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20 results for “growth and body condition”
F I G U R E 5 in Length-weight relationships of 55 mesopelagic fishes from the eastern tropical North Atlantic: Across- and within-species variation (body shape, growth stanza, condition factor)
F I G U R E 5 Log–log plot of the relative condition factor (Krel) vs. standard length (cm) calculated from length–weight relationships (LWRs) of the species (a) Argyropelecus affinis, (b) Argyropelecus sladeni, (c) Ceratoscopelus warmingii, (d) Diaphus dumerilii, (e) Electrona risso, (f) Lampanyctus nobilis, (g) Lepidophanes guentheri, (h) Notoscopelus resplendens and (i) Scopelogadus mizolepis (Table 3). Geographic regions are indicated by linetype, symbol and colour (EQ–C, dotted line, dark-blue square; EQ–N, two-dashed line, turquoise triangle; LO–E, solid line, red circle; LO–W, dashed line, violet diamond). If present, vertical dashed grey line indicates breakpoint in the LWR estimated by segmented regression analysis (cf. Table 2)
F I G U R E 1 in Length-weight relationships of 55 mesopelagic fishes from the eastern tropical North Atlantic: Across- and within-species variation (body shape, growth stanza, condition factor)
F I G U R E 1 Stations in the eastern low-oxygen (LO–E), western low-oxygen (LO–W), northern equatorial (EQ–N) and central equatorial (EQ–C) regions of the eastern tropical North Atlantic sampled in this study
F I G U R E 4 in Length-weight relationships of 55 mesopelagic fishes from the eastern tropical North Atlantic: Across- and within-species variation (body shape, growth stanza, condition factor)
F I G U R E 4 Distribution of form factor a3.0 for 55 mesopelagic species related to (a) body shape, (b) taxonomic family and (c) species. Form factor calculated from Equation 2 using across-species slope of S = 1.358 based on 1223 fish species presented in equation 17 in Froese (2006)
F I G U R E 3 in Length-weight relationships of 55 mesopelagic fishes from the eastern tropical North Atlantic: Across- and within-species variation (body shape, growth stanza, condition factor)
F I G U R E 3 Scatter plot of mean log a (SL) over mean b for 55 mesopelagic species with information on body shape. Body shape:, elongated;, fusiform;, short-deep
F I G U R E 2 in Length-weight relationships of 55 mesopelagic fishes from the eastern tropical North Atlantic: Across- and within-species variation (body shape, growth stanza, condition factor)
F I G U R E 2 Frequency distribution of (a) mean log a (binwidth 0.2) and (b) mean exponent b (binwidth 0.1) based on 55 records (measured in centimetres and grams) of mesopelagic species of the eastern tropical North Atlantic during cruise WH383
Fig. 2 in Microclimate and host body condition influence mite population growth in a wild bird-ectoparasite system
Fig. 2. Distribution of nest mite population sizes estimated when nests were placed in a Berlese funnel after nestlings had fledged. All nests began the experiment with the same population size (100 live mites), mimicking identical transmission, but ending population sizes 30–35 days later were highly variable. This suggests that factors of the nest environment or hosts may be playing an important role in mite population growth.
Fig. 4 in Microclimate and host body condition influence mite population growth in a wild bird-ectoparasite system
Fig. 4. The relationship between the substrate the nest was built on: concrete, metal, or wood (y-axis) and the number of mites estimated in the field when chicks were 12 days old. Nests built on wooden substrates had significantly more mites compared to nests built on concrete or metal substrates. This graph was made using raw data, but models reported in the text included site as a random effect.
Fig. 3 in Microclimate and host body condition influence mite population growth in a wild bird-ectoparasite system
Fig. 3. Relationship between the number of non-mite arthropods (x-axis) and nest mites (y-axis) that were recovered when experimental nests were removed from the field after nestlings fledged and placed in a Berlese funnel. Nests with more arthropods had significantly fewer nest mites. This graph was made using raw data, but models reported in text had a Poisson distribution and included site as a random effect.
