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26 results for “heatwave effects”
Cascade Project at North Temperate Lakes LTER: Aquatic heatwave effects on chlorophyll 2008-2019
Temperature and chlorophyll data were collated from multiple datasets to identify the effects of aquatic heatwaves on phytoplankton in three north temperate lakes, Peter Lake, Paul Lake, and Tuesday Lake between 2008 and 2019. Heatwaves were identified using a water temperature model constructed from temperature data from Sparkling Lake and Woodruff Airport between 1989 and 2022. Heatwave characteristics, water color, nutrients, grazing, and lake stability data are included to relate chlorophyll response to heatwaves to other conditions associated with a set of whole-lake experiments. The food web of Peter Lake was manipulated with largemouth bass additions between 2008 and 2011. Nutrient additions were made to Peter Lake and Tuesday Lake between 2013 and 2015, and again in Peter Lake in 2019. Paul Lake was always maintained as an unmanipulated reference lake. Full descriptions of the experiments can be found in Szydlowski et al., "Aquatic heatwaves increase surface chlorophyll concentrations in experimental and reference lakes."
Data supporting: Combined stress of an insecticide and heatwaves or elevated temperature induce community and food web effects in a Mediterranean freshwater ecosystem
<p>Data used to obtain the results of the research paper entitled: "Combined stress of an insecticide and heatwaves or elevated temperature induce community and food web effects in a Mediterranean freshwater ecosystem", published in the journal "Water Research". The data derives from an outdoor (meso-) cosm experiment in Spain (Imdea Water, Alcala de Henares) in which the transportable temperature and heatwave control device (TENTACLE) was used to investigate the multiple stressors effects of two different climate change scenarios related to temperature (i.e., elevated temperature and reoccurring heatwaves) in combination with the neonicotinoid insecticide imidacloprid.</p>
CLIMATE CHANGE EFFECTS ON A SUBTROPICAL COASTAL SHALLOW LAKE FROM HEATWAVE INDEXES
<p>This zipped folder contains the files used to generate the results of this article, submitted to the journal Earth Systems and Environment.</p>
Lethal and sublethal effects of marine heatwaves on octocorals early life history stages
<p>In this study, the effect of increased water temperature (+4 ºC and +6 ºC above ambient, 20 ºC) on larval survival and settlement was evaluated for two of the most representative Mediterranean octocoral species (<em>Eunicella singularis</em> and <em>Corallium rubrum</em>). Moreover, data on larval biomass and caloric consumption of larvae per day are also provided.Our study shows that warmer treatments did not affect the survival of symbiotic <em>E. singularis </em>larvae, but drastically reduced the survival of the non-symbiotic <em>C. rubrum</em> larvae. The results on larval biomass and caloric consumption suggest that higher mortality rates of <em>C. rubrum</em> exposed to increased temperature were not related to depletion of endogenous energy in larvae. The results also show that settlement rates of <em>E. singularis</em> did not change in response to elevated temperature after 20 days of exposure, but larvae may settle fast and close to their native population at 26 ºC (+6 ºC). Although previous experimental studies found that adult colonies of both octocoral species are mostly resistant to thermal stress, our results on early life history stages suggest that the persistence and inter-connectivity of local populations may be severely compromised under continued trends in ocean warming.</p>
Simulations of urban heat island effect in Paris Region during various types of heatwaves, and in different adaptation scenarios
<p><strong>Content</strong><br> - These data present air temperature, in the shade, 2m above grounds in Paris Region (projection: RGF93/Lambert 93, EPSG:2154) at different times of the day, for various heat waves conditions, and in different prospective scenarios for the built-up evolution and adaptation actions implementations.<br> - more information can be found here : https://www.umr-cnrm.fr/ville.climat/spip.php?rubrique45</p> <p><strong>Classification of the data</strong><br> - the first 5 letters (e.g. "CDFFA") present the prospective scenario<br> - the 4 following letters (e.g. "HW34") present the type of heat wave<br> - the following 2 letters (e.g. "D8") present the length of the heat wave (number of days after the beginning of the heat wave)<br> - the final letters (e.g. H15) represent the time (UTC : one hour should be added for French time) of the day</p> <p><strong>Prospective scenarios</strong><br> - the first letter is always C<br> - the second letter represents the expansion scenario. They are presented here : Lemonsu, A., Viguié, V., Daniel, M., Masson, V., 2015. Vulnerability to heat waves: Impact of urban expansion scenarios on urban heat island and heat stress in Paris (France). Urban Climate 14, 586–605.