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249 results for “human selection”
Global Human Settlement Layer per zoom-level 18 Quadtree tile for selected countries as Spatialite database with OpenStreetMap building completeness assessment
<p>This Spatialite database contains the built-up area of the Global Human Settlement Layer (GHSL) per zoom-level 18 Quadtree tile. Additionally, it provides a comparison of the GHSL with buildings in OpenStreetMap: For each tile the built-up ratio between the building footprints and the GHSL is given and a binary completeness assessment (buildings complete, not complete) is provided for easy use. This dataset was created using the obmgapanalysis tool: https://git.gfz-potsdam.de/dynamicexposure/openbuildingmap/obmgapanalysis</p>
Data to "Object visibility, not energy expenditure, accounts for spatial biases in human grasp selection"
<p>This record contains experimental and analysis scripts (written in Matlab) as well as raw and processed data to reproduce the results shown in:</p> <p><strong>Maiello, G</strong>.<sup> †</sup>, Paulun, V. C.<sup> †</sup>, Klein, L. K. , & Fleming, R. W. (2018) Object visibility, not energy expenditure, accounts for spatial biases in human grasp selection. <em>i-Perception,10</em>(1), 1–5. doi:10.1177/2041669519827608.</p> <p><sup>†</sup>co-first authors</p>
Robust functional mapping of layer-selective responses in human lateral geniculate nucleus with high-resolution 7T fMRI
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Data from: Selectivity of Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factor-mediated Cdc42 activation in primary human endothelial cells
<p>Data that was reported in "Selectivity of Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factor-mediated Cdc42 activation in primary human endothelial cells" by </p> <p>Nathalie R. Reinhard<sup>1</sup>, Sanne van der Niet<sup>1</sup>, Anna Chertkova<sup>1</sup>, Marten Postma<sup>1</sup>, Theodorus W.J. Gadella Jr.<sup>1</sup>, Peter L. Hordijk<sup>1,2</sup>, and Joachim Goedhart<sup>1*</sup><br> </p> <p><strong>Affiliations:</strong></p> <p><sup>1 </sup>University of Amsterdam, Molecular Cytology, Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, van Leeuwenhoek Centre for Advanced Microscopy, Amsterdam, the Netherlands</p> <p><sup>2 </sup>Department of Physiology, Free University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands</p> <p> </p> <p>*Correspondence to: j.goedhart@uva.nl</p>
Data for: Patterns of shared signatures of recent positive selection across human populations
<p>Genome-wide summary stats for modified iHS scan in 1KG as reported in:</p> <p><a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29459708/">Patterns of shared signatures of recent positive selection across human populations.</a></p> <p>Johnson KE, Voight BF.Nat Ecol Evol. 2018 Apr;2(4):713-720. doi: 10.1038/s41559-018-0478-6. Epub 2018 Feb 19.</p> <p>PMID: 29459708</p> <p>Code available at: https://github.com/bvoightlab/iHS_calc</p>
Data for: Hunting mode and habitat selection mediate the success of human hunters
<p class="MsoNormal"><span>As a globally widespread apex predator, humans have unprecedented lethal and non-lethal effects on prey populations and ecosystems<span>. </span>Yet compared to non-human predators<span>, little is known about the </span>drivers and consequences of<span> </span>human<span> hunt</span>ing behavior<span>.<strong> </strong>Here, we characterized the hunting modes, habi</span>tat selection,<span> and harvest success of 483 rifle hunters in California</span> using<span> high-resolu</span>tion <span>GPS </span>data<span>. We used Hidden Markov Models to characterize fine-scale behavior, and k-means clustering to group hunters by hunting mode, on the basis of their time spent in each behavioral state. Hunters exhibited three distinct and successful hunting modes ("coursing", "stalking", and "sit-and-wait"), with stalking as the most successful strategy. Across hunting modes, there was variation in patterns of selection for roads, topography, and habitat cover, with </span>important<span> differences in habitat use of successful and unsuccessful hunters across modes. Our study indicates that hunters can successfully employ a diversity of harvest strategies, and </span>that<span> hunting success </span>is <span>mediated by the </span>interacting effects of<span> hunting mod</span>e and <span>landscape features. Such results high</span>light the breadth of human hunting modes, even within a single hunting technique, and lend insight into the varied ways that humans exert predation pressure on wildlife.</span></p>
Main model fits and substitution rate predictions for: A quantitative genetic model of background selection in humans
