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57 results for “historical range”
Experimental repatriation of snowshoe hares along a southern range boundary reveals historical community interactions
<p>Climate change is altering interspecific interactions globally, yet community-level responses are difficult to predict due to both the direct and indirect effects of changing abiotic and biotic conditions. Snowshoe hares (<i>Lepus americanus</i>) are particularly vulnerable to decreasing snow cover and resultant camouflage mismatch. This species shares a suite of predators with alternative prey species including porcupines (<i>Erethizon dorsatum</i>) and ruffed grouse (<i>Bonasa umbellus</i>), and all three species historically exhibited synchronized population dynamics. Recently, the community has become partially disassembled, notably with the loss of snowshoe hares and associated enemy-mediated indirect interactions resulting from declining snow duration. Specifically, we hypothesized that the extirpation of hares in the early 1990s indirectly increased predation pressure on ruffed grouse and porcupines. To test our hypothesis, we experimentally translocated 96 snowshoe hares to a site within a regional ecotone between northern and southern forests where snowshoe hares were recently extirpated and monitored community members before, during and after translocation. Ruffed grouse were only loosely associated with the biotic interactions that linked porcupines and snowshoe hares, likely due to predation occurring from avian predators and strong negative direct effects of declining winter snow depths. In contrast, predation of neonate porcupines was virtually non-existent following repatriation, compared to periods without hares. This abrupt attenuation of predation did not increase overall survival due to increased non-predation mortality from cold, early spring weather. Porcupines directly benefitted from warming winters: decreased snow cover increased adult survival and warmer temperatures around parturition increased maternal condition and reduced non-predation causes of mortality for neonates. Our experimental manipulation suggests that enemy-mediated indirect interactions were likely important features of this community; however, climate change has disrupted these interactions, resulting in extirpation of a central prey species (snowshoe hare) and increased predation of an alternative prey species (porcupine). We show complex effects from climate change with some species directly and negatively affected, while others benefitted from direct effects of warming winters, but suffered negative effects from indirect interactions. Absent snowshoe hares and associated biotic interactions, continued persistence of this community module is unlikely, potentially resulting in altered no-analogue communities along trailing edge distributions.</p>
Linked collectors and determiners for: New Zealand forest-dwelling skinks of the Oligosoma oliveri (McCann) species-complex (Reptilia: Scincidae): reinstatement of O. pachysomaticum (Robb) and an assessment of historical distribution ranges.
Natural history specimen data linked to collectors and determiners held within, "New Zealand forest-dwelling skinks of the Oligosoma oliveri (McCann) species-complex (Reptilia: Scincidae): reinstatement of O. pachysomaticum (Robb) and an assessment of historical distribution ranges". Claims or attributions were made on Bionomia by volunteer Scribes, <a href="https://bionomia.net/dataset/62d23c6d-47a2-45b2-b066-f60dac27e9e1">https://bionomia.net/dataset/62d23c6d-47a2-45b2-b066-f60dac27e9e1</a> using specimen data from the dataset aggregated by the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, <a href="https://gbif.org/dataset/62d23c6d-47a2-45b2-b066-f60dac27e9e1">https://gbif.org/dataset/62d23c6d-47a2-45b2-b066-f60dac27e9e1</a>. Formatted as a Frictionless Data package.
