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Figure 12 in Gonadal development and fecundity of bogue Boops boops (Linnaeus, 1758) (Sparidae) on the central Algerian coast

Figure 12. Determining the size of B. boops first sexual maturity in females, males, and combined sexes.

Figure 5 in Gonadal development and fecundity of bogue Boops boops (Linnaeus, 1758) (Sparidae) on the central Algerian coast

Figure 5. Transverse sections of female gonad in Boops boops: a) general view of stage I, b) detail of stage I oocyte I and oogonia, c) early perinucleolar stage (stage II), d) previtellogenic oocyte with numerous nucleoli, e) perinucleolar stage (stage III), f) vitellogenic oocyte with yolk protein, g) early yolk granule, h) spent ovaries with yolk vesicles (stage IV), i) late yolk granule (stage V), j) zona radiata, k) stage V (postspawning), l) atretic follicles. Lo: Ovarian lumen, Ow: ovarian wall, Ovl: ovigerous leg, m: mesothelium, OoI: oocyte I, N: nucleus, Nu: nucleoli, Cy: cytoplasm, Vo: vitellogenic oocyte, V: vacuole, Y: yolk granules, FE: follicular epithelium, Oog: oogonia, Po: previtellogenic oocyte, at: atretic follicle, POF: postovulatory follicle, Cy: cytoplasm.

Figure 7 in Gonadal development and fecundity of bogue Boops boops (Linnaeus, 1758) (Sparidae) on the central Algerian coast

Figure 7. Transverse sections of intersex gonad in Boops boops: a and b) ovotestis with female dominance, c) ovotestis with equal portions, d) ovotestis with male dominance and spermatozoa in deferent duct. Oc: Oocytes, Spg: spermatogonia, Spz: spermatozoa, T: testis, O: ovary, Cyst: cyst, Mb: basal membrane of the lobule, Bv: blood vessels, Dd: deferent duct.

Figure 6 in Gonadal development and fecundity of bogue Boops boops (Linnaeus, 1758) (Sparidae) on the central Algerian coast

Figure 6. Transverse sections of male gonad in Boops boops: a) immature testes with spermatogonia cells (stage I), b) early maturation (stage II) with Masson's trichrome stain, c) late developing (stage III), d) stage III spermatic preemission, e) general view of the testis in the emission stage (stage IV), f) spermatozoa in the cyst (stage IV), g) spermatic emission with spermatozoa in the deferent duct (stage IV), h) postemission (stage V), i) Rupture of the cyst at stage V. Spg: Spermatogonia, Spcy: spermatocyte, Cyst: cyst, Spd: spermatid, Dd: deferent duct, Spz: spermatozoa, Mb: basal membrane of the lobule, L: lobular lumen.

opencc-by-4.0Dec 2018View details →

Рис. 8. СреЗы череЗ гонады моллюска: А – поперечный среЗ череЗ гонаду самки, Б–Д – фолликулы в гонадах самок (Б, В – Зрелые ооциты круглой формы, готовые к вымету; Г – ооциты в период активного гаметогенеЗа на стадии раннего трофоплаЗматического роста, Д – ооциты каплевидной формы в период преднерестовой стадии при ЗаверШении трофоплаЗматического роста), Е, Ж – поперечные среЗы череЗ гонаду самца, З, И – ацинусы в гонадах самцов (З – преднерестоваЯ стадиЯ, просветы в ацинусах практически отсутствуют, стенки ацинусов не раЗличимы, И – нерестоваЯ стадиЯ, имеютсЯ просветы в ацинусах). МасШтабные линейки 300 мкм (А), 200 мкм (Е), 100 мкм (Ж), 50 мкм (Б–Д, З, И). вя – вакуолиЗированное Ядро, сф – стенка фолликула, вм – вителлиноваЯ мембрана, РО – раЗвиваюЩиесЯ иЗ пелликулы ооциты, пг – ресничный проток гонады, с – сперматоциты, па – просветы в ацинусах. Fig. 8. Sections through the gonads of the mollusk: А – transverse section through the female gonad, Б–Д – ovarian acini, follicles (Б, В – mature round-shaped oocytes ready to be swept out; Г – oocytes in the period of active gametogenesis at the stage of early trophoplasmatic growth, Д – tear-shaped oocytes during the pre-spawning stage at the end of trophoplasmatic growth), Е, Ж – transverse sections through the male gonads, З, И – testicular acini (З – pre-spawning stage, with practically absent gaps in the acini and invisible the acini walls, И – spawning stage, with gaps in the acini). Scale bars 300 µm (A), 200 µm (E), 100 µm (Ж), 50 µm (Б–Д, З, И). вя – vacuolated nucleus, сф – follicle wall, вм – vitelline membrane, РО – developing oocytes arising from a pellicle, пг – ciliated gonadal duct, с – spermatocytes, па – gaps in acini. in Nodularia vladivostokensis (Bivalvia: Unionidae) from Razdolnaya River (Primorye, Russia)

