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56 results for “historical ecology”
Historical and Ecological GIS Data from Manuel F. Correllus State Forest on Martha’s Vineyard 1830-1994
Sand-plain ecosystems are a priority for conservation because they are uncommon, support numerous rare or uncommon plant and animal species, serve as groundwater recharge areas, and are threatened by land development. The 5,200-acre Manuel F. Correllus State Forest, in the central part of Martha’s Vineyard, is part of one of the larger sand-plain ecosystems in New England. This GIS data package was created as part of a study on the history and ecology of Martha’s Vineyard and the state forest as part of an effort to understand sandplain landscapes and make management recommendations for their maintenance.
National Park Service - South Florida/Caribbean Inventory & Monitoring Network - SARI SET Surface Water level data from Salt River Bay National Historical Park and Ecological Preserve, St. Croix, US Virgin Islands.
Surface water level data (m) was collected in Salt River Bay National Historic Park and Ecological Preserve (SARI) by the South Florida/Caribbean Inventory and Monitoring Network (SFCN) as part of the Soil Elevation Table (SET) vital sign monitoring program. Water level data collected from 2017 to 2024 is included in this dataset. The water level data was collected using HOBOware Onset Water Level Data Loggers. This data-package is complete.
Local Ecological Knowledge and folk medicine in historical Esthonia, Livonia, Courland and Galicia, 1805-1905
<p>Background: Historical ethnobotanical data can provide valuable information about past human-nature relationships as well as serve as a basis for diachronic analysis. This thesis aims to document medicinal plant uses in the 19th century mentioned in German-language sources in the historical regions of Esthonia, Livonia, Courland and Galicia to analyse the gathered data in regard to plant families and medicinal use categories and finally to qualitatively compare the results with various studies from the study area and surrounding regions with recently acquired data as well as historical data.</p> <p>Methods: Data was mainly obtained by systematic manual search in various relevant historical German-language works focused on the medicinal use of plants. Data about plant and non-plant constituents, their usage, the mode of administration, used plant parts and their German and local names was extracted and collected into a database in the form of Use Reports.</p>
Data in support of Primack et al. 2022 Frontiers in Ecology & Environment: Historically excluded groups in ecology are undervalued and poorly treated
Hostile workplaces undermine efforts to make the ecological sciences more inclusive and welcoming. A survey sent to the Ecological Society of America membership and ECOLOG-L listserv subscribers provides a snapshot of a range of workplace experiences in ecology. The results of this survey are published as Primack et al. 2022. Historically excluded groups in ecology are undervalued and poorly treated. Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment. This dataset includes the survey results and code for data analysis.
Datasets of the Doctoral Dissertation: "A Geoarchaeological Approach to the Materiality and Historical Ecology of Earth Mounds: The Colina da Monte Site, Uruguay."
<p>These PDF files contain the datasets, workflows, and codes from Rocío M. López Cabral's Doctoral Dissertation project: "A Geoarchaeological Approach to the Materiality and Historical Ecology of Earth Mounds: The Colina da Monte Site, Uruguay."</p>
Dataset and R script used in "Local knowledge reconstructs historical resource use" published in Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment
<p>Data and R code used in: L. Castello, E.G. Martins, M. Sorice, E. Smith, M. Almeida, G.C.C. Bastos, L.G. Cardoso, M. Clauzet, A.P. Dopona, B. Ferreira, M. Haimovici, M. Jorge, J. Mendonça, A.O. Ávila-da-Silva, A.P.O. Roman, M. Ramires, L.M. Villwock, P.F.M. Lopes. (Year) Local knowledge reconstructs historical resource use. Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment.</p>
Code for: A century of wild bee sampling: historical data and neural network analysis reveal ecological traits associated with species loss
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Data from : Historical legacies and ecological determinants of grass naturalizations worldwide
<p>The global distribution of exotic species is the result of abiotic, biotic and dispersal<br> filtering processes that shape the movement and success of species outside their native<br> range. In this study we aim to understand how these filtering processes drive the fluxes<br> of grass species among regions, the factors that influence which species establish outside<br> of their native range, and where they do so.</p> <p><br> We used national and subnational checklists of native and introduced grass species<br> to determine the extent to which each region was a source or recipient of exotic grass<br> species. We asked how species traits may distinguish those grass species that have naturalized<br> outside their native range from those that have not, and how environmental<br> conditions are related to the distribution of exotic grass species.</p> <p><br> We found that exotic grass establishment is shaped by an array of factors including<br> characteristics of regions, traits of species and their interactions. Regions with a longer<br> history of human occupation and larger numbers of native grass species were generally<br> the most important sources of exotic species. Global flows of species were mostly<br> driven by a climate match between the native and exotic ranges, but were also highly<br> asymmetric, with regions with recent human arrival being the major hosts of exotic<br> grass species. Tall, annual and C4 grass species exhibited particularly high probabilities<br> of establishment outside their native range.</p> <p><br> Despite the idiosyncrasy and stochasticity characteristic of exotic species establishment,<br> this biogeographical analysis revealed important generalities across this large<br> plant group. Our results suggest that grass species that have co-occurred with humans<br> for a longer time may be better adapted to living in anthropogenic landscapes, explaining<br> the global asymmetry in species introductions.</p>
