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Figure 2 in Taxonomic study and population variation of scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccidae and Diaspididae) and associated parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea) in an olive grove at Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil

Figure 2. Population variation of Hemiberlesia lataniae (Hemiptera: Diaspididae) on different varieties of Olea europaea (Arbequina, Arbosana and Koroneiki), at different times of sampling, in Barra do Ribeiro (30°30′54.95″S, 51°30′20.84″W), Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.

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Figure 1 in Taxonomic study and population variation of scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccidae and Diaspididae) and associated parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea) in an olive grove at Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil

Figure 1. Population variation of Hemiberlesia lataniae (Hemiptera: Diaspididae) in an Olea europaea multivarietal olive grove (Arbequina, Arbosana and Koroneiki), at different sampling times, considering different phases and stage of development in Barra do Ribeiro (30°30′54.95″S, 51°30′20.84″W), Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.

Fig. 1 in Attraction of thrips (Thysanoptera) to colored sticky traps in a Florida olive grove

Fig. 1. Diagrammatic representation of the olive grove with sampling plots and locations of trap series within each plot. Location of individual traps is represented by an X.

Fig. 6 in Attraction of thrips (Thysanoptera) to colored sticky traps in a Florida olive grove

Fig. 6. Total thrips collected from sticky cards at each sampling station during olive bloom. For analysis, sampling positions within the dotted line were considered to be interior, whereas those on the outside were considered to be outer sites.

Fig. 4 in Attraction of thrips (Thysanoptera) to colored sticky traps in a Florida olive grove

Fig. 4. Comparison of mean numbers of thrips (± SE) collected by sticky traps, tap samples, or brush samples between pre-bloom, bloom, and post-bloom sampling periods. Bars with different letters indicate significantly different means (P <0.05).

Fig. 3 in Attraction of thrips (Thysanoptera) to colored sticky traps in a Florida olive grove

Fig. 3. Differences in mean numbers of thrips (± SE) collected by tap and brush samples between plots. Bars with different letters indicate significantly different means (P <0.05).

Fig. 5 in Attraction of thrips (Thysanoptera) to colored sticky traps in a Florida olive grove

Fig. 5. Collection of mean numbers of thrips (± SE) (all species and stages combined) from differently colored sticky traps with combined data from all collection dates, or collections from bloom period alone. Bars with different letters indicate significantly different means (P <0.05).

Fig. 2 in Attraction of thrips (Thysanoptera) to colored sticky traps in a Florida olive grove

Fig. 2. Spectral reflectance of sticky card traps (white, blue, yellow, and clear), and abaxial and adaxial surfaces of olive leaves.

Fig. 2 in Survey of Florida olive groves during olive fruit development: monitoring for stink bugs and olive fruit flies

Fig. 2. Comparison of type of stink bug on total monthly collection (mean ± SE) from 2017 and 2018 of (A) Hemiptera, and (B) Euschistus quadrator Rolston. Lures consisted of either a consperse stink bug lure or a combination of green stink bug and brown marmorated stink bug lures. Statistical comparisons were made with a paired t-test (P ≤ 0.05); means with different letters are significantly different.

Fig. 1 in Survey of Florida olive groves during olive fruit development: monitoring for stink bugs and olive fruit flies

Fig. 1. Diagram of (A) trap locations in Florida olive groves, and (B) spatial identifiers used to characterize the locations for analysis. The large rectangle represents a 4-ha area surveyed; each white box represents a 1-ha subplot. Each circle represents a sampling location where 1 baited olive fruit fly trap and 2 dual funnel stink bug traps, 1 baited for the brown marmorated stink bug and 1 baited for the consperse stink bug were placed during each sampling visit. Spatial identifiers for sampling sites included: COR = corner site, CEN = center site, ER = edge of the grove site and bordered by olive trees on 3 sides of the tree, END = site located at the end of a row, but not a corner. Image from Google Maps.

Fig. 1 in Survey of Thysanoptera using colored sticky card traps in Florida, USA, olive groves

Fig. 1. Map of olive groves surveyed in North Central Florida. Stars represent locations of groves. "S" is a grove in Suwannee County, "G" is a grove in Gilchrist County, "M" is a grove in Marion County, and "V" is a grove in Volusia County. Map created using spatial data from USGS (2016).

