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31 results for “invasive dominance”
Dalton and Nenana study site data including: invasive plant density estimates, invasive plant density, soil data, seedling estimates for dominant tree species and ground cover estimates for sites
This dataset contains invasive plant and stand level data for study sites along the Dalton and Parks highways in interior Alaska in the summer of 2012. Study sites were situated in burned and mature black spruce forests to compare invasive plant colonization patterns. Invasive plant density estimates along the road adjacent to each site are included, as well as invasive plant density within study sites. Other data includes ground cover estimates for dominant ground cover types, estimates of seedling abundance for dominant tree species, soil paramters (mineral soil pH and mineral soil moisture, residual organic layer/ organic layer depths, and active layer depths).
Figure 1 in First record of the near threatened native seahorse Hippocampus reidi (Teleostei: Syngnathidae) in an ecosystem dominated by the invasive seagrass Halophila stipulacea in the Caribbean Sea
Figure 1. – Specimen of Hippocampus reidi Ginsburg, 1933, photographed in a dense Halophila stipulacea seagrass bed on the west coast of Martinique Island, on 9th June 2017.
FIGURE 3 in Invasive poeciliids dominate fish community in a highly altered river: insights from a diversity study of riverbank fishes in Mexico
FIGURE 3 | Canonical Correspondence Analysis (CCA) results showing the relative influence of environmental variable on the community structure of fish species within each site and seasons. Native species are represented by black triangles, while invasive species are denoted by black circles
FIGURE 2 in Invasive poeciliids dominate fish community in a highly altered river: insights from a diversity study of riverbank fishes in Mexico
FIGURE 2 | Rank-abundance curves for each site and each sampled season. Pb: Pseudoxiphophorus bimaculatus; Pr: Poecilia reticulata; Pg: P. gracilis; Pm: P. mexicana; Ga: Goodea atripinnis; Nc: Notropis calientis, Cc: Cyprinus carpio. Native species are highlighted in bold. Due to the high number of individuals in drainage confluence site Log10 was used for comparative purposes.
FIGURE 1 in Invasive poeciliids dominate fish community in a highly altered river: insights from a diversity study of riverbank fishes in Mexico
FIGURE 1 | Map of the sampling sites along the Tula River: 1) Dam spillway, 2) Spring-fed, 3) Drainage confluence.
Species redistribution combined with invasive dominance but not species turnover promotes biotic homogenization following invasion
<p>Disentangling the processes lead to biotic homogenization is important and will guide conservation efforts. Temporal turnover in species composition (i.e., β-diversity) and changes in local α-diversity are two distinct processes drive biotic homogenization, but these effects may be masked by invasive dominance. After removing invasive dominance, we compared the changes in species diversity and species distribution patterns before and after invasion aims to measure the relative contribution of species turnover and local diversity changes to biological homogenization. Invasive dominance indeed had an important contribution to biotic homogenization, and the effects increased with an increase in the invasive species number. Species composition of native plots was not significantly different from invaded plots when removing invasive species. Invasion changed native species distribution patterns and promoted the wide spread of most species, which causes an increase in local richness and community evenness. We highlight that species redistribution combined with invasive dominance but not species turnover promotes biotic homogenization, especially at early invasion stages. Avoiding the ecological impacts of biotic homogenization following invasion will require much stronger proactive management to prevent invasive dominance as well as increase monitoring at the early stages of invasion.</p>
Data from: Dominant carnivore loss benefits native avian and invasive mammalian scavengers
<p>Scavenging by large carnivores is integral for ecosystem functioning by limiting the build-up of carrion and facilitating widespread energy flows. However, top carnivores have declined across the world, triggering trophic shifts within ecosystems. In this study, we use a natural 'removal experiment' of disease-driven decline and island extirpation of native mammalian (marsupial) carnivores to investigate top-down control on utilisation of experimentally placed carcasses by two mesoscavengers – the invasive feral cat and native forest raven. Ravens were the main beneficiary of carnivore loss, scavenging for five times longer in the absence of native mammalian carnivores. Cats scavenged on half of all carcasses in the region without dominant native carnivores. This was eight times more than in areas where other carnivores were at high densities. All carcasses persisted longer than the three-week monitoring period in the absence of native mammalian carnivores, while in areas with high carnivore abundance, all carcasses were fully consumed. Our results reveal the efficiency of carrion consumption by mammalian scavengers. These services are not readily replaced by less-efficient facultative scavengers. Overall, our results demonstrate the significance of global carnivore conservation and support management approaches, such as rewilding in areas where the natural suite of carnivores is missing.</p>
Dominant species establishment may influence invasion resistance more than phylogenetic or functional diversity
