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14 results for “habitat guild”
Fig. 1 in Trophic guilds of fishes in sandbank habitats of a Neotropical river
Fig. 1. Scores for the fish species (a) and their food items (b) along Axes 1 and 2, derived from detrended correspondence analysis (DCA). The circles in (a) indicate the groups determined by the k-means analysis.
Fig. 2 in Trophic guilds of fishes in sandbank habitats of a Neotropical river
Fig. 2. Proportions of terrestrial, aquatic, and undetermined resources used by the fish trophic groups.
Fig. 3 in Trophic guilds of fishes in sandbank habitats of a Neotropical river
Fig. 3. Food resource availability, inferred from the volume of items in the stomachs analyzed for all species combined.
Wind energy development can lead to guild-specific habitat loss in boreal forest bats
<p>Forest management rarely considers protecting bats in Fennoscandian regions although all species rely on forest habitat at some point in their annual cycle. This issue is especially evident as wind parks have increasingly been developed inside Fennoscandian forests, against the advice of international bat conservation guidelines. In this study, we aimed to describe and explain bat community dynamics at a Norwegian wind park located in a boreal forest, especially to understand potential avoidance or attraction effects. The bat community was sampled acoustically and described using foraging guilds (short, medium, and long-range echolocators; SRE, MRE, LRE) as well as behavior (commuting, feeding and social calls). Sampling was undertaken at two locations per turbine: (i) the turbine pad and (ii) a paired natural habitat at ground level, as well as from a meteorological tower. We used a recently developed method for camera trapping nocturnal flying insects synchronously with bat acoustic activity. Our results reveal trends in feeding and general bat activity across foraging guilds in relation to insect availability, habitat type, wind, temperature, and seasonality. We show how seasonal patterns in behavior across guilds were affected by habitat type, temperature, and wind. We found that SRE commuting and especially feeding activity was highest in natural habitats, whereas LRE overall activity at habitats more season dependent. We found that nocturnal insect availability was positively correlated with total bat feeding activity throughout the night. Our results provide evidence for both direct and indirect risks to bat communities by wind parks: SRE bat habitat is lost to wind energy infrastructure and LRE bat may have an increased risk of fatality. Our findings provide important insights on seasonal and spatial variability in bat activity, which can inform standardizing monitoring of bats acoustically in boreal forests, at wind parks, and in combination with non-invasive insect monitoring.</p>
Wind energy development can lead to guild-specific habitat loss in boreal forest bats
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Figure 3 in Diaeretellus nymphaealis sp. n. (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Aphidiinae) - a new member of aphid parasitoid guilds associated with wetland habitats, with a key for identification of Diaeretellus species
Figure 3. (a) Diaeretellus ephippium, female. (b) D. heinzei, female, antenna (redrawn from Mackauer (1959)). (c) D. macrocarpus, female, flagellomeres 1 and 2. (d) D. macrocarpus, female, fore wing.
Figure 2 in Diaeretellus nymphaealis sp. n. (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Aphidiinae) - a new member of aphid parasitoid guilds associated with wetland habitats, with a key for identification of Diaeretellus species
Figure 2. Diaeretellus nymphaealis sp. nov. Female: (a) head; (b) mesoscutum; (c) propodeum; (d) petiole; (e) ovipositor sheaths; (g) fore wing. (f) Male genitalia.
Figure 1 in Diaeretellus nymphaealis sp. n. (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Aphidiinae) - a new member of aphid parasitoid guilds associated with wetland habitats, with a key for identification of Diaeretellus species
Figure 1. Diaeretellus nymphaealis sp. nov., female. (a) Antenna; (b) flagellomeres 1 and 2; (c) Flagellomere 11.
Figure 4 in Diaeretellus nymphaealis sp. n. (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Aphidiinae) - a new member of aphid parasitoid guilds associated with wetland habitats, with a key for identification of Diaeretellus species
Figure 4. Diaeretellus palustris, female. (a) Antenna; (b) flagellomeres 1 and 2; (c) petiole; (d) fore wing.
Habitat use of Amazonian birds varies by age and foraging guild along a disturbance gradient
<p>Patterns of habitat use directly influence a species' fitness, yet for many species an individual's age can influence patterns of habitat use. However, in tropical rainforests, which host the greatest terrestrial species diversity, little is known about how age classes of different species use different adjacent habitats of varying quality. We use long term mistnet data from the Amazon rainforest to assess patterns of habitat use among adult, adolescent (teenage), and young understory birds in forest fragments, primary, and secondary forest at the Biological Dynamics of Forest Fragments Project in Brazil. Insectivore adults were most common in primary forest, adolescents were equally likely in primary and secondary forest, and all ages were the least common in forest fragments. In contrast to insectivores, frugivores and omnivores showed no differences among all three habitat types. Our results illustrate potential ideal despotic distributions among breeding populations of some guilds of understory birds where adult insectivores may competitively exclude adolescent individuals from primary forest. Secondary forest recovery appears to hold promise as breeding habitat for frugivore and omnivore species but only as pre-breeding habitat for insectivores, but as the forest ages, the demographic structure of bird populations should match that of primary forest.</p>
Habitat use of Amazonian birds varies by age and foraging guild along a disturbance gradient
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Data from: Claw morphometrics in monitor lizards: variable substrate and habitat use correlate to shape diversity within a predator guild
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Data from: Fire frequency drives habitat selection by a diverse herbivore guild impacting top–down control of plant communities in an African savanna
In areas with diverse herbivore communities such as African savannas, the frequency of disturbance by fire may alter the top–down role of different herbivore species on plant community dynamics. In a seven year experiment in the Kruger National Park, South Africa, we examined the habitat use of nine common herbivore species across annually burned, triennially burned and unburned areas. We also used two types of exclosures (plus open access controls) to examine the impacts of different herbivores on plant community dynamics across fire disturbance regimes. Full exclosures excluded all herbivores > 0.5 kg (e.g. elephant, zebra, impala) while partial exclosures allowed access only to animals with shoulder heights ≤ 0.85 m (e.g. impala, steenbok). Annual burns attracted a diverse suite of herbivores, and exclusion of larger herbivores (e.g. elephant, zebra, wildebeest) increased plant abundance. When smaller species, mainly impala, were also excluded there were declines in plant diversity, likely mediated by a decline in open space available for colonization of uncommon plant species. Unburned areas attracted the least diverse suite of herbivores, dominated by impala. Here, herbivore exclusion, especially of impala, led to strong declines in plant richness and diversity. With no fire disturbance, herbivore exclusion led to competitive exclusion via increases in plant dominance and light limitation. In contrast, on triennial burns, herbivore exclusion had no effect on plant richness or diversity, potentially due to relatively little open space for colonization across exclosure treatments but also little competitive exclusion due to the intermediate fire disturbance. Further, the diverse suite of grazers and browsers on triennial burns may have had a compensating effect of on the diversity of grasses and forbs. Ultimately, our work shows that differential disturbance regimes can result in differential consumer pressure across a landscape and result in heterogeneous patterns in top–down control of community dynamics.
Data from: Fire frequency drives habitat selection by a diverse herbivore guild impacting top–down control of plant communities in an African savanna
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Allen Brain Atlas
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International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
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