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32 results for “glacier retreat”
Model data for "Recent irreversible retreat phase of Pine Island Glacier"
<p>Model inputs and outputs for the experiments in Reed et al., 2023 "Recent irreversible retreat phase of Pine Island Glacier".</p>
Mechanism of landslide induced by glacier-retreat on the Tungnakvíslarjökull area, Iceland
<p><strong>Introduction</strong></p> <p>This repository contains the data used for the study of the slope instability of Tungnakvíslarjökull, Iceland, described in Lacroix et al. (submitted). Specifically, the repository contains three time series in Tungnakvíslarjökull:</p> <ol> <li> <p>Time series of Digital Elevation Models (DEMs) from ASTER, 2000-2020.</p> </li> <li> <p>Time series of horizontal ground displacements, 1999-2019.</p> </li> <li> <p>Time series of earthquakes, 1995-2019.</p> </li> </ol> <p>Finally, we provide the map of the rate of elevation difference and the map of horizontal ground displacements for the whole period 2000-2019, as shown in Figure 1 of Lacroix et al. (submitted).</p> <p>The data and methods used for the elaboration of this data repository are described in detail in Lacroix et al. (submitted). In this repository we also provide a short summary and overview of the data and methods used.</p> <p><strong>Data</strong></p> <p>A total of 160 ASTER scenes were used to produce the time series of DEMs. A series of images from SPOT1, Landsat-7, ASTER and Landsat-8 was used in order to produce the horizontal ground displacements maps. The South-Iceland Lowlands (SIL) network (Jóndsdóttir et al., 2007) was obtained from Veðurstofan Íslands (www.vedur.is). Table 1 provides an overview of these data.</p> <table> <caption>Table1: Data used for the creation of this repository</caption> <tbody> <tr> <td>Application</td> <td>Platforms</td> <td>Acquisition dates</td> </tr> <tr> <td>DEM</td> <td>ASTER</td> <td>160 scenes from 2000-10-16 to 2020-08-27. <p>Format for the date is YYYYMMDD</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td>Horizontal ground displacement</td> <td>SPOT1</td> <td>1987-08-05</td> </tr> <tr> <td> </td> <td>Landsat-7</td> <td>1999-07-26, 2000-08-20, 2001-09-24, 2002-07-09</td> </tr> <tr> <td> </td> <td>ASTER</td> <td>2003-08-04, 2004-09-18, 2007-08-15, 2011-08-10, 2013-07-24, 2014-08-18, 2016-08-07</td> </tr> <tr> <td> </td> <td>Landsat-8</td> <td>2014-08-12, 2015-09-16, 2016-08-24, 2017-08-20, 2018-09-14, 2019-08-10</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Seismicity</td> <td>SIL network</td> <td>370491 events recorded between 1995-2019 in the Mýrdalsjökull (S-Iceland) area and surroundings</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p><strong>Methods</strong></p> <p>The DEMs were created using the Ames StereoPipeline (ASP, Shean et al., 2016) with the same setup as used in Brun et al., (2017). Each DEM was then co-registered to a lidar DEM acquired in 2010 (Jóhannesson et al., 2013), using the co-registration methods from Berthier et al. (2007), and adding an across-track fifth-degree polynomial correction (Gardelle et al., 2013). The stack of elevations obtained from the DEM time series was linearly fitted in order to produce the map of elevation difference (file name 20000101_20210101_30x30m_UTM27N_DHDT_Lacroixetal2022.tif) of the period 2000-2020.</p> <p>The horizontal ground displacement maps were created using the offset tracking methodology described in Bontemps et al. (2018), consisting of: (1) pairwise image correlation using Mic-Mac (Rupnik et al., 2017), (2) masking of areas with low correlation coefficients (3) correction of co-registration bias by subtracting the mean values of the NS and EW displacement fields and (4) pixelwise fit of the horizontal ground displacements by least squares, using the time interval between measurements as weights and obtaining the full horizontal ground displacement for the analyzed period (file name 19990726_20200101_15x15m_UTM27N_HGD_Lacroixetal2022.tif)</p> <p>The time series of earthquakes obtained from the SIL network was filtered, and 2089 earthquakes with depth <5 km and magnitude <1.7 were used in this study and data repository (file name 19950814_20181118_SILvedur_time_lon_lat_dep_mag.txt).</p> <p><strong>Acknowledgements</strong></p> <p>We thank Bryndís Brandsdóttir for providing the seismic data used in this repository. E.B. and P.L. acknowledge the support from the French Space Agency (CNES) through the TOSCA, PNTS, SWH and ISIS programs.</p> <p><strong>Dataset attribution</strong></p> <p>This dataset is licensed under a Creative Commons CC BY 4.0 International License.</p> <p><strong>Dataset Citation</strong></p> <p>Lacroix, P., Belart, J.M.C., Berthier, E., Sæmundsson, Þ., Jónsdóttir, K.: Data Repository: Mechanism of landslide induced by glacier-retreat on the Tungnakvíslarjökull area, Iceland. Dataset distributed on Zenodo: 10.5281/zenodo.6388069</p>
Model data for "Melt sensitivity of irreversible retreat of Pine Island Glacier"
<p>Model inputs and outputs for the experiments in Reed et al., 2024 "Melt sensitivity of irreversible retreat of Pine Island Glacier".</p>
Raw sequencing data for studying the colonization of soil communities after glacier retreat