Microclimate and host body condition influence mite population growth in a wild bird-ectoparasite system
<p>Parasite populations are never evenly distributed among the hosts they infect. Avian nest ectoparasites, such as mites, are no exception, as their distribution across the landscape is highly aggregated. It remains unclear if this pattern is driven by differences in transmission events alone, or if the environment that parasites inhabit after transmission also plays a role. Here, we experimentally examined the influence of the post-transmission microclimate, nest characteristics, and host condition on ectoparasite population growth in a bird-ectoparasite system. We infested barn swallow (Hirundo rustica erythrogaster) nests with a standardized number of Northern Fowl Mites (Ornithonyssus sylvarium) and analyzed both biotic (nestling mass, wing length, number of other arthropods present in the nest, and brood size) and abiotic (temperature, humidity, nest lining, nest dimensions, and substrate upon which the nest was built) predictors of mite population growth. Our results suggest that mite populations were most successful, in terms of growth, in nests with higher temperatures, lower humidity, few other arthropods, and hosts in good condition. We also found that nests built on wooden substrates support larger populations of mites than those constructed on metal or concrete. These findings lend insight into the factors that drive large-scale patterns of ectoparasite distributions.</p>
Environmental change reduces body condition, but not population growth, in a high-arctic herbivore
Environmental change influences fitness-related traits and demographic rates, which in herbivores are often linked to resource-driven variation in body condition. Coupled body condition-demographic responses may therefore be important for herbivore population dynamics in fluctuating environments, such as the Arctic. We applied a transient Life-Table Response Experiment ('transient-LTRE') to demographic data from Svalbard barnacle geese (<i>Branta leucopsis</i>), to quantify their population-dynamic responses to changes in body mass. We partitioned contributions from direct and delayed demographic and body condition-mediated processes to variation in population growth. Declines in body condition (1980-2017), which positively affected reproduction and fledgling survival, had negligible consequences for population growth. Instead, population growth rates were largely reproduction-driven, in part through positive responses to rapidly advancing spring phenology. The virtual lack of body condition-mediated effects indicates that herbivore population dynamics may be more resilient to changing body condition than previously expected, with implications for their persistence under environmental change.
Effects of mite load on growth and body condition in Sceloporus undulatus
<p class="MsoNormal"><span>Parasitism is nearly ubiquitous in animals and is frequently associated with fitness costs in host organisms, including reduced growth, foraging, and reproduction. In many species, males tend to be more heavily parasitized than females and thus may bear greater costs of parasitism.</span><em> Sceloporus undulatus </em><span>is a female-larger, sexually-size dimorphic lizard species that is heavily parasitized by chigger mites (</span><em><span>Eutrombicula alfreddugesi</span></em>)<span>. In particular, the intensity of mite parasitism is higher in male than in female juveniles during the period of time when sex differences in growth rate lead to the development of sexual size dimorphism (SSD). Sex-biased differences in fitness costs of parasitism have been documented in other species. We investigated whether there are growth costs of mite ectoparasitism, at a time coinciding with sex differences in growth rate and the onset of SSD. If there are sex-biased growth costs of parasitism, then this could suggest a contribution to the development of SSD in</span><em> S. undulatus</em><span>. We measured growth and mite loads in two cohorts of unmanipulated, field-active yearlings by conducting descriptive mark-recapture studies during the activity seasons of 2016 and 2019. Yearling males had consistently higher mid-summer mite loads and consistently lower growth rates than females. However, we found that growth rate and body condition were independent of mite load in both sexes. Furthermore, growth rates</span><em> and </em><span>mite loads were higher in 2019 than in 2016. Our findings suggest that juveniles of</span><em> S. undulatus </em><span>are highly tolerant of chigger mites and that any costs imposed by mites may be at the expense of functions other than growth. We conclude that sex-biased mite ectoparasitism does not contribute to sex differences in growth rate and, therefore, does not contribute to the development of SSD.</span></p>
Environmental change reduces body condition, but not population growth, in a high-arctic herbivore
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Microclimate and host body condition influence mite population growth in a wild bird-ectoparasite system
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Effects of mite load on growth and body condition in Sceloporus undulatus
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Data from: Pay up or die: Tradeoffs between costly telomere maintenance, somatic growth, and body condition in embryonic and adult sand lizards
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Exercise training has morph-specific effects on telomere, body condition and growth dynamics in a color-polymorphic lizard
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Data from: Organizing effects of adverse early-life condition on body mass, compensatory growth and reproduction: experimental studies in rock pigeons
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Data from: Climate effects on growth, body condition and survival depend on the genetic characteristics of the population
Climatic change is expected to affect individual life-histories and population dynamics, potentially increasing vulnerability to extinction. The importance of genetic diversity has been highlighted for adaptation and population persistence. However, whether responses of life-history traits to a given environmental condition depend on the genetic characteristics of a population remains elusive. Here we tested this hypothesis in the lizard Zootoca vivipara, by simultaneously manipulating habitat humidity, a major climatic predictor of Zootoca's distribution, and adult male colour morph frequency, a trait with genome-wide linkage. Interactive effects of humidity and morph frequency had immediate effects on growth and body condition of juveniles and yearlings, and on adult survival, and delayed effects on offspring size. In yearlings, higher humidity led to larger female body size, and lower humidity led to higher male compared to female survival. In juveniles and yearlings, some treatment effects were compensated over time. The results show that individual responses to environmental conditions depend on the population's colour morph frequency, age class and sex, and that these affect intra- and inter-age class competition. Moreover, humidity affected the competitive environment, rather than imposing trait-based selection on specific colour morphs. This indicates that species' responses to changing environments, e.g. to climate change, are highly complex, and difficult to accurately reconstruct and predict without information on the genetic characteristics and demographic structure of populations.
Data from: Climate effects on growth, body condition and survival depend on the genetic characteristics of the population
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Embryonic stem cells differentiated into embryoid bodies. vs cells grown in regular growth conditions
GEO Series GSE10404. Mus musculus. 12 samples. Type: Expression profiling by array.
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Allen Brain Atlas
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International Brain Laboratory public data
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OpenNeuro
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