<br> - D stands for "dense development"<br> - F for business as usual scenario ("fil de l'eau" in French)<br> - V for a scenario with 10% more parks<br> - the third letter represents the building evolution scenario<br> - F stands for business as usual scenario<br> - V for a scenario with more insulation and reflective roofs<br> - the third letter represents AC use<br> - F stands for strong AC use<br> - M for moderate AC use<br> - N for no AC use<br> - the fourth letter represents vegetation watering<br> - N stands for no watering<br> - A for watering</p> <p><strong>Heat waves</strong><br> - the figure (e.g. "34" in "HW34") represents the intensity class, in °C of the heat wave. It is more precisely the maximum daily temperature observed without the impact of the urban heat island effect. (Tmax=34, 38, 42, or 46°C).</p> <p><strong>Other information</strong><br> - see the file "aggregated data.xls" for more information and data about energy consumption for AC, and averages of temperatures in the city over the entire day.</p> <p> </p>
Predators mitigate the destabilising effects of heatwaves on multitrophic stream communities
<p>Abstract</p> <p>Amidst the global extinction crisis, climate change will additionally expose ecosystems to more frequent and intense extreme climatic events, such as heatwaves. Yet, whether predator species loss—a prevailing characteristic of the extinction crisis—will exacerbate the ecological consequences of extreme climatic events remains largely unknown. Here, we show that predator species loss can interact with heatwaves to affect the compositional stability of ecosystems. By exposing multitrophic stream communities to realistic current and future heatwaves—locally informed by weather station data and downscaled regional climate projections—in the presence and absence of an apex fish predator, we found that heatwaves destabilised algal communities by homogenising them in space. However, this only happened when predators were absent. Additional heatwave impacts on multiple aspects of stream communities—including changes to the structure of algal and macroinvertebrate communities, total algal biomass, and the temporal variability of algal biomass—were not apparent during heatwaves and emerged only after the heatwaves had passed. Taken together, our results suggest that, though the ecological consequences of heatwaves can amplify over time as their impacts propagate through biological interaction networks, those impacts can be mitigated by the presence of predators. These findings underscore the importance of conserving trophic structure and the integrity of biological communities, and highlight the considerable potential for species extinctions to amplify the effects of climate change and extreme events.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>The dataset contains the Chlorophyll a concentrations of mesocosms measured during a multifactorial experiment from terracotta tiles with a Benthotorch fluorometer, as well as data on leaf dry mass decomposition, and macroinvertebrate community composition, richness, and abundance. We conducted an experiment looking at the combined effects of predator loss and heatwaves on multiple aspects of aquatic communities in semi-open mesocosms with immigration and emigration from the adjacent Horonai stream, in Tomakomai experimental forest, Hokkaido, Japan. Our focal predator was <em>Cottus nozawae</em>, a freshwater sculpin. We exposed 2/3 of our 48 mesocosms to heatwaves based on either observed current or projected future heatwaves and tested for interactions between predator presence/absence and heatwaves. Our dataset also contains algal time series for different functional groups (based on fluoroprobe chlorophyll a data) across our experiment, including dates that were not the focus of our analyses. See Methods section in the associated manuscript for details on data processing and the measurement of different experimental variables.</p> <p>Usage notes</p> <p>See readme file for further details and 'data descriptions.csv' file for descriptions of data structure.</p>
Heatwave effects on the behavior and life history traits of sedentary antlions