<p>Glaciers show a pattern of retreat at the global scale. Deglaciated areas are exposed and colonized by multiple organisms, but lack of global studies hampers a complete understanding of the future of these ecosystems. Until now, the complete reconstruction of soil communities was hampered by the complex identification of organisms, thus analyses at broad geographical and taxonomic scale have been so far impossible. The dataset used for this study represents the assemblages of Bacteria, Mycota, Eukaryota, Collembola (springtails), Oligochaeta (Earth worms), Insecta, Arthropoda and Vascular Plants obtained using environmental DNA (eDNA) metabarcoding. eDNA was extracted from soil samples collected from multiple glacier forelands representative of some of the main mountain chains of Europe, Asia, the Americas and Oceania. We investigated chronosequences of glacier retreat (i.e., the chronological sequence of specific geomorphological features along deglaciated areas for which the date of glacier retreat is known) ranging from recent years to the Little Ice Age (~1850). We used this newly assembled global DNA metabarcoding dataset to obtain a complete reconstruction of community changes in novel ecosystems after glacier retreat. Information on assemblages can be then combined with analyses of soil, landscape and climate to identify the drivers of community changes.</p>
Advance and retreat of glaciers during the end of the Little Ice Age in Europe
<p>Input data and model results of Huss&Förster (2019), L'avancée et le recul des glaciers pendant le Petit Age Glaciaire. Actes du colloque du Giétro, 14./15.juin, 2018. In: Annales Valaisannes, publication of the SHVR.</p> <p>Refer to file header for the description of all variables.</p> <p> </p>
Melt rates in the kilometer-size grounding zone of Petermann Glacier, Greenland before and during a retreat
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Data for: Subglacial freshwater driven speedup of East Antarctic outlet glacier retreat
<p>Recent studies have revealed the presence of a complex freshwater system underlying the Aurora Subglacial Basin (ASB), a region of East Antarctica that contains ~7 m of global sea level potential in ice mainly grounded below sea level. Yet, the impact that subglacial freshwater has on driving the evolution of the dynamic outlet glaciers that drain this basin has yet to be tested in a coupled ice sheet-subglacial hydrology numerical modeling framework. Here, we project the evolution of the primary outlet glaciers draining the ASB (Moscow University Ice Shelf, Totten, Vanderford, and Adams Glaciers) in response to an evolving subglacial hydrology system and to ocean forcing through 2100, following low and high CMIP6 emission scenarios. By 2100, ice-hydrology feedbacks enhance the ASB's 2100 sea level contribution by ~30% (7.50 mm to 9.80 mm) in high emission scenarios and accelerate retreat of Totten Glacier's main ice stream by 25 years. Ice-hydrology feedbacks are particularly influential in the retreat of the Vanderford and Adams Glaciers, driving an additional 10 km of retreat in fully-coupled simulations relative to uncoupled simulations. Hydrology-driven ice shelf melt enhancements are the primary cause of domain-wide mass loss in low emission scenarios, but are secondary to ice sheet frictional feedbacks under high emission scenarios. The results presented here demonstrate that ice-subglacial hydrology interactions can significantly accelerate retreat of dynamic Antarctic glaciers and that future Antarctic sea level assessments that do not take these interactions into account might be severely underestimating Antarctic Ice Sheet mass loss. </p> <p>In this data publication, we present the model output and results associated with the following manuscript recently submitted to the Journal of <em>Geophysical Research: Earth Surface</em>: "Subglacial discharge accelerates ocean driven retreat of Aurora Subglacial Basin outlet glaciers over the 21st century". We include yearly ice sheet model output between 2017-2100 for eight numerical ice-subglacial hydrology model runs. We also include the ice sheet and subglacial hydrology model initial states. In addition, we include all ocean forcing time-series (temperature and salinity for the low emission and high emission climate forcing scenarios for three glacial regions), which are used as input into the melt parameterization. Lastly, we include a MATLAB script that contains the code used to couple the ice-subglacial hydrology models as well as a "readme" file with further information on all data in this publication.</p>
Arthropod food webs in the foreland of a retreating glacier: Gut content analysis and structural equation modeling (SEM)
<p>Below- and above-ground arthropod communities were explored at a glacier foreland area in low Arctic Southwest Greenland aiming for a better understanding of the mechanisms behind the arthropod succession driven by increasing temperatures in the context of an Arctic climate change scenario. Arthropods were sampled in 2015 and 2016 along a downslope transect where the microclimate became warmer downhill a chronosequence towards a climax vegetation. The arthropod data sets were analyzed in relation to an environmental data set. Bottom-up controlled population developments were important in the early phase of the vegetation development while top-down prevailed in the later phase of the vegetation development. The shift from bottom-up to top-down cascades between arthropod predators and their potential prey populations was mainly driven by increasing temperatures away from the glacier. Structural equation modeling (SEM) shows bottom-up and top-down controlled food chains as bottom-up control was important for spider and harvestman populations while top-down