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72 results for “insect phenology”
Aquatic and terrestrial insect activity phenology with trap collections at the Andrews Experimental Forest, 2009-2014
This study was designed to evaluate the influence of microclimatic heterogeneity, associated with complex terrain, on phenology and to evaluate potential trophic responses to scenarios of climate change, disturbance and land use. We focus on a simplified model trophic system involving vascular plants, terrestrial and aquatic insects, and migratory neotropical and resident birds. The model trophic system is interesting because the phenologies of different components in the model system are independent (cued by various abiotic drivers) and dependent (due to trophic interactions), potentially leading to complex system behaviors. Plant and poiklothermic animal (ex. invertebrates) phenologies are highly temperature dependent. Phenologies of terrestrial plants and invertebrates would therefore likely exhibit wide spatial and temporal variation across the landscape in response to temperature variation associated with elevational differences, cold air drainages patterns, and temperature inversions. Aquatic invertebrate phenologies are also tied to temperature, but stream temperatures are influenced by different factors than those driving air temperatures and they may be less sensitive to complex terrain. For the invertebrate part of this study, we are examining spring-time (April through June) flying (terrestrial and adult aquatic) insect activity and adult aquatic insect emergence across a range of sites in the HJ Andrews Experimental Forest. Flying insect activity will be assessed using malaise traps deployed at 16 sites ranging from 450m to over 1300m in elevation, and with a variety of forest stand ages and slope aspects. Emerging aquatic insects will be collected with emergence traps in six 1st to 2nd order streams ranging from 450m to 1000m in elevation, and differing in water source (spring vs run-off) and surrounding forest age. Insects from malaise traps will be identified to varying levels from order to genus, depending on the group and available keys. Adult aquat
Data from: Host plant phenology drives risky larval dispersal in an outbreaking insect defoliator
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Data and code from: Decades of historical outbreak cycles in a multivoltine insect reveal a plastic phenological response to climate change
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Data from: Temporal distribution of endophytic and exophytic insect guilds responds to host plant phenology in the Brazilian Savannah
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Data and code for Body colour drives optimal insect phenology via thermoregulation
<p>Data and code for the manuscript entitled: "Body colour drives optimal insect phenology via thermoregulation"<br> by Roberto Novella-Fernandez, Roland Brandl, Stefan Pinkert, Dirk Zeuss, Christian Hof.</p>
Genotype-environment interaction reveals varied developmental responses to unpredictable host phenology in a tropical insect
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Chronicle of Nature - Phenology of Insects of Oka State Nature Biosphere Reserve
Insects Phenology dataset compiled in the context of Chronicle of Nature program in Oka State Nature Biosphere Reserve (Russian Federation) consisting of 1315 records collected during 85 years between 1938 and 2019.
Climate and host genotype jointly shape tree phenology, disease levels and insect attacks
<p>One of the best known ecological consequences of climate change is the advancement of spring phenology. Yet, we lack insights into how changes in climate interact with intraspecific genetic variation in shaping spring and autumn phenology, and how such changes in phenology will translate into seasonal dynamics of tree-associated organisms. To elucidate the impact of warming and tree genotype on spring and autumn phenology, as well as the consequences for the population dynamics of a fungal pathogen (<i>Erysiphe alphitoides</i>) and plant-feeding insect (<i><span>Tuberculatus annulatus</span></i><span>)</span>, we conducted an active field heating experiment using grafts of five oak genotypes (<i>Quercus robur</i>). We found that experimental warming generally advanced oak bud burst in spring and delayed leaf senescence in autumn, while additional variation was explained by tree genotype and warming-by-genotype interactions. Warming or tree genotype did not affect disease levels at the beginning of the season, but shaped both disease levels and aphid density during the latter part of the season. Overall, our findings demonstrate that elevated temperature and genetic variation affect spring and autumn phenology, as well as the seasonal dynamics of higher trophic levels. Such effects may be either direct (i.e. temperature affecting tree phenology and attack independently) or indirect (as due to climate-induced changes in plant traits or the synchrony between trees and their attackers). To achieve a predictive understanding of the ecological responses and potential evolutionary changes of natural food webs in response to climate warming, we should merge the frameworks of global warming and community genetics.</p>
