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71 results for “habitat restoration”
Baltimore Ecosystem Study: Invertebrate and Restoration Habitat Data
An often-cited benefit of river restoration is an increase in biodiversity or shift in composition to more desirable taxa. Yet, hard manipulations of habitat structure often fail to elicit a significant response in terms of biodiversity patterns. In contrast to conventional wisdom, the dispersal of organisms may have as large an influence on biodiversity patterns as environmental conditions. This influence of dispersal may be particularly influential in river networks which are linear branching, or dendritic, and thus constrain most dispersal to the river corridor. As such, some locations in river networks, such as isolated headwaters, are expected to respond less to environmental factors and less by dispersal than more well-connected downstream reaches. We applied this metacommunity framework to study how restoration drives biodiversity patterns in river networks. By comparing assemblage structure in headwater versus more well-connected mainstem sites, we learned that headwater restoration efforts supported higher biodiversity, exhibited more stable ecological communities compared with adjacent, un-restored reaches. Such differences were not evident in mainstem reaches. Consistent with theory and mounting empirical evidence, we attribute this finding to a relatively higher influence of dispersal-driven factors on assemblage structure in more well-connected, higher order reaches. An implication of this work is that, if biodiversity is to be a goal of restoration activity, such local manipulations of habitat should elicit a more profound response in small, isolated streams than in larger downstream reaches. These results offer another significant finding supporting the notion that restoration activity cannot proceed in isolation of larger scale, catchment level degradation. This dataset represents the microhabitat sampling.
Restored off-channel pond habitats create thermal regime diversity and refuges within a Mediterranean-climate watershed
<p>Cool-water habitats provide increasingly vital refuges for cold-water fish living on the margins of their historical ranges; consequently, efforts to enhance or create cool-water habitat are becoming a major focus of river restoration practices. However, the effectiveness of restoration projects for providing thermal refuge and creating diverse temperature regimes at the watershed scale remains unclear. In the Klamath River in Northern California, the Karuk Tribe Fisheries Program, the Mid-Klamath Watershed Council, and the U.S. Forest Service constructed a series of off-channel ponds that recreate floodplain habitat and support juvenile coho salmon (<em>Oncorhynchus kisutch</em>) and steelhead (<em>Oncorhynchus mykiss</em>) along the Klamath River and its tributaries. We instrumented these ponds and applied multivariate auto-regressive time series models of fine-scale temperature data from ponds, tributaries, and the mainstem Klamath River to assess how off-channel ponds contributed to thermal regime diversity and thermal refuge habitat in the Klamath riverscape. Our analysis demonstrated that ponds provide diverse thermal habitats that are significantly cooler than creek or mainstem river habitats, even during severe drought. Wavelet analysis of long-term (10 years) temperature data indicated that thermal buffering (i.e. dampening of diel variation) increased over time but was disrupted by drought conditions in 2021. Our analysis demonstrates that in certain situations, human-made off-channel ponds can increase thermal diversity in modified riverscapes even during drought conditions, potentially benefiting floodplain-dependent cold-water species. Restoration actions that create and maintain thermal regime diversity and thermal refuges will become an essential tool to conserve biodiversity in climate-sensitive watersheds. </p>
Fig. 8 in Action Plan For The Fire-Bellied Toad Bombina Bombina In Latvia: Assessment Of The Implementation For Ten Years, Releasing From Aquaculture And Restoration Of Habitats In 2006-2016
Fig. 8. Fitted linear model of the relationship between Actions' implementation before and after BAP.
Fig. 7 in Action Plan For The Fire-Bellied Toad Bombina Bombina In Latvia: Assessment Of The Implementation For Ten Years, Releasing From Aquaculture And Restoration Of Habitats In 2006-2016
Fig. 7. Box-and-Whicker plots for Species Conservation and Habitats Conservation Sub-actions' implementation in points before and after BAP.