New species boundaries and the diversification history of marsh rat taxa clarify historical connections among ecologically and geographically distinct wetlands of South America
<p><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span>Taxa with broad geographic ranges that occur in different biomes and exhibit plastic morphological traits and/or adaptations to particular habitats make inferences about species boundaries especially challenging. However, technological and conceptual advances in the generation and analysis of genomic data have advanced the description of biodiversity. Here we address the outstanding questions about the delimitation of species in the genus <i>Holochilus, </i>a rodent with morphological specializations to wetland habitats, distributed through almost all the South America continent using genome‐wide SNP and morphometric data. Specifically, we apply a Bayesian model‐based species delimitation that revealed significant re-arrangements of species boundaries based on consideration of both morphometric and genomic data alone, or in combination. With these shifts in species boundaries, our results provide an insightful framework for inferring the group's biogeographic history and considering possible connections between disjoint biomes in South America. Because of the ecological constraints of the marsh rats, and with the proposed taxonomic re-arrangements, the significance of our findings extends beyond systematics and suggests how diversification might be associated with past ecological/environmental changes during the Pleistocene. Overall, this study highlights how genomic data can provide phylogenetic information for resolving relationships among species of <i>Holochilus</i>, but also the importance of integrative approaches to identify evolutionary independent species. For the relatively understudied vast wetlands of South America, a robust species delimitation framework therefore becomes a critical source of data relevant to hypotheses about the history of the biomes themselves.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
Archaeological mitogenomes illuminate the historical ecology of sea otters (Enhydra lutris) and the viability of reintroduction
<p class="CxSpFirst">Genetic analyses are an important contribution to wildlife reintroductions, particularly in the modern context of extirpations and ecological destruction. To address the complex historical ecology of the sea otter (<i>Enhydra lutris</i>) and its failed 1970s reintroduction to coastal Oregon, we compared mitochondrial genomes of pre-extirpation Oregon sea otters to extant and historical populations across the range. We sequenced the first complete ancient mitogenomes from archaeological Oregon sea otter dentine and historical sea otter dental calculus. Archaeological Oregon sea otters (N=20) represent ten haplotypes, which cluster with haplotypes from Alaska, Washington, and British Columbia, and exhibit a clear division from California haplotypes. Our results suggest that extant northern populations are appropriate for future reintroduction efforts. This project demonstrates the feasibility of mitogenome capture and sequencing from non-human dental calculus and the diverse applications of ancient DNA analyses to pressing ecological and conservation topics and the management of at-risk/extirpated species.</p>
Variation of chemical compounds in wild Heliconiini reveals ecological and historical contributions to the evolution of chemical defences in mimetic butterflies
<p>Evolutionary convergence of colour pattern in mimetic species is tightly linked with the evolution of chemical defences. Yet, the evolutionary forces involved in natural variations of chemical defences in aposematic species are still understudied. Herein, we focus on the evolution chemical defences in the butterfly tribe Heliconiini. These neo-tropical butterflies contain large concentrations of cyanogenic glucosides, cyanide-releasing compounds acting as predator deterrent. These compounds are either <i>de novo </i>synthesized or sequestered from their <i>Passiflora</i> host-plant, so that their concentrations may depend on host-plant specialization and host-plant availability. We sampled 375 wild Heliconiini butterflies across Central and South America, covering 43% species of this clade, and quantify individual variations in the different cyanogenic glucosides using liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry. We detected new compounds and important variations in chemical defences both within and among species. Based on the most recent and well-studied phylogeny of Heliconiini, we show that ecological factors such as mimetic interactions and host-plant specialization have a significant association with chemical profiles, but these effects are largely explained by phylogenetic relationships. Our results therefore suggest that shared ancestries largely contribute to chemical defence variation, pointing out at the interaction between historical and ecological factors in the evolution of Müllerian mimicry.</p>
Opening the museum's vault: Historical field records preserve reliable ecological data