Probability of occurrence and phenology of pine wilt disease transmission by insect vectors in the Rocky Mountains
<p>1. Pine wilt disease, caused by pinewood nematode (Bursaphelenchus xylophilus; PWN), is a damaging and globally distributed insect-vectored forest pathogen. Native forest tree mortality associated with PWN is newly reported from the Front Range of Colorado, but there is no regional information on PWN frequency or biology of local insect vectors, limiting management options.</p> <p>2. A sampling array was established to survey PWN in native pines (Pinus ponderosa) and longhorn beetles (Monochamus clamator & Monochamus scutellatus) over two years and across natural and urban forest landscapes. We developed flight phenology models and evaluated effects of landscape factors on vector abundance and probability of infection.</p> <p>3. Flight phenology was similar for vectors; Monochamus flight initiated in mid-July and continued into October for both species. We report the first M. clamator–PWN association in the United States. PWN was distributed in the region at rates lower than reported from its putative native range: 3.6 and 4.2% of sampled pines and beetles, respectively, tested positive for PWN. Many host trees were outwardly asymptomatic; infection frequency in tree populations varied considerably and four epicenters of vector infectivity were identified.</p> <p>4. Epicenters varied in timing of anomalous infective vector frequency—some epicenters had high abundances of infected beetles early in the growing season whereas others had high abundances of infected beetles late in the growing season, though PWN-positive beetles were captured at all sites. Monochamus populations were found primarily in natural forest stands but migrated to urban areas late in the growing season. The only landscape factor positively correlated with abundances of both Monochamus species was distance to previous wildfire.</p> <p>5. Synthesis and applications: PWN epicenters in the southern Rocky Mountains exhibit specific temporal windows of vector activity that differ from proximal sites. Urban forests, where the disease was initially observed in the region, do not support vector populations. Our results suggest that natural forest landscapes in the region are important reservoirs of PWN and vector populations are especially abundant near burned stands. Collectively, our findings are important for timing disease management activities appropriately and help to distinguish priority areas for mitigation efforts.</p>
Host plant phenology, insect outbreaks and herbivore communities – the importance of timing
1. Climate change may alter the dynamics of outbreak species by changing the phenological synchrony between herbivores and their host plants. As host plant phenology has a genotypic component that may interact with climate, infestation levels among genotypes might change accordingly. When the outbreaking herbivore is active early in the season, its infestation levels may also leave a detectable imprint on herbivores colonizing the plant later in the season. 2. In this study, we first investigated how the spring phenology and genotype of Quercus robur influenced the density of the spring-active, outbreaking leaf miner Acrocercops brongniardellus. We then assessed how intraspecific density affected the performance of A. brongniardellus and how oak genotype and density of A. brongniardellus affected the insect herbivore community. 3. We found that Q. robur individuals of late spring phenology were more strongly infested by A. brongniardellus. Conspecific pupae on heavily infested oaks tended to be lighter, and fewer heterospecific insect herbivores colonized the oak later in the season. Beyond its effects through phenology, plant genotype left an imprint on herbivore species richness and on two insect herbivores. 4. Our results suggest a chain of knock-on effects from plant phenology, through the outbreaking species to the insect herbivore community. Given the finding of how phenological synchrony between the outbreak species and its host plant influences infestation levels, a shift in synchrony may then change outbreak dynamics and cause cascading effects on the insect community. 29-Oct-2019
Phenology of Insects of Ekaterinburg
<p>Phenology of Insects Dataset of Ural State Pedagogical University (Russian Federation) consisting of 405 records collected during 43 years between 1975 and 2017.</p>
Community phenology of insects on oak – local differentiation along a climatic gradient
