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18 results for “hylids”
Fig. 2 in Updating the distributions of four Uruguayan hylids (Anura: Hylidae): recent expansions or lack of sampling effort?
Fig. 2. Occurrence of Dendropsophus minutus (n = 15), D. nanus (n = 15), Lysapsus limellum (n = 6), and Scinax nasicus (n = 21) in different types of environments. Crops include rainfed crops, rice, sugar cane, and Eucalyptus and/or Pinus afforestations; Natural includes the grasslands, wetlands, and native forests with low anthropic influence (i.e., extensive livestock farming); and Urban refers to urban and peri-urban areas, routes, or industrial plants.
Fig. 1 in Updating the distributions of four Uruguayan hylids (Anura: Hylidae): recent expansions or lack of sampling effort?
Fig. 1. Distribution of Dendropsophus minutus, D. nanus, Lysapsus limellum, and Scinax nasicus in Uruguay. Shaded areas correspond to estimated distributions according to Carreira and Maneyro (2019, yellow), and the closest national protected areas (green). Black dots indicate previous literature records from Gudynas and Rudolf (1983), Langone and Basso (1987), Olmos et al. (1997), Kolenc et al. (2003), Núñez et al. (2004), and Prigioni et al. (2011). New records in the present study are indicated in red. Department names are indicated as follows: AR, Departamento de Artigas; SA, Departamento de Salto; PA, Departamento de Paysandú; RN, Departamento de Río Negro; CL, Departamento de Cerro Largo; and TT, Departamento de Treinta y Tres.
Fig. 1. Phyllodytes luteolus Wied, 1824 in Disgusting or delicious? Predatory behavior of the hylid frog Phyllodytes luteolus on sympatric ants
Fig. 1. Phyllodytes luteolus Wied, 1824 manipulating its prey, an ant of the genus Gnamptogenys. Note that the frog has kept the abdominal region of the ant outside of the mouth in order to prevent injuries caused by its sting.
Figure 3 in Do male tree frogs feed during the breeding season? Stomach flushing of five syntopic hylid species in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
Figure 3. Relation between length of the reproductive period and food intake by 50 males per species.
Figure 2 in Do male tree frogs feed during the breeding season? Stomach flushing of five syntopic hylid species in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
Figure 2. Frequency of animal items ingested by 50 calling male frogs per species.
Figure 1 in Do male tree frogs feed during the breeding season? Stomach flushing of five syntopic hylid species in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
Figure 1. Frequency of animal and plant items ingested by 50 calling male frogs per species.
Data from: Cryptic recombination in the ever-young sex chromosomes of Hylid frogs
Sex chromosomes are expected to evolve suppressed recombination, which leads to degeneration of the Y and heteromorphism between the X and Y. Some sex chromosomes remain homomorphic, however, and the factors that prevent degeneration of the Y in these cases are not understood. The homomorphic sex chromosomes of the European tree frogs (Hyla spp.) present an interesting paradox. Recombination in males has never been observed in crossing experiments, but molecular data are suggestive of occasional recombination between the X and Y. The hypothesis that these sex chromosomes recombine has not been tested statistically, however, nor has the XY recombination rate been estimated. Here we use Approximate Bayesian Computation coupled with coalescent simulations of sex chromosomes to quantify X-Y recombination rate from existent data. We find that microsatellite data from H. arborea, H. intermedia, and H. molleri support a recombination rate between X and Y that is significantly different from zero. We estimate that rate to be approximately 105 times smaller than that between X chromosomes. Our findings support the notion that very low recombination rate may be sufficient to maintain homomorphism in sex chromosomes.
Data from: Stronger transferability but lower variability in transcriptomic- than in anonymous microsatellites: evidence from Hylid frogs.
A simple way to quickly optimize microsatellites in non-model organisms is to re-use loci available in closely related taxa; however, this approach can be limited by the stochastic and low cross-amplification success experienced in some groups (e.g. amphibians). An efficient alternative is to develop loci from transcriptome sequences. Transcriptomic microsatellites have been found to vary in their levels of cross-species amplification and variability, but this has to date never been tested in amphibians. Here, we compare the patterns of cross-amplification and levels of polymorphism of 18 published anonymous microsatellites isolated from genomic DNA versus 17 loci derived from a transcriptome, across nine species of tree frogs (Hyla arborea and Hyla cinerea group). We established a clear negative relationship between divergence time and amplification success, which was much steeper for anonymous than transcriptomic markers, with half-lives (time at which 50% of the markers still amplify) of 1.1 and 37 My respectively. Transcriptomic markers are significantly less polymorphic than anonymous loci, but remain variable across diverged taxa. We conclude that the exploitation of amphibian transcriptomes for developing microsatellites is an optimal approach for multi-species surveys (e.g. analyses of hybrid zones, comparative linkage mapping), while anonymous microsatellites may be more informative for fine-scale analyses of intraspecific variation. Moreover, our results confirm the pattern that microsatellite cross-amplification is greatly variable among amphibians, and should be assessed independently within target lineages. Finally, we provide a bank of microsatellites for Palearctic tree frogs (so far only available for H. arborea), which will be useful for conservation and evolutionary studies in this radiation.
