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Figs 44–66 in Revision of the non-marine centric diatom flora (Bacillariophyta) of the sub-Antarctic Campbell Island (southern Pacific Ocean) with the descriptions of five new species

Figs 44–66. Ferocia houkiana Goeyers & Van de Vijver sp. nov. LM and SEM. Campbell Island holotype population, sample BAS284 (BR-4578). LM. 44–49. Several frustules in girdle view, often connected to each other. 50–51. Internal valves. 52–62. Several valves in valve face view clearly showing the central ring of spines. SEM. 63. Frustule in girdle view with the narrow copulae. 64. Frustule in girdle view with the narrow copulae on one side and one the side showing the broad mantle with one indicated rimoportula. 65. External view of a valve face and the girdle. Note the central ring of partly hollow spines. 66. External view of two valves connected via their linking spines. The arrow indicates the Müller step. Scale bars = 10 μm.

Figs 20–27 in Revision of the non-marine centric diatom flora (Bacillariophyta) of the sub-Antarctic Campbell Island (southern Pacific Ocean) with the descriptions of five new species

Figs 20–27. Angusticopula chilensis (Grunow) Houk et al. SEM. Campbell Island epitype population, sample BAS286. 20–22. SEM view of several valves in girdle view showing the ligulate, open, narrow girdle bands. The arrows indicate the ligulae in Fig. 20, the rimmed mantle edge in Fig. 21 and the fimbriate pars interior of the copulae in Fig. 22. 23. External view of a valve face. 24. External detail of the very fine striae and the small, rounded areolae. 25. Internal view of an entire valve showing the rimoportulae and the thick mantle. 26. External view of the mantle/valve face junction with several openings of the rimoportulae (arrows). 27. Internal detail of the valve mantle with some rimoportulae. Scale bars: 20–23, 25–26 = 10 μm; 24, 27 = 1 μm.

Figs 28–36 in Revision of the non-marine centric diatom flora (Bacillariophyta) of the sub-Antarctic Campbell Island (southern Pacific Ocean) with the descriptions of five new species

Figs 28–36. Angusticopula cosmica Goeyers & Van de Vijver sp. nov. LM. Campbell Island holotype population, sample BAS303 (BR-4577). 28. Frustule in girdle view showing the discoid chloroplasts. 29. Frustule in valve face view showing the discoid chloroplasts. 30–36. Several valves in valve face view showing clearly the submarginal ring of rimoportulae (arrows) and the striated valve face margin. Scale bar = 10 μm.

Figs 1–19 in Revision of the non-marine centric diatom flora (Bacillariophyta) of the sub-Antarctic Campbell Island (southern Pacific Ocean) with the descriptions of five new species

Figs 1–19. Angusticopula chilensis (Grunow) Houk et al. LM. Campbell Island epitype population, sample BAS286. 1–6, 12–13. Several frustules in girdle view. 5, 12. Internal valves. 7–11, 14–19. Several valves in valve face view clearly showing the marginal rimoportulae. Scale bar = 10 μm.

opencc-zeroDec 2023View details →

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Data from: Evidence for reductions in physical and chemical plant defense traits in island flora

Reduced defense against large herbivores has been suggested to be part of the "island syndrome" in plants. However, empirical evidence for this pattern is mixed. In this paper, we present two studies that compare putative physical and chemical defense traits from plants on the California Channel Islands and nearby mainland based on sampling of both field and common garden plants. In the first study, we focus on five pairs of woody shrubs from three island and three mainland locations and find evidence for increased leaf area, decreased marginal leaf spines, and decreased concentrations of cyanogenic glycosides in island plants. We observed similar increases in leaf area and decreases in defense traits when comparing island and mainland genotypes grown together in botanic gardens, suggesting that trait differences are not solely driven by abiotic differences between island and mainland sites. In the second study, we conducted a common garden experiment with a perennial herb—Stachys bullata (Lamiaceae)—collected from two island and four mainland locations. Compared to their mainland relatives, island genotypes show highly reduced glandular trichomes and a nearly 100-fold reduction in mono- and sesquiterpene compounds from leaf surfaces. Island genotypes also had significantly higher specific leaf area, somewhat lower rates of gas exchange, and greater aboveground biomass than mainland genotypes across two years of study, potentially reflecting a broader shift in growth habit. Together, our results provide evidence for reduced expression of putative defense traits in island plants, though these results may reflect adaptation to both biotic (i.e., the historical absence of large herbivores) and climatic conditions on islands.

