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83 results for “immunocompetence”
Size-selective harvesting affects the immunocompetence of guppies exposed to the parasite Gyrodactylus
<p>Harvesting is typically positively size-selective, targeting large individuals. This is expected to lead to reduced average body size and earlier maturation, i.e., faster life histories. Such changes can also affect traits seemingly unrelated to harvesting, including immunocompetence. The pace-of-life syndrome predicts that faster life histories are correlated with decreased immunocompetence, i.e., a negative association between positively size-selective harvesting and immunocompetence. However, the energetic trade-off between early growth and immunocompetence suggests the opposite pattern. Here, we empirically evaluated these predictions using an experimental system consisting of the ectoparasite Gyrodactylus turnbulli and lines of guppies Poecilia reticulata that had been subjected to either positively, randomly, or negatively size-selective harvest. We followed the infection progression of individually infected fish for 15 days. We found significant differences between the harvested lines: fish from the negative size-selection lines had the highest parasite loads. During the early phase of the infection, parasite loads were the lowest in the positive-harvested lines, whereas the terminal loads were the lowest for the randomly harvested lines. These results agree with the predictions from the energetic trade-off hypothesis but contradict with the pace-of-life syndrome ones. To our knowledge, this is the first demonstration of the consequences of size-selective harvesting on immunocompetence.</p>
Size-selective harvesting affects the immunocompetence of guppies exposed to the parasite Gyrodactylus
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Outgrowth of transferred tumors expressing libraries of PresentER minigenes in immunocompetent and immunodeficient mice
<p>Minigene sequencing of RMA/S tumors grown in RAG deficient mice, harvested and then transferred and grown in WT or RAG mice. "Pool 13" are wild type peptide minigenes. "Pool 18" are mutant peptide minigenes.</p>
Outgrowth of tumors expressing libraries of PresentER minigenes in vaccinated or unvaccinated immunocompetent mice
<p>Minigene sequencing of RMA/S tumors expressing libraries of PresentER peptide antigen minigenes after 17 days of growth in immunocompetent mice that were either vaccinated or nonvaccinated. "Pool 13" are wild type peptide minigenes. "Pool 18" are mutant peptide minigenes.</p>
Immunocompetent birds choose larger breeding colonies
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Dataset related to article "Optimization of a Luciferase-Expressing Non-Invasive Intrapleural Model of Malignant Mesothelioma in Immunocompetent Mice"
<p>This record contains data related to article "Optimization of a Luciferase-Expressing Non-Invasive Intrapleural Model of Malignant Mesothelioma in Immunocompetent Mice"</p> <p>Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma (MPM) is an aggressive tumor of the pleural lining that is usually identified at advanced stages and resistant to current therapies. Appropriate pre-clinical mouse tumor models are of pivotal importance to study its biology. Usually, tumor cells have been injected intraperitoneally or subcutaneously. Using three available murine mesothelioma cell lines with different histotypes (sarcomatoid, biphasic, epithelioid), we have set up a simplified model of in vivo growth orthotopically by inoculating tumor cells directly in the thorax with a minimally invasive procedure. Mesothelioma tumors grew along the pleura and spread on the superficial areas of the lungs, but no masses were found outside the thoracic cavity. As observed in human MPM, tumors were highly infiltrated by macrophages and T cells. The luciferase-expressing cells can be visualized in vivo by bioluminescent optical imaging to precisely quantify tumor growth over time. Notably, the bioluminescence signal detected in vivo correctly matched the tumor burden quantified with classical histology. In contrast, the subcutaneous or intraperitoneal growth of these mesothelioma cells was considered either non-representative of the human disease or unreliable to precisely quantify tumor load. Our non-invasive in vivo model of mesothelioma is simple and reproducible, and it reliably recapitulates the human disease.</p>
Data from: Support for the immunocompetence handicap hypothesis in the wild: hormonal manipulation decreases survival in sick damselflies
The immunocompetence handicap hypothesis (ICHH) states that hormones enhance sexual trait expression but impair immunity. Previous tests of the ICHH have been hampered by experimental design problems. Here we report on an experimental test of the ICHH that includes manipulations of both hormones and infections in males of the territorial damselfly, Hetaerina americana, with accurate survival measurements. We conducted a fully factorial experiment subjecting each individual to one of three topical treatments: methoprene (a juvenile hormone analog), acetone, or control, and one of three injection treatments: bacteria, PBS, or control. We measured survival of manipulated males in both the wild and in captivity. As predicted, survival was most heavily impaired in methoprene-bacteria males than in the other groups in the wild, and no survival differences emerged in captive animals. This result confirms that survival is one cost an animal pays for increased hormonal levels. This corroborates theoretical predictions of the ICHH.
Outgrowth of tumors in immunocompetent mice expressing libraries of PresentER minigenes
<p>Minigene sequencing of RMA/S tumors expressing libraries of PresentER peptide antigen minigenes after 17 days of growth in immunocompetent mice. "Pool 13" are wild type peptide minigenes. "Pool 18" are mutant peptide minigenes.</p>
Mindfulness Meditation Versus Physical Exercise: Comparing Effects on Stress and Immunocompetence
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT03728062. IPD Sharing: UNDECIDED. Countries: 1. Publications: 12.