Data from: Evolutionary responses to historic drought across the range of scarlet monkeyflower
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Experimental repatriation of snowshoe hares along a southern range boundary reveals historical community interactions
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SGS-LTER Historical LTER Soil water - neutron probe: field data (1983-1992) in ungrazed ESA (Ecosystem Stress Area) on the Central Plains Experimental Range, Nunn, Colorado, USA, ARS Study Number 10
This data package was produced by researchers working on the Shortgrass Steppe Long Term Ecological Research (SGS-LTER) Project, administered at Colorado State University. Long-term datasets and background information (proposals, reports, photographs, etc.) on the SGS-LTER project are contained in a comprehensive project collection within the Digital Collections of Colorado (http://digitool.library.colostate.edu/R/?func=collections&collection_id=3429). The data table and associated metadata document, which is generated in Ecological Metadata Language, may be available through other repositories serving the ecological research community and represent components of the larger SGS-LTER project collection. Long-term (1985-1992) dynamics and spatial variations in soil water below the evaporative zone were evaluated for a shortgrass steppe with a low and variable precipitation regime. Each of sandy loam, clay loam, and two sandy clay loam sites compromised a toposequence with upland, midslope, and lowland positions. Soil water was monitored at 15cm intervals providing estimates covering 22.5 to 97.5 cm depths. Soil water throughout the profile was highest in the clay loam and lowest in the sandy loam. However, stored soil water did not vary systematically among slope positions. Additional information and referenced materials can be found: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/82912
SGS-LTER Historical LTER Soil water - neutron probe: lysimeter field data (1983-1992) on the Central Plains Experimental Range, Nunn, Colorado, USA, ARS Study Number 10
This data package was produced by researchers working on the Shortgrass Steppe Long Term Ecological Research (SGS-LTER) Project, administered at Colorado State University. Long-term datasets and background information (proposals, reports, photographs, etc.) on the SGS-LTER project are contained in a comprehensive project collection within the Digital Collections of Colorado (http://digitool.library.colostate.edu/R/?func=collections&collection_id=3429). The data table and associated metadata document, which is generated in Ecological Metadata Language, may be available through other repositories serving the ecological research community and represent components of the larger SGS-LTER project collection. Long-term (1985-1992) dynamics and spatial variations in soil water below the evaporative zone were evaluated for a shortgrass steppe with a low and variable precipitation regime. Each of sandy loam, clay loam, and two sandy clay loam sites compromised a toposequence with upland, midslope, and lowland positions. Soil water was monitored at 15cm intervals providing estimates covering 22.5 to 97.5 cm depths. Soil water throughout the profile was highest in the clay loam and lowest in the sandy loam. However, stored soil water did not vary systematically among slope positions. Additional information and referenced materials can be found: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/82912
SGS-LTER Historical LTER Soil water - neutron probe: field data (1985-1992) in Owl Creek on the Central Plains Experimental Range, Nunn, Colorado, USA, ARS Study Number 10
This data package was produced by researchers working on the Shortgrass Steppe Long Term Ecological Research (SGS-LTER) Project, administered at Colorado State University. Long-term datasets and background information (proposals, reports, photographs, etc.) on the SGS-LTER project are contained in a comprehensive project collection within the Digital Collections of Colorado (http://digitool.library.colostate.edu/R/?func=collections&collection_id=3429). The data table and associated metadata document, which is generated in Ecological Metadata Language, may be available through other repositories serving the ecological research community and represent components of the larger SGS-LTER project collection. Long-term (1985-1992) dynamics and spatial variations in soil water below the evaporative zone were evaluated for a shortgrass steppe with a low and variable precipitation regime. Each of sandy loam, clay loam, and two sandy clay loam sites compromised a toposequence with upland, midslope, and lowland positions. Soil water was monitored at 15cm intervals providing estimates covering 22.5 to 97.5 cm depths. Soil water throughout the profile was highest in the clay loam and lowest in the sandy loam. However, stored soil water did not vary systematically among slope positions. Additional information and referenced materials can be found: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/82912
SGS-LTER Historical LTER Soil water - neutron probe: field data (1984-1992) in Section 15, Sandy on the Central Plains Experimental Range, Nunn, Colorado, USA, ARS Study Number 10