Fig. 2 in Survey of Thysanoptera using colored sticky card traps in Florida, USA, olive groves

Fig. 2. Diagram of a Florida olive grove indicating sampling locations (A) and spatial identifiers (B) used for sampling design and analysis. The large rectangle represents a 4 ha area surveyed; each of the 4 white boxes represents a 1 ha subplot. Each letter represents a sampling location where yellow and blue sticky traps were placed during each sampling visit. Spatial identifiers for sampling sites included: "COR" = corner site, "CEN" = center site, "ER" = edge of the grove site and bordered by olive trees on 3 sides of the tree, "END" = site located at the end of a row, but not a corner. Image from Google Maps.

Fig. 4 in Survey of Thysanoptera using colored sticky card traps in Florida, USA, olive groves

Fig. 4. Mean thrips abundance per mo in 2017 and 2018 and in both yr combined found on yellow and blue sticky card traps in 4 north central Florida olive groves.

Fig. 3 in Survey of Thysanoptera using colored sticky card traps in Florida, USA, olive groves

Fig. 3. Timeline of observed fruiting and flowering events of North Central Florida olive trees in both 2017 and 2018. The 2017 flowering and fruiting are represented by white symbols. The gap in 2017 fruiting visible in Sep is when Hurricane Irma prevented sampling efforts. The 2018 flowering and fruiting symbols are represented by black symbols. Triangles represent flowering events. Circles represent fruiting events. The black arrow represents the Florida harvest period. Specific flowering and fruiting events are listed on the y-axis, mo of observation are on the x-axis.

Fig. 3 in Bird visits and resource use in Butia odorata (Arecaceae) palm groves in southern Brazil

Fig. 3. Average indices of flower and ripe fruit supply of Butia odorata and number of frugivory and insectivory events in the evaluated months, Tapes, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.

Fig. 1. 1 in Bird visits and resource use in Butia odorata (Arecaceae) palm groves in southern Brazil

Fig. 1. 1. Study site location at municipality of Tapes, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. 2. Photo of an area of the palm grove (Photo by Cyro Menezes da Gloria). 3. Sampling area outlined in red; Map image created in R Studio; Study area in Google Earth, Google (C), 2019 (Edited by Cyro Menezes da GlÓria).

FIG. 11 in Nineteenth-century butchery and transport for a market economy: Plum Grove as a case study for commercial transactions in the Midwestern USA

FIG. 11. – Distal measurements of right cattle metatarsals (following von den Driesch 1976). Elements from immature individuals (un- fused) are here included with those from mature individuals (fused, with fusion taking place between 2-2.5 years of age [Grigson 1982: 22]). The division in size between older, smaller individuals and younger, larger ones may also represent a break between older females and younger males (figure created by Cerisa R. Reynolds).

FIG. 10 in Nineteenth-century butchery and transport for a market economy: Plum Grove as a case study for commercial transactions in the Midwestern USA

FIG. 10. – Each cattle skull from within Plum Grove's Bone Feature exhibits impact fractures indicative of blunt force trauma, indicating that each individual was killed in the same manner. These impact fractures are clearly visible in this photograph of five of the Fea- ture's cattle skulls (photograph courtesy of William E. Whittaker).

FIG. 3 in Nineteenth-century butchery and transport for a market economy: Plum Grove as a case study for commercial transactions in the Midwestern USA

FIG. 3. – Project location in relation the to surrounding topography, highlighting Plum Grove's location within Iowa City as well as Iowa City's location within the state of Iowa. Base map is aerial photo- graph from ISUGISSRF (2011); figure created by Bryan Kendall.

FIG. 1 in Nineteenth-century butchery and transport for a market economy: Plum Grove as a case study for commercial transactions in the Midwestern USA

FIG. 1. – Map of the contiguous U.S., with the main course of the Mississippi River highlighted in a thicker grey line. As the site this paper focuses on is located in Iowa City, Iowa, this city is also identified here as a grey circle (map from United-States-Map.com; modified by Cerisa R. Reynolds).