FIGURE 4 in Short-term response of fish assemblages to instream habitat restoration in heavily impacted streams
FIGURE 4 | Changes in environmental parameters (mean ± sd) depth, flow and structural diversity in pre and post-restoration conditions. C= Control treatment, W= Wood treatment, WL= Wood/leaf treatment, *= p-values <0,05.
FIGURE 1 in Short-term response of fish assemblages to instream habitat restoration in heavily impacted streams
FIGURE 1 | Map of the study area, highlighting the state of São Paulo and the location of the streams within the watersheds: Tietê River (streams P1, P2, P6 and P7), São José dos Dourados River (P3 and P4), and Turvo River (P5 and P8).
Habitat Assessment and Restoration Planning (HARP) Model for the Snohomish and Stillaguamish River Basins
<p>Model code (R) to accompany the 2023 NOAA report "Habitat Assessment and Restoration Planning (HARP) Model for the Snohomish and Stillaguamish River Basins"</p>
A habitat connectivity reality check for fish physical habitat model results and decision making for river restoration
<ol> <li>Fish physical habitat models are a tool for guiding restoration efforts in lotic ecosystems but often they overestimate restoration outcomes because currently they do not incorporate habitat connectivity. This persistent issue can, in extreme cases, result in little or no improvement to fish populations after the restoration, wasting valuable conservation resources.</li> <li>We present a case study where practitioners applied a fish habitat model for multiple life history stages of gravel spawning fishes to a 52 kilometer stretch of the Iller River but did so at a microscale implementation (every 200 meters). This approach provided an opportunity to assess the connectivity of gravel spawning fishes to find suitable habitats for all life history stages and seasonal movements.</li> <li>We used the assessed habitat estimates (availability of distinct habitat types within the 200 m reaches) to calculate the minimum distance a fish would need to go as it hypothetically “grew up” from egg to full spawning adult. We call this technique a reality check as it results in a decisive understanding of which areas were ultimately necessary to fulfill the life cycle of gravel spawning fishes, which standard assessments do not show.</li> <li>Our results show that complete connectivity still require long movement distances for vulnerable life stages to find suitable habitat. This contradicts standard practice, as restoration schemes and decision making often assume that connectivity inherently leads to more fish production without added habitat restoration.</li> <li>We recommend practitioners should perform this habitat connectivity approach when assessments implement fish habitat suitability models at similar scales. As a result, decision makers can evaluate proposed restoration sites and measures more realistically.</li> </ol>
Restored off-channel pond habitats create thermal regime diversity and refuges within a Mediterranean-climate watershed
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Data from: Habitat restorations in an urban landscape rapidly assemble diverse pollinator communities that persist
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Data and code for: Facilitating the recovery of insect communities in restored streams by increasing oviposition habitat
<p>Recruitment limitation is known to influence species abundances and distributions. Recognition of how and why it occurs both in natural and in designed environments could improve restoration. Aquatic insects, for instance, rarely re-establish in restored streams to levels comparable to reference streams even years after post-restoration. We experimentally increased oviposition habitat in five out of ten restored streams in western North Carolina to test whether insect egg-laying habitat was limiting insect populations in restored streams. A main goal was to test whether adding oviposition habitat in the form of rocks that partially protrude above the water surface could be used to increase the abundance and richness of stream insect eggs and larval insects in restored streams. Adding egg-laying habitat enhanced several response variables (e.g., protruding rocks, number of eggs, egg masses, egg morphotype richness, and oviposition habitat stability) to levels similar to those found in reference streams. Following the addition of protruding rocks, egg mass abundance increased by 186 % and richness increased by 77 % respectively in restored-treated streams. Densities of larval insects that attached their eggs to protruding rocks showed an overall pattern consistent with treatment effects due to the combination of non-significant and significant increases of several taxa and not just one taxon. Our results indicate that these stream insect populations are limited by oviposition habitat and that adding egg-laying habitat alleviated this component of recruitment limitation. However, the weaker larval response indicates that additional post-recruitment factors, such as egg or larval mortality, may still be limiting a full recovery of larval insect abundances in these restored streams. This study shows the importance of integrating information from animal life histories, ecology, and geomorphology into restoration practices to improve the recovery of aquatic insects, which are commonly used to assess water quality and the biological efficacy of stream restoration.</p>