This data package was produced by researchers working on the Shortgrass Steppe Long Term Ecological Research (SGS-LTER) Project, administered at Colorado State University. Long-term datasets and background information (proposals, reports, photographs, etc.) on the SGS-LTER project are contained in a comprehensive project collection within the Digital Collections of Colorado (http://digitool.library.colostate.edu/R/?func=collections&collection_id=3429). The data table and associated metadata document, which is generated in Ecological Metadata Language, may be available through other repositories serving the ecological research community and represent components of the larger SGS-LTER project collection. Long-term (1985-1992) dynamics and spatial variations in soil water below the evaporative zone were evaluated for a shortgrass steppe with a low and variable precipitation regime. Each of sandy loam, clay loam, and two sandy clay loam sites compromised a toposequence with upland, midslope, and lowland positions. Soil water was monitored at 15cm intervals providing estimates covering 22.5 to 97.5 cm depths. Soil water throughout the profile was highest in the clay loam and lowest in the sandy loam. However, stored soil water did not vary systematically among slope positions. Additional information and referenced materials can be found: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/82912
SGS-LTER Historical LTER Soil water - neutron probe: field data (1984-1992) in Section 25, Shale on the Central Plains Experimental Range, Nunn, Colorado, USA, ARS Study Number 10
This data package was produced by researchers working on the Shortgrass Steppe Long Term Ecological Research (SGS-LTER) Project, administered at Colorado State University. Long-term datasets and background information (proposals, reports, photographs, etc.) on the SGS-LTER project are contained in a comprehensive project collection within the Digital Collections of Colorado (http://digitool.library.colostate.edu/R/?func=collections&collection_id=3429). The data table and associated metadata document, which is generated in Ecological Metadata Language, may be available through other repositories serving the ecological research community and represent components of the larger SGS-LTER project collection. Long-term (1985-1992) dynamics and spatial variations in soil water below the evaporative zone were evaluated for a shortgrass steppe with a low and variable precipitation regime. Each of sandy loam, clay loam, and two sandy clay loam sites compromised a toposequence with upland, midslope, and lowland positions. Soil water was monitored at 15cm intervals providing estimates covering 22.5 to 97.5 cm depths. Soil water throughout the profile was highest in the clay loam and lowest in the sandy loam. However, stored soil water did not vary systematically among slope positions. Additional information and referenced materials can be found: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/82912
SGS-LTER Historical LTER Soil water - neutron probe: field data (1983-1992) across topography on the Central Plains Experimental Range, Nunn, Colorado, USA, ARS Study Number 10
This data package was produced by researchers working on the Shortgrass Steppe Long Term Ecological Research (SGS-LTER) Project, administered at Colorado State University. Long-term datasets and background information (proposals, reports, photographs, etc.) on the SGS-LTER project are contained in a comprehensive project collection within the Digital Collections of Colorado (http://digitool.library.colostate.edu/R/?func=collections&collection_id=3429). The data table and associated metadata document, which is generated in Ecological Metadata Language, may be available through other repositories serving the ecological research community and represent components of the larger SGS-LTER project collection. Long-term (1985-1992) dynamics and spatial variations in soil water below the evaporative zone were evaluated for a shortgrass steppe with a low and variable precipitation regime. Each of sandy loam, clay loam, and two sandy clay loam sites compromised a toposequence with upland, midslope, and lowland positions. Soil water was monitored at 15cm intervals providing estimates covering 22.5 to 97.5 cm depths. Soil water throughout the profile was highest in the clay loam and lowest in the sandy loam. However, stored soil water did not vary systematically among slope positions. Additional information and referenced materials can be found: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/82912
Data from: Herbarium specimens reveal a historical shift in phylogeographic structure of common ragweed during native range disturbance
Invasive plants provide ample opportunity to study evolutionary shifts that occur after introduction to novel environments. However, although genetic characters pre-dating introduction can be important determinants of later success, large-scale investigations of historical genetic structure have not been feasible. Common ragweed (Ambrosia artemisiifolia L.) is an invasive weed native to North America that is known for its allergenic pollen. Palynological records from sediment cores indicate that this species was uncommon before European colonization of North America, and ragweed populations expanded rapidly as settlers deforested the landscape on a massive scale, later becoming an aggressive invasive with populations established globally. Toward a direct comparison of genetic structure now and during intense anthropogenic disturbance of the late 19th century, we sampled 45 natural populations of common ragweed across its native range as well as historical herbarium specimens collected up to 140 years ago. Bayesian clustering analyses of 453 modern and 473 historical samples genotyped at three chloroplast spacer regions and six nuclear microsatellite loci reveal that historical ragweed's spatial-genetic structure mirrors both the paleo-record of Ambrosia pollen deposition and the historical pattern of agricultural density across the landscape. Furthermore, for unknown reasons this spatial-genetic pattern has changed substantially in the intervening years. Following on previous work relating morphology and and genetic expression between plants collected from eastern North America and Western Europe, we speculate that the cluster associated with humans' rapid transformation of the landscape is a likely source of these aggressive invasive populations.