<p>Climate change is advancing the onset of phenological events, with the rate of advance varying among species and trophic levels. In addition, local populations of the same species may show genetic differences in their response to seasonal cues. If populations of interacting species differ in their response, then climate change may result in geographically varying shifts in the community-level distribution of interaction strength. We explored the magnitude of trophic and species level responses to temperature in a tritrophic system comprising pedunculate oak, insect herbivores and their associated parasitoids. We sampled local realisations of this community at five sites along a transect spanning fifteen degrees of latitude. Samples from each trophic level at each site were exposed to the same set of five climatic regimes during overwintering in climate chambers. We then recorded the number of days and degree-days required for oak acorns to develop and insects to emerge. In terms of dates of events, phenology differed among populations. In terms of degree days, we found that for two species pairs, the heat sum required to develop in spring differed by an additional ~ 500 degree days between trophic levels when overwintering at the highest temperature. For three species, within-population variation in the number of degree-days required for emergence was higher at warmer temperatures. Our findings suggest that changing temperatures can modify interactions within a community by altering the relative phenology of interacting species, and that some interactions are more vulnerable than others to a shift in temperature. The geographic variation in the phenological response of a species suggests that there is a genetic component in determining the phenology of local populations. Such local variation blended with interspecific differences in responses makes it complex to understand how communities will respond to warmer temperatures.</p>
Supplementary material 4 from: Romiti F, Redolfi De Zan L, Rossi de Gasperis S, Tini M, Scaccini D, Anaclerio M, Carpaneto G (2017) Latitudinal cline in weapon allometry and phenology of the European stag beetle. In: Campanaro A, Hardersen S, Sabbatini Peverieri G, Carpaneto GM (Eds) Monitoring of saproxylic beetles and other insects protected in the European Union. Nature Conservation 19: 57-80. https://doi.org/10.3897/natureconservation.19.12681
Allometric relationship between mandible (LnML) and elytron (LnEL) length of each population : Data type: statistical data
Supplementary material 3 from: Romiti F, Redolfi De Zan L, Rossi de Gasperis S, Tini M, Scaccini D, Anaclerio M, Carpaneto G (2017) Latitudinal cline in weapon allometry and phenology of the European stag beetle. In: Campanaro A, Hardersen S, Sabbatini Peverieri G, Carpaneto GM (Eds) Monitoring of saproxylic beetles and other insects protected in the European Union. Nature Conservation 19: 57-80. https://doi.org/10.3897/natureconservation.19.12681
Allometric relationship between mandible (LnML) and elytron (LnEL) length for minor and major morph : Data type: statistical data
Supplementary material 1 from: Romiti F, Redolfi De Zan L, Rossi de Gasperis S, Tini M, Scaccini D, Anaclerio M, Carpaneto G (2017) Latitudinal cline in weapon allometry and phenology of the European stag beetle. In: Campanaro A, Hardersen S, Sabbatini Peverieri G, Carpaneto GM (Eds) Monitoring of saproxylic beetles and other insects protected in the European Union. Nature Conservation 19: 57-80. https://doi.org/10.3897/natureconservation.19.12681
Shapiro-Wilk normality test on biometric, phenological and climatic variable : Data type: statistical data
Chronicle of Nature - Phenology of Insects of Bryansk Forest Nature Reserve
Insects Phenology dataset compiled in the context of Chronicle of Nature program in Bryansk Forest Nature Reserve (Russian Federation) consisting of 157 records collected during 24 years between 1989 and 2012.
Chronicle of Nature - Phenology of Insects of Kaniv Nature Reserve
Insects Phenology dataset compiled in the context of Chronicle of Nature program in Kaniv Nature Reserve (Ukraine) consisting of 235 records collected during 46 years between 1972 and 2017.
Chronicle of Nature - Phenology of Insects of FGBU National Park Kenozersky
Insects Phenology dataset compiled in the context of Chronicle of Nature program in FGBU National Park Kenozersky (Russian Federation) consisting of 114 records collected during 12 years between 1999 and 2015.
Chronicle of Nature - Phenology of Insects of State Nature Reserve Nurgush
Insects Phenology dataset compiled in the context of Chronicle of Nature program in State Nature Reserve Nurgush (Russian Federation) consisting of 185 records collected during 20 years between 1995 and 2014.
Chronicle of Nature - Phenology of Insects of FSBI United Administration of the Lazovsky State Reserve and National Park Zov Tigra
Insects Phenology dataset compiled in the context of Chronicle of Nature program in FSBI United Administration of the Lazovsky State Reserve and National Park Zov Tigra (Russian Federation) consisting of 77 records collected during 8 years between 2003 and 2016.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.