Incorporating generalist seagrasses enhances habitat restoration in a changing environment
<p>Coastal habitat-forming species provide protection and essential habitat for fisheries but their ability to maintain these services are under threat from novel stressors including rising temperatures. Coastal habitat restoration is a powerful tool to help mitigate the loss of habitat-forming species, however, many efforts focus on reintroducing a single, imperiled species instead of incorporating alternatives that are more conducive to current and future conditions. Seagrass restoration has seen mixed success in halting local meadow declines but could begin to specifically utilize generalist seagrasses with climate change-tolerant and opportunistic life history traits including high reproduction rates and rapid growth.</p> <p>Here, we built on decades of successful eelgrass (<em>Zostera marina</em>) restoration in the Chesapeake Bay by experimentally testing seed-based restoration potential of widgeongrass (<em>Ruppia maritima</em>)<em> </em>– a globally distributed seagrass that can withstand wide ranges of salinities and temperatures. Using field experiments, we evaluated which seeding methods yielded highest widgeongrass survival and growth, tested if seeding widgeongrass adjacent to eelgrass can increase restoration success, and quantified how either seagrass species changes restored bed structure, invertebrate communities, and nitrogen cycling.</p> <p>We found widgeongrass can be restored via direct seeding in the fall, and that seeding both species maximized total viable restored area. Our pilot restoration area increased by 98% because we seeded widgeongrass in shallow, high temperature waters that are currently unsuitable for eelgrass survival and thus, would remain unseeded via only eelgrass restoration efforts. Restored widgeongrass<em> </em>had higher faunal diversity and double animal abundance per plant biomass than restored eelgrass, whereas restored eelgrass produced three times greater plant biomass per unit area and higher nitrogen recycling in the sediment.</p> <p><em>Synthesis and applications:</em> Overall, we provide evidence that supplementing opportunistic, generalist species into habitat restoration is a proactive approach to combat climate change impacts. Specifically, these species can increase trait diversity which, for our study, increased total habitat area restored - a key factor to promote seagrass beds' facilitation cascades, stability, and grass persistence through changing environments. Now, we call for tests to determine if the benefits of restoration with generalist species alone or in conjunction with historically dominant taxa are broadly transferrable to restoration in other marine and terrestrial habitats.</p>
Sod translocation to restore habitats of the myrmecophilous butterfly Phengaris (Maculinea) teleius on former agricultural fields
<p>In Europe, 50-70% of former natural grassland area has been destroyed during the past 30 years due to land use changes, losses are expected to increase in the future. Restoration is thought to reverse this situation by creating suitable abiotic conditions. In this paper, we investigate the effects of sod translocation with specific vegetation to facilitate the restoration of a former intensive agricultural field into a wet meadow. First, starting conditions were optimized including modification of the local hydrology, removal of the fertilized topsoil, application of liming, and translocation of fresh clippings as a seed source. The second part aimed at restoring the habitat for the butterfly species <em>Phengaris (Maculinea) teleius</em>, one of the species that was especially affected by the loss of wet meadows. This species engages in a complex myrmecophilous relationship with one host plant, <em>Sanguisorba officinalis</em>, and one obligate host ant, <em>Myrmica scabrinodis</em>. We used sod translocation to create islands of habitat to promote host plant and host ant colonization. After four years following the restoration, we observed that plants spread from the transplanted sods to the surroundings. The vegetation composition and structure of the transplanted sods attracted colonization of <em>Myrmica </em>ants into the restored areas. Following the increase in vegetation cover and height, <em>Myrmica </em>ant colonies further spread into the restored areas. Therefore, sod translocations can be considered an effective restoration method following topsoil removal in the process of restoring wet meadows to provide a starting point for ant colonization and plant dispersion. With these findings, this paper contributes to the evidence-based restoration of wet meadows on former agricultural fields, including complex interactions between invertebrates and their required ecological relationships. </p>
Fig. 5 in Action Plan For The Fire-Bellied Toad Bombina Bombina In Latvia: Assessment Of The Implementation For Ten Years, Releasing From Aquaculture And Restoration Of Habitats In 2006-2016
Fig. 5. Invasive fish Perccottus glenii from pond of B.bombina (Ainavas).