Research on the behavioral responses of animals to extreme weather events, such as heatwaves, is lacking even though their frequency and intensity in nature are increasing. Here, we investigated the behavioral response to a simulated heatwave in two species of antlions (Neuroptera: Myrmeleontidae). These insects spend the majority of their lives as larvae and live in sandy areas suitable for a trap-building hunting strategy. We used larvae of <i>Myrmeleon bore</i> and <i>Euroleon nostras</i>, which are characterized by different microhabitat preferences – sunlit in the case of <i>M. bore</i> and shaded in the case of <i>E. nostras</i>. Larvae were exposed to fluctuating temperatures (40ºC for 10 hours daily and 25ºC for the remaining time) or a constant temperature (25ºC) for an entire week. We found increased mortality of larvae under heat. We detected a reduction in the hunting activity of larvae under heat, which corresponded to changes in the body mass of individuals. Furthermore, we found long-term consequences of the simulated heatwave, as it prolonged the time larvae needed to molt. These effects were pronounced in the case of <i>E. nostras</i> but did not occur or were less pronounced in the case of <i>M. bore</i>, suggesting that microhabitat-specific selective pressures dictate how well antlions handle heatwaves. We thus present results demonstrating the connection between behavior and the subsequent changes to fitness-relevant traits in the context of a simulated heatwave. These results illustrate how even closely related species may react differently to the same event.
A marine heatwave changes the stabilizing effects of biodiversity in kelp forests
<p>The code and data are used in a preliminary manuscript, titled "A marine heatwave changes the stabilizing effects of biodiversity in kelp forests".</p>
Dataset and code for the study 'Heatwave effects on diel rhythms of insect activity: a comparison across habitats'
<p>Contained here are the csv dataset and R analysis code script underlying the report <em>Heatwave effects on diel rhythms of insect activity: a comparison across habitat</em>s. See <strong>metadata.pdf</strong> for details on the methodology, dataset and script.</p> <p> </p> <h3><strong>Version history</strong></h3> <table> <tbody> <tr> <td><strong>Version</strong></td> <td><strong>Date uploaded</strong></td> <td><strong>Changes made</strong></td> </tr> <tr> <td>v3</td> <td>9th March 2025</td> <td>Edited <strong>insect_script.R </strong>– for all plots with Wald 95% confidence intervals, added dashed lines to demarcate the edges of the shaded bands showing the confidence intervals, to make them more visible for colourblind readers.</td> </tr> <tr> <td>v2</td> <td>2nd March 2025</td> <td> <p>Edited <strong>metadata.pdf</strong> - added citation for key used for insect identification.</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td>v1</td> <td>31st October 2024</td> <td>[Original upload]</td> </tr> </tbody> </table>
Effect of Soil Moisture on Future Heatwaves over Eastern China: Convection-Permitting Regional Climate Simulations
<p>Data used in the manuscript "Effect of Soil Moisture on Future Heatwaves Over Eastern China: Convection-Permitting Regional Climate Simulations" which will be submitted to Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres.</p>
Data from: Effects of summer weather and heatwaves on wild boar activity
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Data from: Experimental heatwaves reduce the effectiveness of ejaculates at occupying female reproductive tracts in a model insect
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The importance of paternal effects in heatwaves
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Heatwave effects on the behavior and life history traits of sedentary antlions
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Data from: Contrasting effects of rhizosphere and sediment microbiota on seagrass performance in response to a simulated marine heatwave
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Data from: Investigating the effects of thermal variability and heatwaves on pond zooplankton communities and physiological traits
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Data and code from: Evidence of rare occurrences of the Phoenix effect in the Hawaiian corals Porites compressa and Montipora capitata following mortality induced by a marine heatwave
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Experimental data testing CO2 × heatwave effects in Pacific herring offspring including data on vital rates and experimental conditions
