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18 results for “informal settlements”
Household surveys in four informal settlements in Abidjan (Côte d'Ivoire) and Nairobi (Kenya)
<p><strong>Description:</strong> Latest release of data (anonymized) collected in informal settlements in Côte d'Ivoire and Kenya during my PhD thesis, with the respective metadata (questionnaire files). Please note that some data (geolocation, specific age of participant, and health facilities used) have been ommitted due to personal data protection concerns.</p> <p><strong>Includes:</strong> Data (CSV), questonnaires (XLS), and Jupyter notebooks summarizing the data (using Python).</p> <p><strong>Ethical clearance:</strong> We obtained ethical clearance in Switzerland from EPFL’s HREC (decision n° 068-2020), in Kenya from KEMRI (KEMRI/RES/7/3/1) and the National Commission for Science, Technology & Innovation (NACOSTI/P/21/10921), and in Côte d’Ivoire from the National Health and Life Sciences Ethics Committee (Comité National d’Éthique des Sciences de la Vie et de la Santé, ref. n° 005-22/MSHPCMU/CNESVS-km).</p> <p><strong>Citation:</strong> Pessoa Colombo V. Relating health benefits of water, sanitation, and hygiene services with the context of urban informal settlements: lessons from Côte d'Ivoire and Kenya. PhD thesis. EPFL: Lausanne. 2023. https://doi.org/10.5075/epfl-thesis-10143</p>
Survey of open data and information seeking in Kenya's Urban Slums and Rural Settlements
<p>This dataset provides survey responses from 240 people surveyed as part of the "Investigating the Impact of Kenya’s Open Data Initiative on Marginalized Communities: Case Study of Urban Slums and Rural Settlements" project.</p> <p>The data, collected in mid-2013 looks at issues of where citizens look for data, and how successful they have been in getting government information from different sources, as well as their awareness of the Kenya open data portal, and their interest in getting information through different digital channels in future.</p> <p>Descriptive statistics have been analysed in the publication "Open Government Data for Effective Public Participation: Findings of a Case Study Research Investigating The Kenya's Open Data Initiative in Urban Slums and Rural Settlements", but no further analysis has yet been carried out.</p> <p><strong>Data descriptions</strong></p> <p>The Codebook.csv file lists variable names and the questions asked to elicit each response.</p> <p>JHC-Data.csv contains the results from the questionnaires collected through structured in-person interview in the three locations. The questionnaires were administered at chiefs centres, community resource centres, constituency development fund office and religious centres). The questionnaires were filled in by every 2nd these centres.</p> <p><strong>More information</strong></p> <p>More information on the research project can be found at http://opendataresearch.org/project/2013/jhc</p>
Groundwater quality analysis in Bwaise informal settlement, Kampala
<p>Data provides water quality analysis on hydro-chemical, antibiotics and microbial properties of groundwater underlying an informal settlement of Bwaise, Kampala (Uganda)</p>
Disentangling the influence of reservoir abundance and pathogen shedding on zoonotic spillover of the Leptospira agent in urban informal settlements
<p>The following datasets were used to carry out the analyses in "Disentangling the influence of reservoir abundance and pathogen shedding on zoonotic spillover of the Leptospira agent in urban informal settlements". </p> <p>rat_abundance.csv - dataset for rat abundance model.</p> <p>rat_shedding.csv - dataset for individual rat shedding model.</p> <p>human_infections.csv - dataset for human infections (coordinates and valley removed for anonymity).</p> <p>prediction_grid.csv - prediction dataset.</p> <p>Codebook for repository data.pdf - codebook for the included datasets.</p>
Supplementary information for: Multisensory integration by polymodal sensory neurons dictates settlement in actinulae larvae
<div> <div> <div> <p>Multisensory integration (MSI) combines information from more than one sensory modality to elicit behaviors distinct from unisensory behaviors. MSI is best understood in animals with complex brains and specialized centers for parsing sensory information, but the dispersive larvae of sessile marine invertebrates utilize multimodal environmental sensory stimuli to base irreversible settlement decisions on, and most lack complex brains. Here, we examined the sensory determinants of settlement in actinula larvae of the hydrozoan <em>Ectopleura</em> <em>crocea</em> (Cnidaria), which possess a diffuse nerve net. A factorial settlement study revealed that photo-, chemo-, and mechano-sensory cues each influence the settlement response, which was complex and dependent on specific combinations of cues, therefore indicating MSI. Mechanosensory cues either inhibited or enhanced settlement rates depending on the presence or absence of chemical and light cues in the environment. Sensory gene expression over development peaked with developmental competence to settle, which in actinulae, requires cnidocyte discharge. Transcriptome analyses also highlighted several deep homological links between cnidarian and bilaterian mechano- chemo- and photo-sensory pathways. Fluorescent in situ hybridization studies of candidate transcripts suggested cellular partitioning of sensory function among the few cell types that comprise the actinula nervous system, where ubiquitous polymodal sensory neurons with putative chemo- and photo-sensitivity interface with mechanoreceptive cnidocytes. We propose that a simple multisensory processing circuit, involving polymodal chemo/photosensory neurons and mechanoreceptive cnidocytes, is sufficient to explain MSI in actinulae settlement. Our study demonstrates that MSI is not exclusive to complex brains, but likely predated and contextualized their evolution.</p> </div> </div> </div>