Data from: Evidence for adaptive responses to historic drought across a native plant species range
As climatic conditions change, species will be forced to move or adapt to avoid extinction. Exacerbated by ongoing climate change, California recently experienced a severe and exceptional drought from 2011-2017. To investigate whether an adaptive response occurred during this event, we conducted a "resurrection" study of the cutleaf monkeyflower (Mimulus laciniatus), an annual plant, by comparing trait means and variances of ancestral seed collections ("pre-drought") with contemporary descendant collections ("drought"). Plants were grown under common conditions to test whether this geographically-restricted species has the capacity to respond evolutionarily to climate stress across its range. We examined if traits shifted in response to the recent, severe drought and included populations across an elevation gradient, including populations at the low- and high-elevation edges of the species range. We found that time to seedling emergence in the drought generation was significantly earlier than in the pre-drought generation, a response consistent with drought adaptation. Additionally, trait variation in days to emergence was reduced in the drought generation, which suggests selection or bottleneck events. Days to first flower increased significantly by elevation, consistent with climate adaptation across the species range. Drought generation plants were larger and had greater reproduction, which was likely a carryover effect of earlier germination. These results demonstrate that rapid shifts in trait means and variances consistent with climate adaptation are occurring within populations, including peripheral populations at warm and cold climate limits, of a plant species with a relatively restricted range that has so far not shifted its elevation distribution during contemporary climate change. Thus, rapid evolution may mitigate, at least temporarily, range shifts under global climate change. This study highlights the need for better understanding rapid adaptation as a means for plant communities to cope with extraordinary climate events.
Historical Arabidopsis thaliana genomes from across its native range.
<p>We report short-read Illumina sequencing of 131 <em>Arabidopsis thaliana </em>herbarium specimens across its native range collected from 1820 to 2010. Sequencing depth averaged ~6X across these genomes. Sequences from the herbarium samples showed the expected degradation patterns typical of ancient DNA with endogenous DNA content between 18.01-88.26% (mean 56%; median 74%) and enrichment of cytosine to thymine substitutions at fragment ends. We provide access to the sequences upon request.</p>
Data from: Historical human activities reshape evolutionary trajectories across both native and introduced ranges
<p>The same vectors that introduce species to new ranges could move them among native populations, but how human‐mediated dispersal impacts native ranges has been difficult to address because human‐mediated dispersal and natural dispersal can simultaneously shape patterns of gene flow. Here, we disentangle human‐mediated dispersal from natural dispersal by exploiting a system where the primary vector was once extensive but has since ceased. From 10th to 19th Centuries, ships in the North Atlantic exchanged sediments dredged from the intertidal for ballast, which ended when seawater ballast tanks were adopted. We investigate genetic patterns from RADseq‐derived SNPs in the amphipod <i>Corophium volutator</i> (<i>n</i> = 121; 4,870 SNPs) and the annelid <i>Hediste diversicolor</i> (<i>n</i> = 78; 3,820 SNPs), which were introduced from Europe to North America, have limited natural dispersal capabilities, are abundant in intertidal sediments, but not commonly found in modern water ballast tanks. We detect similar levels of genetic subdivision among introduced North American populations and among native European populations. Phylogenetic networks and clustering analyses reveal population structure between sites, a high degree of phylogenetic reticulation within ranges, and phylogenetic splits between European and North American populations. These patterns are inconsistent with phylogeographic structure expected to arise from natural dispersal alone, suggesting human activity eroded ancestral phylogeographic structure between native populations, but was insufficient to overcome divergent processes between naturalized populations and their sources. Our results suggest human activity may alter species' evolutionary trajectories on a broad geographic scale via regional homogenization and global diversification, in some cases precluding historical inference from genetic data.</p>
Historic and contemporary biogeographic perspectives on range-wide spatial genetic structure in a widespread seagrass