Role of [18F]-FDG Brain PET in Newly Diagnosed Primary Cerebral Lymphoma, in Immunocompetent Patient Older Than 60 Years
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT03582254. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.
Reactivation of CMV Infection in Immunocompetent Patients Under Severe Stress
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT01397058. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.
Impact of the PET in the Diagnosis Strategy of FUO or Inflammatory Syndrome in Immunocompetent Patients FUO-TEP
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT01200771. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.
Impact of Cotrimoxazole Use in Immunocompetent HIV Patients on Carriage of Antimicrobial Resistant Bacteria
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT03087890. IPD Sharing: UNDECIDED. Countries: 1. Publications: 17.
Data from: Support for the immunocompetence handicap hypothesis in the wild: hormonal manipulation decreases survival in sick damselflies
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Data from: Immunocompetence in a long-lived ectothermic vertebrate is temperature dependent but shows no decline in older adults
1. Temperature affects nearly all aspects of the physiology of ectotherms, including their ability to mount an immune response. Typically, the ectothermic vertebrate immune system can respond over a wide range of temperatures, but there is a species-specific temperature at which responses are strongest, with impaired responses above and below this threshold. In long-lived ectotherms, aging could also influence the ability to respond to temperature changes as immunosenecence, the functional decrease in immune function with age, is widely reported. 2. This study examined the effects of the interaction between temperature and age on B cell function in a long-lived reptile, the red-eared slider turtle, Trachemys scripta. B cells in this species have previously been shown to have two main functions, phagocytosis and antibody production. 3. Adult turtles were trapped and blood samples taken. Because sliders grow throughout their lifetime, plastron length was used as a proxy for age. Leukocytes were isolated and used in either an ELISpot assay to examine their ability to produce antibodies spontaneously or when stimulated, or used in a phagocytic assay. The ELISpot and phagocytic assays were conducted over a range of biologically relevant temperatures. 4. We found no interaction between age and temperature on any measure of B cell function. In all cases there was a significant effect of temperature, with impaired function at temperatures below 29°C, but no impairment of function at higher temperatures. We also found little evidence of immunosenesce in any response. 5. This study provides insight into the thermal biology of B cell function in sliders and provides an interesting connection between immunology, behavior, and ecology in this long-lived turtle.
Data from: Adiposity, compared with masculinity, serves as a more valid cue to immunocompetence in human mate choice
According to the "good genes" hypothesis, females choose males based on traits that indicate the male's genetic quality in terms of disease resistance. The "immunocompetence handicap hypothesis (ICHH)" proposed that secondary sexual traits serve as indicators of male genetic quality because they indicate that males can contend with the immunosuppressive effects of testosterone. Masculinity is commonly assumed to serve as such a secondary sexual trait. Yet women do not consistently prefer masculine looking men, nor is masculinity consistently related to health across studies. Here we show that adiposity, but not masculinity, significantly mediates the relationship between a direct measure of immune response (Hepatitis B antibody response) and attractiveness for both body and facial measurements. In addition, we show that circulating testosterone is more closely associated with adiposity than masculinity. These findings indicate that adiposity, compared to masculinity, serves as a more important cue to immunocompetence in female mate choice.
Data from: Pleiotropic effects of juvenile hormone in ant queens and the escape from the reproduction-immunocompetence trade-off
The ubiquitous trade-off between survival and costly reproduction is one of the most fundamental constraints governing life-history evolution. In numerous animals, gonadotropic hormones antagonistically suppressing immunocompetence cause this trade-off. The queens of many social insects defy the reproduction-survival trade-off, achieving both an extraordinarily long life and high reproductive output, but how they achieve this is unknown. Here we show experimentally, by integrating quantification of gene expression, physiology and behaviour, that the long-lived queens of the ant Lasius niger have escaped the reproduction-immunocompetence trade-off by decoupling the effects of a key endocrine regulator of fertility and immunocompetence in solitary insects, juvenile hormone (JH). This modification of the regulatory architecture enables queens to sustain a high reproductive output without elevated JH titres and suppressed immunocompetence, providing an escape from the reproduction-immunocompetence trade-off that may contribute to the extraordinary lifespan of many social insect queens.
Immunocompetent mouse models of endometriosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis
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The Changes in Mitochondrial Morphology and Physiology Accompanying Apoptosis in Galleria mellonella (Lepidoptera) Immunocompetent Cells during Conidiobolus coronatus (Entomophthorales) Infection
<p>The raw data in published manuscript <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms241210169">https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms241210169</a></p>
Reconstruction of Monocytic Immunocompetence by Granulocyte-macrophage-colony Stimulating Factor (GM-CSF) in Patients With Severe Sepsis and Septic Shock
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT00252915. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 0. Publications: 1.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.