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14 results for “incumbency”
Replication files for: Strongmen Cry Too: The Effect of Aerial Bombing on Voting for The Incumbent in Competitive Autocracies
<p>The NATO bombing of Yugoslavia, which lasted from March 24, 1999 until June 10, 1999, was the largest air campaign in Europe since the bombing of Britain and Germany in World War II. The air raids lasted for 78 days and hit 108 out of 160 municipalities, excluding Kosovo and Montenegro. The bombing was spread out and largely aimed at military barracks, industrial facilities, transportation networks, and communication lines. This repo provides a novel dataset with information on over 1,000 targets in the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, including the date, location, target type, and fatalities. Included is also R code for the replication of my article "Strongmen Cry Too: The Effect of Aerial Bombing on Voting for The Incumbent in Competitive Autocracies" that was accepted for publication at Journal of Peace Research.</p>
Dietary morphology of two island-endemic murine rodent clades is consistent with persistent, incumbent-imposed competitive interactions
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Data from: Ecological incumbency impedes stochastic community assembly in Holocene foraminifera from the Huon Peninsula, Papua New Guinea
Persistence in the structure of ecological communities can be predicted both by deterministic and by stochastic theory. Evaluating ecological patterns against the neutral theory of biodiversity provides an appropriate methodology for differentiating between these alternatives. We traced the history of benthic foraminiferal communities from the Huon Peninsula, Papua New Guinea. From the well-preserved uplifted reef terrace at Bonah River we reconstructed the benthic foraminiferal communities during a 2200-year period (9000–6800 yr B.P.) of reef building during the Holocene transgressive sea-level rise. We found that the similarity of foraminiferal communities was consistently above 60%, even when comparing communities on either side of a massive volcanic eruption that smothered the existing reef system with ash. Similarly, species diversity and rank dominance were unchanged through time. However, similarity dropped dramatically in the final stages of reef growth, when accommodation space was reduced as sea-level rise slowed. We compared the community inertia index (CII) computed from the observed species abundances with that predicted from neutral theory. Despite the differences in foraminiferal community composition in the younger part of the reef sequence, we found an overall greater degree of community inertia with less variance in observed communities than was predicted from neutral theory, regardless of foraminiferal community size or species migration rate. Thus, persistent species assemblages could not be ascribed to neutral predictions. Ecological incumbency of established foraminiferal species likely prevented stochastic increases in both migrant and rare taxa at the Bonah River site. Regardless of the structuring mechanisms, our reconstruction of Holocene foraminiferal assemblages provides historical context for the management and potential restoration of degraded species assemblages.
Data from: The role of regional survivor incumbency in the evolutionary recovery of calcareous nannoplankton from the Cretaceous/Paleogene (K/Pg) mass extinction
The earliest Paleocene record of calcareous nannoplankton presents a unique opportunity to understand the evolutionary recovery of life from mass extinction. Nannoplankton were devastated at the Cretaceous/Paleogene boundary and their subsequent recovery can be studied in great detail because of their abundance in sediments, continuous stratigraphic occurrence, and near global distribution. Here we determine when and where new species of nannoplankton originated and how they dispersed following the Cretaceous/Paleogene mass extinction. Initially, we focus our efforts on North Pacific and South Atlantic deep sea sites with orbital age control to compare the precise timing and dynamics of the recovery between the locations. We then broaden our investigation to six sites from different basins and a variety of environments to study global patterns of the initial recovery. Our results show that many taxa in key Paleogene lineages originated in the North Pacific Ocean and that assemblages comprised primarily of new Paleogene taxa were not observed at other sites for several hundred thousand years. Survivors that were adapted to eutrophic post extinction conditions rapidly expanded in Southern Hemisphere sites where they dominated assemblages for most of the initial recovery. We therefore hypothesize that groups of survivors formed regionally incumbent assemblages in the Southern Hemisphere that limited diversification and dispersal of new Paleogene taxa. The end of survivor dominance correlates to the recovery of the biologic pump and subsequent decrease in surface ocean nutrient concentration 300–400 Kyr after the boundary. Only after survivors were removed did new Paleogene nannoplankton assemblages become abundant globally. Our results indicate that competition from regionally incumbent survivors was as an important control on the K/Pg recovery of nannoplankton.
Data from: Diversification rates of the "Old Endemic" murine rodents of Luzon Island, Philippines are inconsistent with incumbency effects and ecological opportunity
Diversity-dependent cladogenesis occurs when a colonizing lineage exhibits increasing interspecific competition as it ecologically diversifies. Repeated colonization of a region by closely related taxa may cause similar effects as species within each lineage compete with one another. This may be particularly relevant for secondary colonists, which could experience limited diversification due to competition with earlier, incumbent colonists over evolutionary time. We tested the hypothesis that an incumbent lineage may diminish the diversification of secondary colonists in two speciose clades of Philippine "Old Endemic" murine rodents—Phloeomyini and Chrotomyini—on the relatively old oceanic island of Luzon. Although phylogenetic analyses confirm the independent, non-contemporaneous colonization of Luzon by the ancestors of these two clades, we found no support for arrested diversification in either. Rather, it appears that diversification of both clades resulted from constant-rate processes that were either uniform or favored the secondary colonists (Chrotomyini), depending on the method used. Our results suggest that ecological incumbency has not played an important role in determining lineage diversification among Luzon murines, despite sympatric occurrence by constituent species within each lineage, and a substantial head start for the primary colonists.
Coordination and Incumbency Advantage in Multi-Party Systems - Evidence from French Elections
<p>This package contains the data, programs and instructions to replicate manuscript "Coordination and Incumbency Advantage in Multi-Party Systems - Evidence from French Elections" by Kevin Dano, Francesco Ferlenga, Vincenzo Galasso, Caroline Le Pennec and Vincent Pons, forthcoming at JEEA</p>
Replication package for: Using Bid Rotation and Incumbency to Detect Collusion: A Regression Discontinuity Approach
<p>Replication file for Using Bid Rotation and Incumbency to Detect Collusion: A Regression Discontinuity Approach. The files create figures and tables reported in the text.</p>
Replication package for "Gravity with History: On Incumbency Effects in International Trade"
<p>This package contains the data, programs and instructions to replicate manuscript "Gravity with History: On Incumbency Effects in International Trade" by Egger, Foellmi, Schetter, and Torun forthcoming at JEEA.</p>
Data from: The role of regional survivor incumbency in the evolutionary recovery of calcareous nannoplankton from the Cretaceous/Paleogene (K/Pg) mass extinction
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Data from: Diversification rates of the “Old Endemic” murine rodents of Luzon Island, Philippines are inconsistent with incumbency effects and ecological opportunity
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Data from: Tempo and mode of mandibular shape and size evolution reveal mixed support for incumbency effects in two clades of island-endemic rodents (Muridae: Murinae)
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Data from: Ecological incumbency impedes stochastic community assembly in Holocene foraminifera from the Huon Peninsula, Papua New Guinea
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Data from: Ecological opportunity and incumbency in the diversification of repeated continental colonizations by muroid rodents
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Incumbents en América Latina de 2024
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.