<p>Forage fish tend to respond strongly to environmental variability and therefore may be particularly sensitive to marine climate stressors. We used controlled laboratory experiments to assess the vulnerability of Pacific herring (<em>Clupea pallasii</em>) embryos to the combined effects of high <em>p</em>CO<sub>2</sub> and a simulated marine heatwave. The two <em>p</em>CO<sub>2</sub> treatments reflected current conditions (~550 µatm) and a future extreme level (~2,300 µatm). The dynamics of heatwave (i.e., rate of onset: ~0.85°C d-<sup>1</sup>; maximum intensity: +4.4°C) were modeled from the most extreme events detected by a long-term regional temperature dataset. Simultaneous exposure to these potential stressors did not affect embryo survival. However, the heatwave did elicit significant metabolic effects that included higher rates of routine metabolism (Q<sub>10</sub> = 1.15 - 1.72), growth (Q<sub>10</sub> = 1.87), rate of development to hatch (Q<sub>10</sub> = 3.01), and yolk consumption (Q<sub>10</sub> = 3.21) as well as a significant reduction in production efficiency (-10.8%) and a three-fold increase in the rate of developmental anomalies. By contrast, high <em>p</em>CO2 conditions produced comparatively small effects to vital rates, including a significant increase in time to hatch (+0.88 d) and a reduction in routine metabolic rate (-6.3%) under the ambient temperature regime only. We found no evidence that high <em>p</em>CO2 increased routine metabolic rate at either temperature. These results indicate that Pacific herring embryos possess sufficient physiological plasticity to cope with extreme seawater acidification under optimal and heatwave temperature conditions, although lingering metabolic inefficiencies induced by the heatwave may lead to important carry-over effects in later life-stages.</p>
Marine heatwave conditions drive carryover effects in a temperate sponge microbiome and developmental performance
<p><span>Marine heatwaves are increasingly subjecting organisms to unprecedented stressful conditions</span><span>, but the biological consequences of these events are still poorly understood. Here we experimentally tested the presence of carryover effects of heatwave conditions on the larval microbiome, settlers' growth rate and metamorphosis duration of the temperate sponge <em>Crella</em> <em>incrustans</em>.</span></p>
The effect of simulated marine heatwaves on green-lipped mussels, Perna canaliculus: A near-natural experimental approach
<p>Marine heatwaves (MHW) are projected for the foreseeable future, affecting aquaculture species, such as the New Zealand green-lipped mussel (<em>Perna canaliculus</em>). Thermal stress alters mussel physiology highlighting the adaptive capacity that allows survival in the face of heatwaves. Within this study, adult mussels were subjected to three different seawater temperature regimes: 1) low (sustained 18°C), 2) medium MHW (18 - 24°C, using a +1°C per week ramp) and high MHW (18 - 24°C, using a +2°C per week ramp). Sampling was performed over 11 weeks to establish the effects of temperature on <em>P. canaliculus</em> survival, condition, specific immune response parameters, and the haemolymph metabolome. The transient 25.5-26.5°C exposure resulted in 61% mortality, with surviving animals showing a metabolic adjustment within the aerobic energy production system, enabling the activation of molecular defence mechanisms. Utilisation of immune functions were seen within the cytology results where temperature stress affected the percentage of superoxide-positive haemocytes and haemocyte counts. From the metabolomics results an increase in antioxidant metabolites was seen in the high MHW survivors, possibly to counteract molecular damage. In the high MHW exposure group, mussels utilised anaerobic metabolism in conjunction with aerobic metabolism to produce energy, to uphold biological functions and survival. The effect of exposure time was mainly seen on very long-, and long chain fatty acids, with increases observed at weeks seven and eight. These changes were likely due to the membrane storage functions of fatty acids, with decreases at week eleven attributed to energy metabolism functions. This study supports the use of integrated analytical tools to investigate the response of marine organisms to heatwaves. Indeed, specific metabolic pathways and cellular markers are now highlighted for future investigations aimed at targeted measures. This research contributes to a larger program aimed to identify resilient mussel traits and support aquaculture management.</p>
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