<p>Across the human genome, there are large-scale fluctuations in genetic diversity caused by the indirect effects of selection. This can be thought of as a "linked selection signal" that reflects the impact of selection varying according to the placement of functional regions and recombination rates along the genome. Previous work has shown that negative selection against the steady influx of new deleterious mutations into conserved regions is the predominant mode of selection in humans. However, the theoretic model that underpins these results, classic Background Selection theory, is only applicable when new mutations are so deleterious that they cannot fix in the population. Here, we develop a statistical method based on a quantitative genetics view of the linked selection, which models the effects of weak draft created according to how polygenic additive fitness variance is distributed along the genome. We use a recent model that jointly predicts the equilibrium fitness variance and substitution rates due to both strong and weakly deleterious mutations, we estimate the distribution of fitness effects (DFE) and mutation rate across three human populations. While our model can accommodate weaker selection, we initially find evidence across three human populations of very strong selection against deleterious mutations consistent with previous work. However, the corollary predicted substitution rates for conserved regions are unreasonably low, and in disagreement with observed rates. We hypothesize this could be due to selected sites experiencing a further diminished population size due to selective interference. When we account for this in our method, we find evidence of weakly deleterious mutations in conserved regions which brings the predicted substitution rate into agreement with observations. However, these models lead to implausibly large mutation rate estimates. Overall, while our model of the genomic linked selection signal brings us a step towards uniting population and quantitative genetic selection models with the substitution process, our work suggests considerable uncertainty remains about the processes generating fitness variance in humans.</p>
Raw diffraction images of the crystal structure of human VISTA extra cellular domain in complex with Fab fragment of pH-selective anti-VISTA antibody
<p>The diffraction datasets was collected at X10SA, SLS. The dataset was collected from one crystal using a rotation scheme for 222º oscillation with the following experimental parameters; Wavelength: 0.9998 Å, Detector: EIGER2 Si 16M (DECTRIS Co. Ltd.). The crystal belonged to space group C 1 2 1 with unit cell parameters a=207.66, b=39.51, c=177.98 Å, and beta=117.12°.</p><p>PDB ID: 8TBQ</p>
Raw diffraction images of human orexin 2 receptor bound to the subtype-selective antagonist EMPA
<p>Human orexin 2 receptor (OX2R) is a member of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCR). OX2R plays important roles in modulating feeding behavior and regulating the sleep-wake cycle.</p> <p>805 small-wedge (1-6°/crystal) datasets collected from loop-harvested microcrystals using MX225HS CCD detector at a wavelength of 1 Å on BL32XU, SPring-8. The crystals belonged to space group C2 with unit cell parameters a=94.1, b=75.5, c=95.9 Å, β=111.4°.</p> <p>631 datasets were merged at 1.96 Å resolution in the published result (Suno et al. Structure 2017; PDB code: 5WQC) using KAMO; see https://github.com/keitaroyam/yamtbx/wiki/Processing-OX2R-data-(5WQC)</p> <p>Note</p> <ul> <li>Most frames have lipid rings.</li> <li>One dataset (not included in the published result) was lost for some reason (so 804 datasets are available).</li> </ul>
Selectivity profiling of multi-kinase inhibitors across the Human Kinome from ChEMBL
<p>Reported is the list of 596 protein kinase pairs, consisting of 141 kinases and selectivity profiles of 10,060 multi-kinase inhibitors found in ChEMBL23 high-confidence data. For each of the reported protein kinase pairs, UniProt IDs defining the kinase forming a pair is provided, as well as the shared inhibitors and their selectivity profiles. For each target within the pair, potency value for each compound is reported as pIC50 value, as well as the absolute potency difference used to assess the selectivity profiles.</p>
Data from: Human avoidance, selection for darkness and prey activity explain wolf diel activity in a highly cultivated landscape