<p><span>Museum specimens have long served as foundational data sources for ecological, evolutionary, and environmental research. Continued reimagining of museum collections is now also generating new types of data associated with, but beyond physical specimens, a concept known as "extended specimens". Field notes penned by generations of naturalists contain first-hand ecological observations associated with museum collections and comprise a form of extended specimens with the potential to provide novel ecological data spanning broad geographic and temporal scales. Despite their data-yielding potential, however, field notes remain underutilized in research due to their heterogeneous, unstandardized, and qualitative nature. We introduce an approach for transforming descriptive ecological notes into quantitative data suitable for statistical analysis. Tests with simulated and real-world published data show that field notes and our transformation approach retain reliable quantitative ecological information under a range of sample sizes and evolutionary scenarios. Unlocking the wealth of data contained within field records could facilitate investigations into the ecology of clades whose diversity, distribution, or other demographic features present challenges to traditional ecological studies, improve our understanding of long-term environmental and evolutionary change, and enhance predictions of future change.</span></p>
Data from: Historical field records reveal habitat as an ecological correlate of locomotor phenotypic diversity in the radiation of Neotropical Geophagini fishes
<p>Phenotypic macroevolutionary studies provide insight into how ecological processes shape biodiversity. However, the complexity of phenotype-ecology relationships underscores the importance of also validating phenotype-based ecological inference with direct evidence of resource use. Unfortunately, macroevolutionary scale ecological studies are often hindered by the challenges of acquiring taxonomically and spatially representative ecological data for large and widely distributed clades. The South American cichlid fish tribe Geophagini represents a continentally distributed radiation whose early locomotor morphological divergence suggests habitat as one ecological correlate of diversification, but an association between locomotor traits and habitat preference has not been corroborated. Field notes accumulated over decades of collecting across South America provide first-hand environmental records that can be mined for habitat data in support of macroevolutionary ecological research. In this study, we applied a newly developed method to transform descriptive field note information into quantitative habitat data, and used it to assess habitat preference and its relationship to locomotor morphology in Geophagini. Field note-derived data shed light on geophagine habitat use patterns and reinforced habitat as an ecological correlate of locomotor morphological diversity. Our work emphasizes the rich data potential of museum collections, including often overlooked material such as field notes, for evolutionary and ecological research.</p>
Interactions between phenanthrene exposure and historical chemical stress: Implications for fitness and ecological resilience of the sentinel species Daphnia magna
<div> <p>Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) arise from incomplete combustion of oil, coal, and gasoline, with lipophilic properties facilitating their widespread distribution and persistence. Due to their biochemical attributes, PAHs can accumulate in animal tissues, potentially causing mutagenic and carcinogenic effects. Since the industrial revolution, PAH concentrations in the environment have risen, with some areas showing levels from 0.159 to 33,090 µg/kg sediment. Despite acute toxicity studies showing adverse effects on freshwater organisms, the long-term impacts and synergistic interactions with other pollutants remain largely unexplored. </p> </div> <div> <p>This study investigates the impact of phenanthrene (PHE), a prominent PAH found in aquatic environments, on <em>Daphnia magna</em>, a species of significant ecological importance in freshwater ecosystems globally, being both a sentinel species for chemical pollution and a keystone organism in freshwater aquatic ecosystems. Leveraging the dormancy of <em>D. magna</em>, which spans decades or even centuries, we exposed strains with diverse histories of chemical contaminant exposure to environmentally relevant concentrations of PHE. Initially, acute exposure experiments were conducted in accordance with OECD guidelines across 16 <em>Daphnia</em> strains, revealing substantial variation in acute toxic responses, with strains naïve to chemical pollutants showing the lowest toxicity. Utilizing the median effect concentration EC10 derived from acute exposures, we assessed the impacts of chronic PHE exposure on the life history traits and ecological endpoints of the 16 strains. To elucidate how historical exposure to other environmental stressors may modulate the toxicity of PHE, temporal populations of <em>D. magna</em> resurrected from a lake with a well-documented century-spanning history of environmental impact were utilized. Our findings demonstrate that PHE exposure induces developmental failure, delays sexual maturation, and reduces adult size in <em>Daphnia</em>. Populations of <em>Daphnia</em> historically exposed to chemical stress exhibited significantly greater fitness impacts compared to naïve populations. This study provides crucial insights into the augmented effects of PAHs interacting with other environmental stressors. </p> </div>
Opening the museum’s vault: Historical field records preserve reliable ecological data
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
New species boundaries and the diversification history of marsh rat taxa clarify historical connections among ecologically and geographically distinct wetlands of South America
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Data from : Historical legacies and ecological determinants of grass naturalizations worldwide
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Archaeological mitogenomes illuminate the historical ecology of sea otters (Enhydra lutris) and the viability of reintroduction
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Variation of chemical compounds in wild Heliconiini reveals ecological and historical contributions to the evolution of chemical defences in mimetic butterflies
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Interactions between phenanthrene exposure and historical chemical stress: Implications for fitness and ecological resilience of the sentinel species Daphnia magna
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.