<ol> <li>Phylogenetic and functional diversity are theorized to increase invasion resistance. Experimentally testing whether plant communities higher in these components of diversity are less invasible is an important step for guiding restoration designs.</li> <li>To investigate how phylogenetic and functional diversity of vegetation affect invasion resistance in a restoration setting, we used experimental prairie restoration plots. The experiment crossed three levels of phylogenetic diversity with two levels of functional diversity while species richness was held constant. We allowed invaders to colonize plots; these included native species from neighboring plots and non-native invasive species from a surrounding old field. We tested if invader biomass was influenced by phylogenetic and functional diversity, and phylogenetic and hierarchical trait distances between invaders and planted species. We binned each invader into three categories: native species from neighboring experimental plots (site-specific invaders); native species not part of the experimental species pool (native invaders); or non-native species (non-native invaders).</li> <li>Counter to expectation, both non-native and native invaders became more abundant in more phylogenetically diverse plots. However, plots with higher abundance of planted Asteraceae, a dominant family of the tallgrass prairie, had lower invader biomass for both native and non-native invaders.</li> <li>We also found that hierarchical trait differences shaped invasion. The species that became most abundant were non-native invaders that were taller, and native invaders with low specific leaf area relative to planted species. Site-specific invaders were not influenced by any plot-level diversity metrics tested.</li> <li> <em>Synthesis and application</em>: Our results suggest greater phylogenetic diversity may lower resistance to invasion. This effect may be due to more even but sparser niche packing in high-diversity plots, associated with greater availability of unsaturated niche space for colonization. However, trait composition fostered invasion resistance in two ways in our study. First, establishment of native species with strongly dominant traits may confer invasion resistance. Second, species mixes that optimize trait differences between planted vegetation and likely invaders may enhance invasion-resistance.</li> </ol>
Dominant species establishment may influence invasion resistance more than phylogenetic or functional diversity
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Species redistribution combined with invasive dominance but not species turnover promotes biotic homogenization following invasion
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Dominance of a highly invasive ant is limited to the nesting territory of its supercolony
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Data from: Dominant carnivore loss benefits native avian and invasive mammalian scavengers
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Data from: Muskrat disturbances and their analogues reduce invasive plant dominance within a Great Lakes coastal wetland
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Data from: Invasive dominance and resident diversity: unpacking the impact of plant invasion on biodiversity and ecosystem function
Plant invasions have consistently been shown to cause significant reductions in the diversity of recipient plant communities; an effect that can cascade through ecosystems to impact the stocks and flows of nutrients and energy as well as the diversity of higher trophic levels. However, the manner in which invasive plants alter ecosystem functioning and trophic interactions is highly variable can occur through the direct effects of the invader's abundance and its indirect effects via changes in community diversity. Understanding the nature of these interactions between plant invasion, community diversity and ecosystem functioning can provide insight for ecosystem managers. We evaluated whether plant invasion alters the relationship between biodiversity and ecosystem function (BEF) by comparing BEF models that either include or subtract the diversity and function values associated with the invasive vine, Vincetoxicum rossicum. To do this, we 1) characterize V. rossicum within the functional trait space of the regional species pool; 2) assess how different components of plant biodiversity vary along a V. rossicum invasion gradient; and 3) examine how V. rossicum invasion affects BEF relationships and trophic interactions, both at the plot-scale and incrementally along a site-level invasion gradient. In general, we found that V. rossicum invasion was associated with significant declines in plant community diversity across a suite of biodiversity measures; a consequence of V. rossicum's functional trait structure (height and specific leaf area). We also found that V. rossicum invasion resulted in significantly greater productivity (i.e. dominance effects in the inclusion model), but also that the diversity of the remaining resident community was positively associated with productivity (i.e. niche complementarity in the subtraction model). Further, we observed that while the relationship between flower cover and pollinator diversity was positive for both the inclusion and subtraction models, this relationship was stronger in the absence of V. rossicum. Our findings suggest that while plant invasion can result in enhanced productivity via dominance effects, this comes at the cost of significant declines in diversity. However, it is also the case that remaining resident diversity can exhibit positive effects on multiple functions and support for higher trophic levels.
Data from: Disruption of foraging by a dominant invasive species to decrease its competitive ability
Invasive species are a major threat to biodiversity when dominant within their newly established habitat. The globally distributed Argentine ant Linepithema humile has been reported to break the trade-off between interference and exploitative competition, achieve high population densities, and overpower nests of many endemic ant species. We have used the sensitivity of the Argentine ant to the synthetic trail pheromone (Z)-9-hexadecanal to investigate species interactions for the first time. We predicted that disrupting Argentine ant trail following behaviour would reduce their competitive ability and create an opportunity for three other resident species to increase their foraging success. Argentine ant success in the control was reduced with increasing pheromone concentration, as predicted, but interactions varied among competing resident species. These behavioural variations provide an explanation for observed differences in foraging success of the competing resident species and how much each of these individual competitors can increase their foraging if the competitive ability of the dominant invader is decreased. The mechanism for the observed increase in resource acquisition of resident species appears to be a decrease in aggressive behaviour displayed by the Argentine ant, which may create an opportunity for other resident species to forage more successfully. Our demonstration of species interactions with trail pheromone disruption is the first known case of reduced dominance under a pheromone treatment in ants.