<p>This raw data set contains multilocus genotypes for 1,312 individual samples from 44 locations.</p> <p>Aim: Historical and contemporary processes drive spatial patterns of genetic diversity. These include climate-driven range shifts and gene flow mediated by biogeographical influences on dispersal. Assessments that integrate these drivers are uncommon, but critical for testing biogeographic hypotheses. Here, we characterise intraspecific genetic diversity and its spatial structure across the entire distribution of a temperate seagrass to test marine biogeographic concepts for southern Australia.</p> <p>Location: Temperate Australian coastal waters</p> <p>Methods: Predictive modelling was used to contrast the current <em>Posidonia australis</em> distribution to its historical distribution during the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM). Spatial genetic structure was estimated for 44 sampled meadows from across the geographical range of the species using nine microsatellite loci. </p> <p>Results: Historical and contemporary distributions were similar, with the exception of the Bass Strait. Genetic clustering was consistent with the three currently recognised biogeographic provinces and largely consistent with the finer-scale <span>IMCRA </span>bioregions. Discrepancies were found within the Flindersian province and southwest IMCRA bioregion, while two regions of admixture coincided with transitional bioregions. Clonal diversity was highly variable, but positively associated with latitude. Genetic differentiation among meadows was significantly associated with oceanographic distance.</p> <p>Main conclusions: Our approach suggests how shared seascape drivers have influenced the capacity of <em>P. australis</em> to effectively track sea level changes associated with natural climate cycles over millennia, <span>and in particular, the recolonisation of meadows across the Continental Shelf following the LGM</span>. Genetic structure associated with IMCRA bioregions reflects the presence of stable biogeographic barriers, such as oceanic upwellings. This study highlights the importance of biogeography to infer the role of historical drivers in shaping extant diversity and structure. </p>
Data from: Herbarium specimens reveal a historical shift in phylogeographic structure of common ragweed during native range disturbance
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Data from: Historical human activities reshape evolutionary trajectories across both native and introduced ranges
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Data from: Evidence for adaptive responses to historic drought across a native plant species range
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Historic and contemporary biogeographic perspectives on range-wide spatial genetic structure in a widespread seagrass
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Current climate overrides historical effects on species richness and range size of freshwater plants in Europe and North America
<p>1. The latitudinal diversity gradient (LDG) hypothesis suggests that species richness should be highest at low latitudes, whereas Rapoport's rule states that largest ranges ought to be found for species at high latitudes. However, there is no consensus over these patterns and their underlying drivers in the freshwater realm.</p> <p>2. We investigated species richness and mean range size of freshwater plants in 50 km × 50 km grid cells across Europe (40°N to 71°N) and North America (25°N to 78°N), supplemented with data based on 1° latitudinal bands for mean range size. We were especially interested to find out whether there are similarities and differences in these ecogeographical patterns and their underlying drivers between the continents due to their contrasting historical characteristics, spatial extent and topography. </p> <p>3. First, we used partial regression to reveal whether species richness and mean range size of freshwater plants have a linear or quadratic relationship with latitude. Second, we employed variation partitioning based on partial regression to model relationships between plant species richness and mean range size and four explanatory variable groups (i.e., environmental features, current climate, historical climate and geographical location). Third, we utilized boosted regression tree analysis to further investigate species richness and mean range size of freshwater plants in relation to a set of explanatory variables. </p> <p>4. Our results revealed that species richness showed relatively similar patterns in relation to latitude between the continents. Similarly, mean range size trends were alike in North America whether we used 50 km x 50 km grid cell data or 1° latitudinal bands. Instead, different patterns in mean range size emerged between the used data sets in Europe. For both of species richness and mean range size, current climate (with different individual predictor variables) was the main driver in both the continents, but historical effects had a small influence on the response variables.</p> <p>5. <i>Synthesis</i>. Our findings indicated that major ecogeographical rules can strongly vary for the same taxonomic group across broad scales between continents. It is also premature to rely solely on well-known terrestrial taxonomic groups when drawing generalizations about ecogeographical rules.</p>
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.