Fig. 6. B in Action Plan For The Fire-Bellied Toad Bombina Bombina In Latvia: Assessment Of The Implementation For Ten Years, Releasing From Aquaculture And Restoration Of Habitats In 2006-2016
Fig. 6. B.bombina populations found in Latvia before and after BAP.
Fig. 1. B in Action Plan For The Fire-Bellied Toad Bombina Bombina In Latvia: Assessment Of The Implementation For Ten Years, Releasing From Aquaculture And Restoration Of Habitats In 2006-2016
Fig. 1. B.bombina tadpoles in aquaculture in the Latgales Zoo.
Fig.3 in Action Plan For The Fire-Bellied Toad Bombina Bombina In Latvia: Assessment Of The Implementation For Ten Years, Releasing From Aquaculture And Restoration Of Habitats In 2006-2016
Fig.3. Two new micro-reserves Strauti and Katriniski, established for B.bombina after BAP.
Fig. 4. Optimized pond for B in Action Plan For The Fire-Bellied Toad Bombina Bombina In Latvia: Assessment Of The Implementation For Ten Years, Releasing From Aquaculture And Restoration Of Habitats In 2006-2016
Fig. 4. Optimized pond for B.bombina population in Katriniski.
Fig. 7. Restored habitat 3 in P R O J E C T S O N E M Y S O R B I C U L A R I S (R E P T I L I A: Testudines: Emydidae) In Latvia For Thirty Years (1984 - 2014): Biological Aspects, Results And Effect On Population And Ecosystems
Fig. 7. Restored habitat 3: ponds system and eggs-laying places.
Immigration credit of temperate forest herbs in fragmented landscapes – implications for restoration of habitat connectivity
<p>1. In many agricultural landscapes, it is important to restore networks of forests to provide habitat and stepping stones for forest specialist taxa. More knowledge is, however, needed on how to facilitate the immigration of such taxa in restored forest patches. Here, we present the first chronosequence study to quantify the dynamics of immigration credits of forest specialist plants in post-arable forest patches.</p> <p>2. We studied the distribution of herbaceous forest specialist plant species in 54 post-arable broadleaved forest patches along gradients of age (20-140 years since forest establishment), distance from ancient forest (0-2600 m) and patch area (0.5-9.6 ha). With Linear Mixed Models we estimated the effects of these factors on species richness, patch means of four dispersal-related plant traits and with Generalized Linear Models on the occurrence of 20 individual species.</p> <p>3. Post-arable forest patch age and spatial isolation from ancient forest, but not patch size, were important predictors for species richness of forest specialists, suggesting that also small patches are valuable for habitat connectivity. Compared to species richness in ancient forest stands, the immigration credit was reduced by more than 90% after 80 years in post-arable forest patches contiguous to ancient forest compared to 40% after 80 years and 60% after 140 years in isolated patches (at least 100 m to next forest). Tall-growing species with adaptations to long-distance dispersal were faster colonizers while species with heavy diaspores and clonal growth were slower to colonize.</p> <p>4. Synthesis and applications: We show that post-arable oak plantations have a high potential for restoration of forest herb vegetation. Dispersal-related plant traits play a key role in explaining interspecific differences among forest specialists. To facilitate forest herb immigration across all functional groups in agricultural landscapes, we suggest to create clusters of relatively small new forest patches nearby older forest with source populations.</p>
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Allen Brain Atlas
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Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
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International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
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