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6 results for “grid services”
German weather services (DWD) multi annual meteorological rasters for the climate period 1991-2020 refined to 25m grid
<h1>Overview</h1> <p>These are two multi-annual raster products from the german weather service, that got refined from a 1km grid to a 25m grid, by using a local regression model.</p> <p>The base rasters from DWD are:</p> <ul> <li>HYRAS precipitation</li> <li>REGNIE precipitation</li> <li>DWD-grid (precipitation, potential evapotranspiration and temperature 2m above ground)</li> </ul> <p>To refine the grids the Copernicus DEM with a resolution of 25m got used. For every cell a linear regression model got created, by selecting the multi-annual rasters value and the elevation, from the original digital elevation model that was used by the DWD to create the raster, in a certain window around the cell. This window was at least 2 cells around the considered cell, so 5x5=25 cells. If the standard deviation of the elevation in this window was less than 4m, more neighbooring cells are considered until a maximum of 13x13=169 cells are considered. This widening of the window was necessary for flat regions to get a reasonable regression model.</p> <p>Out of these combinations of elevation and climate parameter a linear regression model was build. These regression models are then applied to the finer digital elevation model with its 25m resolution from Copernicus.</p> <p>The following image illustrates the generation of the refined rasters on a small example window:</p> <p></p>
Accessibility Indicators to services at EU scale - 1km grid indicators
<p>This archive makes available <strong>accessibility indicators at EU scale from populated 1km EU grid to towns and cities at EU scale</strong> (512 million travel time by car calculated between origins and destinations). It follows a reproducible, transparent and updatable framework. It uses <strong>only open source and free routing engines (OSRM)</strong>, based on OpenStreetMap (OSM) network. This routing engine makes possible the creation of travel time indicators for a large set of origins and destinations.</p> <p>The EU towns and cities layer has been recently made available and named by the European Commission. This layer is based on a <a href="https://ec.europa.eu/regional_policy/information-sources/maps/urban-centres-towns_en">common methodology</a> for all Europe. Within GRANULAR activities, we consider the towns and cities layer as <strong>a proxy</strong> to discuss on little and medium commercial centralities in Europe.</p> <p>This methodological framework, <strong>implemented with open source solutions (data and code) only and documented in a reproducible way in R notebooks</strong>, could be easily extended to other origins and destinations, if a relevant layer will be identified in the future.</p> <p>Based on travel time matrix, it is possible to compute a large set of indicators. This archive (see readme at the root folder) <strong>describes the input data used, summarises the data processing and provide information and metadata on output indicators created at 1km grid cells.</strong></p> <p>All the output data is also available. </p> <p> </p>
Dataset for CoordiNet D6.2 - Chapter 4 - Evaluation of Combinations of Coordination Schemes and Products for Grid Services
<p>This is a supporting material for chapter 4 of CoordiNet D6.2. The deliverable is available at:</p> <p><a href="https://coordinet-project.eu/publications/deliverables">CoordiNet deliverables (coordinet-project.eu)</a></p> <p>The dataset is composed by an interconnected system consisting of the IEEE 14-bus (TN) transmission network connected to three distribution networks: the Matpower systems 18-bus (DN_18), 69-bus (DN_69), and 141-bus (DN_141). All systems topology and some parameters are based on the corresponding cases in Matpower [1]. Base demand is adapted from the case, while base generation profiles are added to all nodes. All distribution systems are balanced, and the transmission system is imbalanced. Thermal limits of the lines are adapted in order to create congestion in the systems. Each distribution system is connected to the transmission system through one line, which has capacity of 1.0. The interconnected system is fully represented in "Network.xlsx", in which:</p> <ul> <li>System: transmission (TN) or distribution (DN_18, DN_69, DN_141);</li> <li>LineID: ID of the lines;</li> <li>BusNumber: number of the nodes within the