Рис. 8. СреЗы череЗ гонады моллюска: А – поперечный среЗ череЗ гонаду самки, Б–Д – фолликулы в гонадах самок (Б, В – Зрелые ооциты круглой формы, готовые к вымету; Г – ооциты в период активного гаметогенеЗа на стадии раннего трофоплаЗматического роста, Д – ооциты каплевидной формы в период преднерестовой стадии при ЗаверШении трофоплаЗматического роста), Е, Ж – поперечные среЗы череЗ гонаду самца, З, И – ацинусы в гонадах самцов (З – преднерестоваЯ стадиЯ, просветы в ацинусах практически отсутствуют, стенки ацинусов не раЗличимы, И – нерестоваЯ стадиЯ, имеютсЯ просветы в ацинусах). МасШтабные линейки 300 мкм (А), 200 мкм (Е), 100 мкм (Ж), 50 мкм (Б–Д, З, И). вя – вакуолиЗированное Ядро, сф – стенка фолликула, вм – вителлиноваЯ мембрана, РО – раЗвиваюЩиесЯ иЗ пелликулы ооциты, пг – ресничный проток гонады, с – сперматоциты, па – просветы в ацинусах. Fig. 8. Sections through the gonads of the mollusk: А – transverse section through the female gonad, Б–Д – ovarian acini, follicles (Б, В – mature round-shaped oocytes ready to be swept out; Г – oocytes in the period of active gametogenesis at the stage of early trophoplasmatic growth, Д – tear-shaped oocytes during the pre-spawning stage at the end of trophoplasmatic growth), Е, Ж – transverse sections through the male gonads, З, И – testicular acini (З – pre-spawning stage, with practically absent gaps in the acini and invisible the acini walls, И – spawning stage, with gaps in the acini). Scale bars 300 µm (A), 200 µm (E), 100 µm (Ж), 50 µm (Б–Д, З, И). вя – vacuolated nucleus, сф – follicle wall, вм – vitelline membrane, РО – developing oocytes arising from a pellicle, пг – ciliated gonadal duct, с – spermatocytes, па – gaps in acini.

Figure 3 in Postembryonic Ventral Nerve Cord Development and Gonad Migration in Steinernema carpocapsae

Figure 3: Lateral left view (anterior to left) differential interference contrast (DIC) micrograph (top) and with transparent color overlay (bottom) of a 96 HET female Steinernema carpocapsae gonad posterior arm. The gonad morphology at 96 HET is similar to that seen at 72 HET. However, by 96 HET, numerous fertilized embryos are seen in the uterus (red). The spermathecal-uterine complex (green) is located at the farthest point away from the mid-body and contains a single oocyte (inset) surrounded by numerous sperm (arrowhead). The ovary (blue) is much longer than in 72 HET females, frequently extending beyond the mid-body plane. In this image, the distal tip cell of the anterior gonad arm (arrow) extends into the posterior half of the female. Scale bars, 50 µm (main figure) 10 µm (inset).

Figure 6 in Postembryonic Ventral Nerve Cord Development and Gonad Migration in Steinernema carpocapsae

Figure 6: Lateral right (A) and left (B) views of gonad (red) morphology in male Steinernema carpocapsae at 72 HET. In most males (A), the gonad migration pattern is similar to C. elegans. However, 30% of males examined have a gonad that never extends away from the ventral wall (B). Scale bar, 50 µm.