FIGURE 3 in Morphological clarifications of Australian hylid and limnodynastid tadpoles
FIGURE 3. Oral disc of tadpole of Limnodynastes lignarius at stage 36 (Gosner 1960), from Mitchell Plateau, Western Australia. Scale bar = 1 mm.
FIGURE 2 in Morphological clarifications of Australian hylid and limnodynastid tadpoles
FIGURE 2. Photographs and scanning micrographs: Litoria subglandulosa: (A) the oral apparatus (scale bar = 200 µm), (B) the medial paddle stained with Crystal Violet and viewed with a dissecting microscope that shows (arrow) the pale mitotic areas in the base of the paddle that form the tooth-like elements, and (C) the medial paddle and tooth strands at lower (scale bar = 100 µm), and (D) higher (scale bar = 20 µm) magnifications. Limnodynastes lignarius: (E) the ornate, midventral, marginal papillae (scale bar = 100 µm) and (F) labial teeth with prominent struts on the face of each cusped tooth (scale bar = 10 µm).
FIGURE 1 in Morphological clarifications of Australian hylid and limnodynastid tadpoles
FIGURE 1. Photographs and scanning micrographs: Litoria dahlii: (A) the small pits in intact, nonstained belly skin and (B), a comparable scanning image (scale bar = 100 µm). Litoria dayi: scanning images of (C) the oral apparatus (scale bar = 1 mm; x = approximate area shown in D), (D) the large, mound-like submarginal papillae (scale bar = 100 µm) on the distal area of the lower labium, (E) the granulate, lightly keratinized area (scale bar = 20 µm) on the buccal face of the lower jaw sheath, and (F) the labial teeth in LTR A-1 (scale bar = 10 µm).
FIGURE 1 in Tadpole of the hylid frog Bokermannohyla gouveai (Peixoto & Cruz, 1992)
FIGURE 1. Tadpoles of Bokermannohyla gouveai, stage 37 of Gosner (1960), from Parque Nacional do Itatiaia, Itamonte, state of Minas Gerais, Brazil: (A) dorsal and (B) lateral views (scale 10 mm), and (C) oral disc (scale 1 mm).
FIGURES 5–9. Australotaenia hobbsi n in A new species of Australotaenia (Cestoda: Proteocephalidae) from a hylid frog in Australia
FIGURES 5–9. Australotaenia hobbsi n. sp. from Ranoidea australis, Australia; holotype (A44/MU). 5―terminal genitalia, dorsal view; note the absence of a vaginal sphincter. 6―cross section at the level of testes; note a weak inner longitudinal musculature represented by a few isolated muscle fibres. 7―cross section at the level of the ovary; note the presence of the uterus at level of ovarian isthmus. 8, 9―eggs. Abbreviations: cc—chromophilic cells; ci—cirrus; cs—cirrus sac; do—dorsal osmoregulatory canal; du—diverticula of uterus; em—embryophore; ga—genital atrium; lm—inner longitudinal musculature; Mg—Mehlis' gland; oe—outer envelope; on— oncosphere; ov—ovary; sc—subtegumental cells (illustrated only partially on dorsal side); te—testes; tg—tegument; us— uterine stem; va—vas deferens; vc—vaginal canal; vi—vitelline follicles.
FIGURES 1–4. Australotaenia hobbsi n in A new species of Australotaenia (Cestoda: Proteocephalidae) from a hylid frog in Australia
FIGURES 1–4. Australotaenia hobbsi n. sp. from Ranoidea australis, Australia; holotype (A44/MU) 1―scolex; 2―mature proglottid, ventral view; ventral osmoregulatory canals indistinguishable except for the aporal pre-equatorial region; 3― pregravid proglottid, dorsal view; note the presence of numerous testes; 4―sketch of lateral uterine diverticula and the ovary in gravid proglottid, ventral view; note the posterior extension of the uterus situated ventral to the ovary and reaching to the posterior margin of the proglottid. Abbreviations: ao—apical organ; cc—chromophilic cells; cm—circular muscles; do—dorsal osmoregulatory canal; du— diverticula of uterus; gc—gland cells; Mg—Mehlis' gland; ov—ovary; rm—retractor muscles; su—sucker; te—testes; ud— uteroduct; us—uterine stem; vi—vitelline follicles; vo—ventral osmoregulatory canals.
Data from: Stronger transferability but lower variability in transcriptomic- than in anonymous microsatellites: evidence from Hylid frogs.
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Data from: Cryptic recombination in the ever-young sex chromosomes of Hylid frogs
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Figure 1 in Resource use and coexistence of three hylid species in temporary ponds of an Eastern Amazonian forest fragment
Figure 1. Location of the Gunma Ecological Park, Santa Barbará municipality, Pará State, Brazil.
Figure 2 in Resource use and coexistence of three hylid species in temporary ponds of an Eastern Amazonian forest fragment
Figure 2. (a) Height of perches used by the three hylid species; (b) Depth of ponds used by Dendropsophus minutus (Dmin), D. melanargyreus (Dmel) and Scinax cf. ruber (Srub) in Gunma Ecological Park, Santa Barbará municipality, Pará State, Brazil. The middle line represents median, the lower and upper bounds of the box plots represent the first and third quartiles, respectively, and whiskers show the minimum and maximum values.
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Allen Brain Atlas
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International Brain Laboratory public data
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OpenNeuro
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