<p>Wildlife that share habitats with humans with limited options for spatial avoidance must either tolerate frequent human encounters or concentrate their activity on those periods with the least risk of encountering people. Based on 5,259 camera trap images of adult wolves from eight territories, we analyzed the extent to which diel activity patterns in a highly cultivated landscape with extensive public access (Denmark) could be explained by diel variation in darkness, human activity, and prey (deer) activity. A resource selection function that contrasted every camera observation (use) with 24 alternative hourly observations from the same day (availability), revealed that diel activity correlated with all three factors simultaneously with human activity having the strongest effect (negative), followed by darkness (positive) and deer activity (positive). A model incorporating these three effects had lower parsimony and classified use and availability observations just as well as a 'circadian' model that smoothed the use-availability ratio as a function of time of the day. Most of the selection for darkness was explained by variation in human activity, supporting the notion that nocturnality (proportion of observations registered at night vs. day at the equinox) is a proxy for temporal human avoidance. Contrary to our expectations, wolves were no more nocturnal in territories with unrestricted public access than in territories where public access was restricted to roads, possibly because wolves in all territories had few possibilities to walk more than a few hundred meters without crossing roads. Overall, Danish wolf packs were 6.5 (95% CI: 4.6-9.6) times more active at night than at daylight, which makes them amongst the most nocturnally active wolves reported so far. These results confirm the prediction that wolves in habitats with limited options for spatial human avoidance, invest more in temporal avoidance.</p>
Data from: Home range and habitat selection of wolves recolonising Central European human-dominated landscapes
<p>Decades of persecution has resulted in the long-term absence of grey wolves (<em>Canis lupus</em>) from most European countries. However, recent changes in both legislation and public attitudes toward wolves has eased the pressure, allowing wolves to rapidly re-establish territories in their previous Central European habitats over the last 20 years. Unfortunately, these habitats are now heavily altered by humans. Understanding the spatial ecology of wolves in such highly modified environments is crucial, given the high potential for conflict and the need to reconcile their return with multiple human concerns. We equipped 20 wolves, originating from seven packs in six Central European regions, with GPS collars, allowing us to calculate monthly average home range sizes for 14 of the animals of 213.3 km2 using Autocorrelated Kernel Density Estimation. We then used ESA WorldCover data to assess the mosaic of available habitats used within each home range. Our data confirmed a general seasonal pattern for breeding individuals, with smaller apparent home ranges during the reproduction phase, and no specific pattern for non-breeders. Predictably, our wolves showed a general preference for remote areas, and especially forests, though some wolves within military training areas also showed a broader preference for grassland, possibly influenced by local land use and high availability of prey. Our results provide a comprehensive insight into the ecology of wolves during their re-colonisation of Central Europe. Though wolves are spreading relatively quickly across Central European landscapes, their permanent reoccupation remains uncertain due to conflicts with the human population. To secure the restoration of European wolf populations, further robust biological data, including data on spatial ecology, will be needed to clearly identify any management implications.</p>
Figure 3. 46 points are selected on face elements to describe the emotions.-Impact of Ethnic Group on Human Emotion Recognition Using Backpropagation Neural Network
<p>The number of points and the position of points are not standardized, but it is depending on<br> the features that will be extracted, and used for the classifier. Many researches use various number<br> of points and positions based on their view about the feature to be considered [13] [18] [19]. Figure<br> 3 shows the points we used.</p>
Data described in the article "Diaminocyclopentane – l-Lysine Adducts: Potent and selective inhibitors of human O-GlcNAcase"
<p>The dataset includes supplementary data: Synthesis, kinetic assays, molecular modeling, NMR spectra of the study titled "Diaminocyclopentane – l-Lysine Adducts: Potent and selective inhibitors of human O-GlcNAcase" available here: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bioorg.2024.107452</p>
EEG Dataset for 'Decoding of selective attention to continuous speech from the human auditory brainstem response' and 'Neural Speech Tracking in the Theta and in the Delta Frequency Band Differentially Encode Clarity and Comprehension of Speech in Noise'.