Figure 5 in Postembryonic Ventral Nerve Cord Development and Gonad Migration in Steinernema carpocapsae

Figure 5: Lateral left views (anterior to left) of female gonad (red overlay) development in Steinernema carpocapsae at various time points. The gonad of newly hatched S. carpocapsae (A) contained four nuclei with two central larger nuclei and two smaller cap nuclei. By 25 HET (B), the number of nuclei in the gonad noticeably increased and began elongating along the ventral body wall. At 33 HET (C), the gonad extended toward the dorsal surface. Between 44 HET (D) and 54 HET (E), we observed an expansion of the gonad along the dorsal surface. Note that the anterior arm typically wraps around the right side of the intestine and is out of frame at this focal plane, whereas the posterior arm wraps around the left side. Scale bar, 50 µm.

Figure 1 in Postembryonic Ventral Nerve Cord Development and Gonad Migration in Steinernema carpocapsae

Figure 1: Lateral left view (anterior to left) fluorescent micrographs of J2 (top) and J1 (bottom) Steinernema carpocapsae following 4′, 6-diamidino2-phenylindole (DAPI) staining. The ventral nerve cord (VNC) comprises a series of putative neurons extending from the retrovesicular ganglion (RVG) (arrowhead) to the preanal ganglion (PAG) (arrow) along the ventral edge of the animal. Between J1 and J2, there is a large increase in the number of VNC neuronal-like nuclei. Scale bar, 10 µm.

Figure 2 in Postembryonic Ventral Nerve Cord Development and Gonad Migration in Steinernema carpocapsae

Figure 2: Cartoons of Caenorhabditis elegans (A) and Steinernema carpocapsae (B) gonads and lateral left view (anterior to left) micrograph of posterior S. carpocapsae gonad arm (C): differential interference contrast (DIC) alone (top); DIC color overlay (bottom). Unlike C. elegans, which undergoes stereotypical development to a 'U-shaped' gonad, the most common S. carpocapsae gonad shape does not include extensive migration along the ventral wall. As shown in the stitched DIC micrograph (C) (top) and with transparent color overlay (bottom), the gonad extends from the central region of the animal near the vulva (position indicated with straight arrow) and immediately extends to the dorsal side where it extends away from the mid-body. It eventually makes a u-turn (curved arrow) and then extends along the dorsal wall back to the midbody where it then migrates back to the ventral wall. The posterior gonad arm typically wraps around the left side of the intestine, whereas the anterior arm typically wraps around the right side of the intestine. The proximal end of the gonad, including the uterus and spermathecal-uterine complex, is colored red. The distal end of the gonad following the turn includes the ovary and is colored blue. Scale bar, 50 µm.

Figure 4 in Postembryonic Ventral Nerve Cord Development and Gonad Migration in Steinernema carpocapsae

Figure 4: Cartoon depicting the variability in the gonad migration pattern among 72 HET Steinernema carpocapsae females that deviate from the most common phenotype seen in figure 2C. Numbers indicate the ratio of the particular gonad phenotype among the 28 females whose gonads were fully traced.

opencc-by-4.0Aug 2020View details →

Fig. 1 in Fig. 2. Gonadal development during Yntema stages 15, 17, 19 in Bruggmanniella sanlianensis Lin, Yang & Tokuda, 2020, sp. nov.

Fig. 1. Prof. Dr. Brian Timms in his natural habitat: Sue's Clay Pan, Bloodwood Station, New South Wales, Australia, 24 July 2014 (photo by D.C. Rogers).

Fig. 14. A in Fig. 2. Gonadal development during Yntema stages 15, 17, 19 in Bruggmanniella sanlianensis Lin, Yang & Tokuda, 2020, sp. nov.

Fig. 14. A Bayesian inference (BI) tree for Austruca citrus n. sp. and A. perplexa (H. Milne Edwards, 1852), with outgroups of other congeneric species, based on cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) gene. Probability values at nodes represent support values for BI, maximum likelihood (ML) and maximum parsimony (MP). For haplotype identities, see table 1.

Fig. 12 in Fig. 2. Gonadal development during Yntema stages 15, 17, 19 in Bruggmanniella sanlianensis Lin, Yang & Tokuda, 2020, sp. nov.