Data from: Testing for beneficial reversal of dominance during salinity shifts in the invasive copepod Eurytemora affinis, and implications for the maintenance of genetic variation
Maintenance of genetic variation at loci under selection has profound implications for adaptation under environmental change. In temporally and spatially varying habitats, non-neutral polymorphism could be maintained by heterozygote advantage across environments (marginal overdominance), which could be greatly increased by beneficial reversal of dominance across conditions. We tested for reversal of dominance and marginal overdominance in salinity tolerance in the salt-to-freshwater invading copepod Eurytemora affinis. We compared survival of F1 offspring generated by crossing saline and freshwater inbred lines (between-salinity F1 crosses) relative to within-salinity F1 crosses, across three salinities. We found evidence for both beneficial reversal of dominance and marginal overdominance in salinity tolerance. In support of reversal of dominance, survival of between-salinity F1 crosses was not different from that of freshwater F1 crosses under freshwater conditions and saltwater F1 crosses under saltwater conditions. In support of marginal overdominance, between-salinity F1 crosses exhibited significantly higher survival across salinities relative to both freshwater and saltwater F1 crosses. Our study provides a rare empirical example of complete beneficial reversal of dominance associated with environmental change. This mechanism might be crucial for maintaining genetic variation in salinity tolerance in E. affinis populations, allowing rapid adaptation to salinity changes during habitat invasions.
Habitat alteration facilitates the dominance of invasive species through disrupting niche partitioning in floodplain wetlands
<p>Aim: Exotic species invasion often leads to declines in local and regional biodiversity, particularly in freshwater ecosystems. This biodiversity loss is generally facilitated by human activities such as land cover change and hydrological alternation. Recent advances in stable isotope analysis (SIA) have been highlighted in many studies addressing fundamental issues in invasion ecology, especially in quantifying competition for resources between native and exotic species. However, how anthropogenic disturbance influences trophic relationships among invasive and native species remains poorly understood.</p> <p>Location: Middle-lower Yangtze River region, China</p> <p>Methods: To investigate the effects of human disturbance on interspecific trophic interactions, this study compared isotopic niche space and overlap of the introduced red swamp crayfish (Procambarus clarkii) and the native oriental river shrimp (Macrobrachium nipponense) and freshwater snail (Bellamya aeruginosa) in natural and modified wetlands.</p> <p>Results: Based on carbon and nitrogen SIA, we found ubiquitous niche shifts in macroinvertebrates with increased competition, which might lead to significant niche contraction in modified habitats at both community and population scales. Moreover, the isotopic niche width of the exotic crayfish was twice as larger as that of natives at both habitats, suggesting that the exotic P. clarkii had great competitive superiority over the native species. However, the effects of habitat modification on niche overlap were inconsistent. While the niche overlap between crayfish and shrimp was significantly higher in modified habitats than in natural open waters, niche overlap between crayfish and the snail was significantly reduced.</p> <p>Main conclusions: Collectively, our findings highlight that the competitive outcomes of interspecific trophic interactions can be dependent on the prey availability and diversity, which embraces both the classic optimal foraging theory and competition theory to understand how environmental change, such as habitat alternation, affects the biological invasion processes.</p>
A trait‐based approach predicting community assembly and dominance of microbial invasive species
<p>Understanding the mechanisms underlying community assembly helps to define success and susceptibility to biological invasions. A methodological approach to this aim is to use trait-based approaches. Under the hypothesis that the morphology-based functional groups (MBFG) clusters species with similar niche we analyse how trait-related differences in fitness influence the outcome of invasion. The invasive dinoflagellate <i>Ceratium furcoides</i> (CF) can be used as the model species considering its morphological (e.g. volume) and physiological traits (e.g. growth rates) comparing with species from the same (MBFG V) and different (MBFG VII: colonial cyanobacteria) MBFG. Here we present the information needed to apply this approach with similar or different questions including information from two aquatic environments from South America: the first one located in Argentina (Miní flood-plain Lake) and the second one in Uruguay (Salto Grande Reservoir). Phytoplankton morphological traits measured from field samples, along with richness, abundance, biovolume and environmental variables are presented. Phytoplankton individuals and species are classified in terms of MBFG and focus on the invasive species <i>Ceratium furcoides</i>. The literature derived information includes growth rates with temperature for phytoplankton species classified in MBFG V including <i>Ceratium furcoides</i>.</p>
Segmentectomy for Ground Glass-dominant Invasive Lung Cancer (ECTOP-1012)
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT05717803. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.
Data from: Species turnover and invasion of dominant freshwater invertebrates alter biodiversity-ecosystem function relationship
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