<p>The repository contains the unprocessed EEG data recorded for the publications [1, 2]. For convenience, the onsets of the EEG data provided here are time-aligned with the onsets of the audio books in the 'audiobooks' folder, and the EEG data are provided in HDF5 format. Please refer to the original version of this dataset for more details.</p> <p>More details, as well as the original data files, are available at the original repository <a href="https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7086209">here</a>.</p> <p>Examples of using these data (preprocessing, fitting linear models) can be found <a href="https://github.com/Mike-boop/trf-examples">here</a>.</p> <p>The English conditions (clean, lb, mb, hb, fM, fW) comprised a single recording session. The Dutch conditions (cleanDutch, lbDutch, mbDutch, hbDutch) comprised a separate recording session. You see which participants took part in each session in session_info.json.</p> <p>Please note some details about the stimulus presentation for the various listening conditions:</p> <ul> <li>English speech-in-babble-noise (lb, mb, hb): babble noise was played by itself for one second before the audiobook track began. The babble noise was also played for one second after the audiobook track ended. Therefore, you should discard the first second and the last second from these trial during your analysis.</li> <li>Dutch speech-in-babble-noise (lbDutch, mbDutch, hbDutch): the story (narrated in Dutch) was played by itself for one second before the babble noise track began. Then, the babble noise was increased linearly in amplitude for one second. Therefore, you should discard the first two seconds from these trials during your analysis.</li> <li>Dutch in quiet, and Dutch-in-babble-noise (cleanDutch, lbDutch, mbDutch, hbDutch): some English sentences were embedded in the Dutch narratives in order to encourage attention. You should crop these from your analysis. The onsets and offsets of the English sentences (in samples, at 44100Hz) are provided in the audiobooks/*Dutch/english_onsets_info.json files.</li> <li>Competing-speakers conditions (fM, fW): sometimes the attended track is longer than the unattended track, or vice-versa. The onsets of both tracks are aligned. You should crop the trial to the length of the shortest track for your analysis.</li> </ul> <p>If you use this data, please cite the original publications, as well as this repository [1,2,3].</p> <p>[1] Etard O, Kegler M, Braiman C, Forte A E and Reichenbach T. “Decoding of selective attention to continuous speech from the human auditory brainstem response” 2019. <em>NeuroImage</em> <strong>200</strong> 1–11</p> <p>[2] Etard O and Reichenbach T. “Neural speech tracking in the theta and in the delta frequency band differentially encode clarity and comprehension of speech in noise” 2019. <em>J. Neurosci.</em> <strong>39</strong> 5750–9</p> <p>[3] Etard O and Reichenbach T. "EEG Dataset for 'Decoding of selective attention to continuous speech from the human auditory brainstem response' and 'Neural Speech Tracking in the Theta and in the Delta Frequency Band Differentially Encode Clarity and Comprehension of Speech in Noise". Doi: 10.5281/zenodo.7086208</p>
Data for: Hunting mode and habitat selection mediate the success of human hunters
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Data from: Human avoidance, selection for darkness and prey activity explain wolf diel activity in a highly cultivated landscape
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
The role of human hunters and natural predators in shaping the selection of behavioral types in male wild turkeys
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Gene-specific selective sweeps are pervasive across human gut microbiomes
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Data from: Seasonal and anthropogenic effects on niche overlap and habitat selection by sympatric bears (Ursus arctos marsicanus) and wolves (Canis lupus) in a human-dominated landscape
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ScienceDex guides
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These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.