systems. This parameter is used to define the lines (from/to);</li> <li>BaseDemand and BaseSupply: base active demand and generation of each node;</li> <li>ConnectedDN: distribution system to which the transmission system node is connected to. If blank, the node is not connected to any distribution system. Only for the transmission system;</li> <li>InterfaceCapacity: thermal limit of the interface between the transmission and distribution systems;</li> <li>ThermalLimit: thermal limit of the transmission/distribution systems lines. For distribution systems, a value of 10 indicates that the line has no limit; </li> <li>SFTN: shift factor matrix of the transmission system. Capture the change in the active power flow over a line due to a change in injection or offtake at a node;</li> <li>BaseReactiveDemand and BaseReactiveSupply: base reactive demand and generation at each node. Only for distribution systems;</li> <li>VoltageLB and VoltageUB: lower and upper limits for the magnitude squared of the voltage in each distribution system node. Only for distribution systems;</li> <li>ConnectedTN: identify if the distribution node is connected or not to the transmission system. Only for distribution systems;</li> <li>ResistanceR: resistence of the distribution system lines. Only for distribution systems;</li> <li>ReactanceX: reactance of the distribution system lines. Only for distribution systems.</li> </ul> <p>Flexibility bids are randomly generated in the different nodes. For downward flexibility bids, the prices are drawn from the uniform distribution in the range 10 to 15, and for upward flexibility bids, they are drawn from the range 50 to 55. The bids maximum quantities are generated according to the base demand or supply of the node from which they are connected. The generated orderbook is presented in "OrderbookTN" (transmission system) and "OrderbookDN" (distribution systems):</p> <ul> <li>OrderID: the ID of the order, to make each order unique;</li> <li>System: the system (TN, DN_18, DN_69, DN_141) from which the order is offered;</li> <li>BusNumber: the node from which the order is offered;</li> <li>FlexibilitySense: UPWARD for increase in generation or decrease in demand; DOWNWARD for increase in demand or decrease in generation;</li> <li>Price: the submitted order price;</li> <li>Quantity: the maximum quantities of the order.</li> </ul> <p>In addition, table check_system contains the forecasted flows over lines before flexibility activation. For the transmission system, the SFTN is used and only active power is calculated. For the distribution systems, a linearized model of the power flow is used, thus active and reactive power are calculated:</p> <ul> <li>System: the system (TN, DN_18, DN_69, DN_141) where the line is located;</li> <li>From/to: bus numbers of the connection;</li> <li>Flow: forecasted active flow over transmission system lines;</li> <li>Flow P/Flow Q: forecasted active/reactive flow over distribution system lines (also for interface flows TN-DN);</li> <li>Congestion: if congestion is forecasted over the line.</li> </ul> <p>Source of the systems' topology:</p> <p>[1] R. D. Zimmerman, C. E. Murillo-Sanchez, and R. J. Thomas, “Mat-power: Steady-state operations, planning, and analysis tools for power systems research and education,” IEEE Transactions on power systems, vol. 26, no. 1, pp. 12–19, 2010.</p> <p>Please notice that this dataset does not replace the information provided by Matpower related to the aforementioned systems. It rather uses those systems topology and some of their parameters to build a case study to investigate TSO-DSO coordination market models for the procurement of flexibility. For the full description of these systems, please visit: <a href="https://matpower.org/">MATPOWER – Free, open-source tools for electric power system simulation and optimization</a>.</p>
Data for the Article "Maturity Assessment of Grid-Scale Flexibility and Energy Storage Services Towards a Decarbonized Europe"
<p>This dataset includes the data collected form various stakeholders regarding grid-scale flexibility and energy services as part of the SINNOGENES Project.</p>
[BROKEN ATTACHMENT] Off-grid solar energy services enabled and evaluated through information technology
<p>Go to this version for the fixed attachment:</p> <p>https://zenodo.org/deposit/63871/</p>
Off-grid solar energy services enabled and evaluated through information technology
<p>zip file with code notebooks for paper.</p>
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