Does social information affect the settlement decisions of resident birds in their second breeding attempt? A case study of the Japanese tit (Parus minor)
<p>Individuals may gather information about environmental conditions when deciding where to breed in order to maximize their lifetime fitness. Many studies have shown that birds can rely on social information to select their nest site. The location of active nests and the reproductive success of conspecifics and heterospecifics can provide accurate predictions about the quality of the breeding habitat. Some short-lived species can facultatively reproduce two and/or more times within a breeding season. However, few studies have focused on how multiple-brooding individuals select nest sites for their second breeding attempts. In this study, we use long-term data to test whether the Japanese tit (<em>Parus</em> <em>minor</em>) can use social information from conspecifics and/or heterospecifics to select a nest site for the second breeding attempt. Our results showed that the nest boxes occupied by tits on their second breeding attempt tended to be surrounded by more breeding conspecific nests, first-breeding successful conspecific nests, and fewer first-breeding failed conspecific nests than the nest boxes that remained unoccupied (the control group). However, the numbers of breeding heterospecific nests, successful heterospecific nests, and failed heterospecific nests did not differ between the nest boxes occupied by tits on their second breeding attempt and the unoccupied nest boxes. Furthermore, the tits with local successful breeding experience tended to choose areas with more first-breeding successful conspecific nests than those without successful breeding experience. Thus, we suggest that conspecifics' but not heterospecifics' social information within the same breeding season is the major factor influencing the nest site selection of Japanese tits during second breeding attempts.</p>
Does social information affect the settlement decisions of resident birds in their second breeding attempt? A case study of the Japanese tit (Parus minor)
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Supplementary information for: Multisensory integration by polymodal sensory neurons dictates settlement in actinulae larvae
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A dataset of community perspectives on living conditions and disaster risk management in informal settlements: A case study in KwaZulu-Natal Province, South Africa
<p>This article describes a dataset of community perspectives on living conditions and disaster risk management in Khan Road, a non-serviced informal settlement, located in Pietermaritzburg, the capital of KwaZulu-Natal province in South Africa. The data were collected by local community researchers via a structured questionnaire of 159 participants conducted between August and September 2022, using mobile phones via KoboToolbox. The dataset was analysed using exploratory data analysis (EDA) techniques. This household survey is part of a research project aiming to develop an evidence base of opportunities, risks and vulnerabilities related to housing construction and resource management in incremental upgrading of informal settlements in South Africa. This dataset can be used by local practitioners and policymakers involved in decision-making for informal settlement upgrading and help them prioritise resources and upgrading interventions based on what informal dwellers need. Furthermore, this cleaned dataset could support the analysis of further South African data guiding the development of digital platforms as a real-time resource management tool or guide the enhancement of existing theoretical frameworks in the field of participatory design and co-production used by academic scholars. </p>
DATA ON HYGIENIC KNOWLEDGE AND PRACTICES OF MILK VENDING MACHINE HANDLERS IN THE INFORMAL SETTLEMENTS OF NAIROBI KENYA
<p>Data used in the research development on hygienic knowledge and practices of handlers in the informal settlements of Nairobi. </p>
Data for: Mapping of individual urban trees and relationships within informal settlements in Africa
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Remarks on sustainable disposal and potential reuse of greywater in an informal urban settlement, Cape Town, South Africa