control was important for ground beetle populations. These mechanisms are closely related to the hunting strategies of the predators as bottom-up mechanisms are connected to a sit-and-wait behavior while top-down mechanisms are related to active-search behavior. The SEM analyzes were supported by DNA metabarcoding as well as by the literature. A consequence of the strong top-down cascades in the later phase of the succession is high rates of intra-guild predation (IGP) among all arthropod predators. Particularly in the guts of the linyphiid spider, <em>Collinsia holmgreni </em>Thorell 1871, trophic linkages to other linyphiid and lycosid spiders were detected. The IGP ratio of <em>C. holmgreni</em> was negatively correlated with the activity density of available ground-living prey. Probably as a consequence of the high IGP among the linyphiid spiders, cold-adapted linyphiid species like <em>C. holmgreni</em> decreased in numbers downhill and became extinct in the warmer climax vegetation, where lycosid spiders dominated. SEM shows that the declining activity densities of the soil fauna, such as collembolans and mites, due to predation, are responsible for the increase in organic matter content in the topsoil.</p>
Data for: Seawater intrusions in the observed grounding zone of Petermann Glacier causes extensive retreat
<p>Understanding grounding line dynamics is critical for projecting glacier evolution and sea level rise. Recent observations from satellite radar interferometry reveal rapid grounding line migration forced by oceanic tides that are several kilometers larger than predicted by hydrostatic equilibrium alone, indicating that the transition from grounded to floating ice is more complex than previously thought. Recent studies suggest that seawater intrusions beneath grounded ice may play a role in glacier dynamics. Here, we investigate their impact on the evolution of Petermann Glacier, Greenland, using an ice sheet model. We compare the model results with observed changes in grounding line position, velocity, and ice elevation between 2010 and 2022. If we exclude seawater intrusions, the model requires anomalously high melt rates to replicate the retreat. Conversely, we match the observed retreat with 3-km-long seawater intrusions with a maximum ice shelf melt rate of 50~m/yr, consistent with observations. We also obtain more realistic glacier speedup and ice thinning when including seawater intrusions in the model. We conclude that seawater intrusions play a critical role in the dynamics of Petermann Glacier. Including them in glacier flow models will make glaciers more sensitive to ocean warming and increase projections of sea level rise.</p>
Terminus data for: Multi-decadal retreat of Greenland's marine-terminating glaciers
<p>Many marine-terminating glaciers draining the Greenland ice sheet have retreated over the past decade, yet the extent and magnitude of retreat relative to past variability is unknown. We measure changes in front positions of 210 marine-terminating glaciers using Landsat imagery spanning nearly four decades and compare decadal-scale rates of change with earlier observations. We find that 90% of the observed glaciers retreated between 2000 and 2010, approaching 100% in the northwest, with rapid retreat observed in all sectors of the ice sheet. The current retreat is accelerating and likely began between 1992 and 2000, coincident with the onset of warming, following glacier stability and minor advance during a mid-century cooling period. While it is clear an extensive retreat occurred in the early 20th century, a period of increasing air temperatures, a comparison of our results with historical observations provides evidence that the current retreat is more widespread. The onset of rapid retreat with warming relative to the slow and lagged advance with cooling suggests an asymmetry in the response of marine fronts to external forcing.</p> <p> </p>
Data for: Subglacial freshwater driven speedup of East Antarctic outlet glacier retreat
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Data from: Moss community dynamics and canopy-mediated environmental influences during primary succession in a glacier retreat zone
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Data for: Seawater intrusions in the observed grounding zone of Petermann Glacier causes extensive retreat
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Data from: Rapid retreat of Berry Glacier, West Antarctica linked to seawater intrusions revealed by radar interferometry
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Data from: Ecosystem age drives food web architecture of glacier retreat-formed fishless ponds in Greenland
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Thirty-three years of glacier grounding line retreat in Antarctica 1992-2025
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Arthropod food webs in the foreland of a retreating Greenland glacier: Integrating molecular gut content analysis with Structural Equation Modelling
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Terminus data for: Multi-decadal retreat of Greenland’s marine-terminating glaciers
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Data from: Glacier retreat decreases mutualistic network robustness over spacetime
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Data from: Subglacial discharge accelerates future retreat of Denman and Scott Glaciers, East Antarctica
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