Fig. 12. Color in life of Austruca citrus n. sp. (male, CW 14.6 mm, ZRC 2019.1317) from Fiji (A, B) and its habitat in Denarau mangroves, Nadi, Fiji (C). A, dorsal view; B, frontal view. Courtesy of Bee Yan Lee.

Fig. 10 in Fig. 2. Gonadal development during Yntema stages 15, 17, 19 in Bruggmanniella sanlianensis Lin, Yang & Tokuda, 2020, sp. nov.

Fig. 10. Austruca perplexa (H. Milne Edwards, 1852). A–F, male; G–H, female. A, E, CW 14.9 mm (NCHUZOOL 15057), Singapore; B, CW 12.0 mm (NCHUZOOL 15042), Bohol, Philippines; C, specimen not collected, Penghu, Taiwan; D, H, specimens not collected, Dongsha, Taiwan; F, CW 12.0 mm (NCHUZOOL 15060), Bali, Indonesia; G, CW 9.7 mm (NCHUZOOL 15050), Kuching, Sarawak, Malaysia.

Fig. 11. Austruca citrus n in Fig. 2. Gonadal development during Yntema stages 15, 17, 19 in Bruggmanniella sanlianensis Lin, Yang & Tokuda, 2020, sp. nov.

Fig. 11. Austruca citrus n. sp. A–E, male; F, female. A, CW 11.1 mm (MNHN-IU-2017-9122), Wallis & Futuna; B–F, specimens not collected, Fiji. G– H, a population with high density. B, G, courtesy of Mark Rosenstein; C–F, H, courtesy of Rocio Gajon Bunker.

Fig. 9 in Fig. 2. Gonadal development during Yntema stages 15, 17, 19 in Bruggmanniella sanlianensis Lin, Yang & Tokuda, 2020, sp. nov.

Fig. 9. Urocardiac ossicles of Austruca perplexa (H. Milne Edwards, 1852) (A–C) and A. citrus n. sp. (D). A, male, CW 13.6 mm (NCHUZOOL 15056), Mersing, Malaysia; B, male, CW 14.2 mm (NTOU), Taitung, Taiwan; C, male, CW 12.5 mm (QM W19270), Queensland, Australia; D, male, CW 11.1 mm (MNHN-IU-2017-9122), Wallis & Futuna. Scale bars = 0.2 mm.

Fig. 5 in Fig. 2. Gonadal development during Yntema stages 15, 17, 19 in Bruggmanniella sanlianensis Lin, Yang & Tokuda, 2020, sp. nov.

Fig. 5. Austruca perplexa (H. Milne Edwards, 1852) (A, C) and A. citrus n. sp. (B, D, E). A, B, carapace; C–E, major chela. A, C, male (NCHUZOOL 15053; CW 15.6 mm, PL 25.6 mm; Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia); B, D, holotype of A. citrus (MNHN-IU-2017-9121; CW 10.9 mm, CL 6.7 mm, PL 17.6 mm; Wallis & Futuna); E, male (UF 3843; CW 12.9 mm, PL 25.6 mm; Fiji).

Fig. 7 in Fig. 2. Gonadal development during Yntema stages 15, 17, 19 in Bruggmanniella sanlianensis Lin, Yang & Tokuda, 2020, sp. nov.

Fig. 7. Carapaces of male Austruca perplexa (H. Milne Edwards, 1852) (A–C, F, G) and A. citrus n. sp. (D, E, H). A, male, CW 17.3 mm (NCHUZOOL 15046), Kuching, Sarawak, Malaysia; B, male, CW 12.5 mm (QM W19270), Queensland, Australia; C, male, CW 12.0 mm (ZRC 1995.966), Queensland, Australia; D, male, CW 12.7 mm (MNHN-IU-2017-9123), Wallis & Futuna; E, male, CW 11.0 mm (UF 1488), Fiji; F, female, CW 13.7 mm (NCHUZOOL 14643), Tainan, Taiwan; G, female, CW 11.3 mm (NCHUZOOL 15052), Selangor, Malaysia; H, female, CW 11.7 mm (MNHN-IU-2017-9122), Wallis & Futuna.