<p><span>The disposal of greywater is a challenge for informal urban settlements that do not have a reticulation system to collect the wastewater they generate. G</span><span>reywater, which includes domestic wastewater, represents a potential resource that can alleviate water stress if efficiently managed. This study aimed to provide sustainable disposal and potential reuse of greywater produced using informal settlements in Cape Town, South Africa.</span><span> <span>Greywater has the potential to contribute significantly to food security in such settlements by providing a source of both irrigation water and toilet flushing. A combination of desktop research and interviews was employed to gather and analyze the data. <a name="_Hlk148373731"></a>A total of 69 questionnaires were administered in the study, and </span></span><span>greywater management practices were investigated.</span><span><span> </span></span><span>The findings showed deficiencies in the sustainable disposal of greywater from households. <a name="_Hlk148373893"></a>To understand the volumes of greywater generated from a household, a model has been proposed in the study, as there</span> has been a lack of focus on making predictions that quantify the volume of greywater recovered from these households. <span>In the context of sustainable development, water management, and considering the scarcity of water resources, particularly in semi-arid regions, the use of treated greywater is an alternative method that can reduce the burden of withdrawals.</span></p>
Data for: Stool biomarkers as measures of enteric pathogen infection in infants from Addis Ababa informal settlements
<p>Frequent enteric infections in children may be an important cause of growth faltering; however, we do not fully understand the mechanisms by which pathogen infections and the physiological responses to these infections result in poorer growth. Commonly used protein fecal biomarkers (anti-alpha trypsin, neopterin, and myeloperoxidase) provide broad immunological information on an inflammatory response; however, they do not provide information on non-immune processes (e.g., gut integrity) that may be important indicators of chronic end states such as environmental enteric dysfunction (EED). To explore how additional biomarkers will better inform which physiological pathways (both immune and non-immune) are impacted by pathogen exposure we added to the traditional panel of 3 protein fecal biomarkers 4 novel fecal mRNA transcript biomarkers (sucrase isomaltase, caudal homeobox 1, S100A8, and mucin 12) and analyzed stool samples from infants living in informal settlements in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. To test how this expanded biomarker panel captures distinct pathogen exposure processes we used two different scoring systems. First, we used a theory-based approach to assign each biomarker to specific physiological attributes based on prior understanding of each biomarker. Second, we used data reduction methods to categorize biomarkers and then assign physiological attributes to those categories. We used linear models to examine the association between the derived biomarker scores (based on mRNA and protein levels) and stool pathogen gene counts to determine pathogen-specific effects on gut physiology and immune responses. Inflammation scores were positively associated with <em>Shigella</em> and enteropathogenic <em>E. coli</em> (EPEC) infection, while gut integrity scores were negatively associated with <em>Shigella</em>, EPEC, and shigatoxigenic <em>E. coli</em> (STEC) infection. Our expanded panel of biomarkers hold promise as tools to measure systemic outcomes of enteric pathogen infection. mRNA biomarkers complement established protein biomarkers by providing important cell-specific physiological and immunological consequences of pathogen carriage that can lead to chronic end states such as EED.</p>
Data for: Stool biomarkers as measures of enteric pathogen infection in infants from Addis Ababa informal settlements
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Data from: Wood warblers copy settlement decisions of poor quality conspecifics: support for the tradeoff between the benefit of social information use and competition avoidance
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Dar es Salaam Land Use and Informal Settlement Data Set
The Dar es Salaam Land Use and Informal Settlement Data Set represents urban land use and consolidation of informal settlements for the years 1982, 1992, 1998, and 2002, in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. The land use categories are informal settlement areas, planned residential areas, ocean and estuaries, vacant and agriculture lands, and other urban features such as industrial or recreation areas. The data are based on the World Geodetic System spheroid of 1984 and use the Universal Transverse Mercator Zone 37 South projection.
Perceived quality of care and choice of healthcare provider in informal settlements - data
<p>This dataset supports the submissions of the paper " Perceived quality of care and choice of healthcare provider in informal settlements " and has been made available for the purposes of peer review.</p> <p>The .zip file contains anonymised survey data pertaining to individuals across all the sites, and separate files pertaining to HCF surveys at each of the sites. Shapefiles for each of the sites have also been shared which contain the site's dwellings.</p>
Household Profiles and Water Diary Data from Five Informal Settlements in Pune, India
<p>The dataset includes excerpts of raw data from a household profile survey and a water diary experiment carried out in January and June of 2020 in Pune, Maharashtra, India.</p>
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Allen Brain Atlas
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Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
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International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.