterosteidae</em>). Given parallel selection driving similar phenotypic polymorphisms in multiple stickleback species, we sought to determine the extent of parallelism in the ecological consequences of pelvic spine reduction. Based on a metabarcoding analysis of brook stickleback gut contents in two polymorphic populations, we found a shift towards a planktonic diet was associated with pelvic spine reduction. These results contrast with those found in threespine stickleback where pelvic spine reduction is associated with a shift towards a benthic diet. Hence, we found non-parallel consequences of spine polymorphism across species. Furthermore, a change in gill raker morphology has been consistently implicated in the change in diet in pelvic-reduced threespine stickleback. But we found no evidence of any difference in gill raker morphology associated with pelvic spine polymorphism in brook stickleback.</p>
Dataset for: Biomimetic models of fish gill rakers as lateral displacement arrays for particle separation
<p class="MsoNormal">Ram suspension-feeding fish such as herring use gill rakers to separate small food particles from large water volumes while swimming forward with an open mouth. Fish gill raker function was tested using 3D-printed conical models and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations over a range of slot aspect ratios. (See CFD simulation output in Dryad dataset: case and data files for ANSYS Fluent 19.1 CFD simulations.)</p> <p class="MsoNormal">Our hypothesis predicting the exit of particles based on mass flow rates, dividing streamlines (i.e., stagnation streamlines) at the slots between gill rakers, and particle size was supported by the results of experiments with physical models in a recirculating flume. (See R code with embedded comments in Dryad dataset to test Hypotheses 1 and 2 for particle exit/trapping.)</p> <p class="MsoNormal">Particle movement in suspension-feeding fish gill raker models was consistent with the physical principles of lateral displacement arrays ("bump arrays") for microfluidic and mesofluidic separation of particles by size. Although particles were smaller than the slots between rakers, particles skipped over the vortical region that was generated downstream from each raker. Particles "bumped" on anterior raker surfaces during posterior transport. (See particle movement data in Dryad dataset: three files for particle contact, exit, and retention in the physical models.)</p> <p class="MsoNormal">Experiments in a recirculating flume demonstrated that the shortest distance between the dividing streamline and the raker surface preceding the slot predicts the maximum radius of a particle that will exit from the model by passing through the slot. This theoretical maximum radius is analogous to the critical separation radius identified with reference to the stagnation streamlines in microfluidic and mesofluidic devices that use deterministic lateral displacement and sieve-based lateral displacement. These conclusions provide new perspectives and metrics for analyzing crossflow and cross-step filtration in fish with applications to filtration engineering. </p>
Pelvic spine reduction affects diet but not gill raker morphology in two polymorphic brook stickleback (Culaea inconstans) populations
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Dataset for: Biomimetic models of fish gill rakers as lateral displacement arrays for particle separation
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Data from: Generation of a neutral FST baseline for testing local adaptation on gill-raker number within and between European whitefish ecotypes in the Baltic Sea basin
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Data from: Diversifying selection drives parallel evolution of gill raker number and body size along the speciation continuum of European whitefish
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