opencc-by-4.0Oct 2020View details →

FIGURE 3 in Notes on the Vascular Flora of the Island of Príncipe (São Tomé and Príncipe) in the Gulf of Guinea

FIGURE 3 Miscellaneous vascular plants. Psilotum nudum (top), fertile plants on base of coconut palm (Daniel & Shevock 12035). Sciaphila ledermannii (bottom left), fertile plant (Daniel et al. 12085, photo by M. Nadel). Sciaphila ledermannii (bottom center), fertile plant (Daniel et al. 12084, photo by M. Nadel). Justicia secunda (bottom right), inflorescence with flowers (photo and copyright: C. Feuillet, CC BY-NC, used with permission), taken in French Guiana.

opencc-by-4.0Oct 2020View details →

FIGURE 2 in Notes on the Vascular Flora of the Island of Príncipe (São Tomé and Príncipe) in the Gulf of Guinea

FIGURE 2. Miscellaneous Acanthaceae. Brillantaisia owariensis (left; Daniel s.n., from plants cultivated at San Francisco Conservatory of Flowers), leaf and living flowers. Dicliptera verticillata (top right), inflorescence with flower (corolla resupinate 180°; cultivated at San Francisco Conservatory of Flowers from seed of Daniel 11122 collected on São Tomé). Phaulopsis micrantha (bottom right), axillary flower (Daniel 11145, from São Tomé, field photo by W. Eckerman). Photos by the author except as noted.

Figure 5 in First record of five fish species from Réunion Island observed during the inventory of the Marine Natural Zones of Interest for Ecology, Flora and Fauna (ZNIEFF)

Figure 5. – Specimen of Trichonotus marleyi photographed on 6 April 2017 at 20°55'30.54"S and 55°17'55.32"E.

Figure 3 in First record of five fish species from Réunion Island observed during the inventory of the Marine Natural Zones of Interest for Ecology, Flora and Fauna (ZNIEFF)

Figure 3. – Specimen of Fusigobius neophytus photographed on 22 November 2017 at 21°1'16.32"S and 55°13'31.84"E.

Figure 1 in First record of five fish species from Réunion Island observed during the inventory of the Marine Natural Zones of Interest for Ecology, Flora and Fauna (ZNIEFF)

Figure 1. – Location of the observation stations of the 5 fish species present- ed in this study on a geomorphological map of the Reunionese coastline.

Figure 4 in First record of five fish species from Réunion Island observed during the inventory of the Marine Natural Zones of Interest for Ecology, Flora and Fauna (ZNIEFF)

Figure 4. – Specimen of Samariscus triocellatus photographed on 4 May 2016 at 21°6'20.92"S and 55°46'16.72"E.

Figure 2 in First record of five fish species from Réunion Island observed during the inventory of the Marine Natural Zones of Interest for Ecology, Flora and Fauna (ZNIEFF)

Figure 2. – Specimen of Fusigobius inframaculatus photographed on 8 April 2016 at 21°21'18.54"S and 55°47'31.31"E.

opencc-zeroJan 2024View details →

Linked collectors and determiners for: Cheklist of vascular plants of the flora of the Malyi Potomkinskyi Island (Kherson region, Ukraine).

Natural history specimen data linked to collectors and determiners held within, "Cheklist of vascular plants of the flora of the Malyi Potomkinskyi Island (Kherson region, Ukraine)". Claims or attributions were made on Bionomia by volunteer Scribes, <a href="https://bionomia.net/dataset/e9eff47c-5307-49d7-85ee-05dd4760666a">https://bionomia.net/dataset/e9eff47c-5307-49d7-85ee-05dd4760666a</a> using specimen data from the dataset aggregated by the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, <a href="https://gbif.org/dataset/e9eff47c-5307-49d7-85ee-05dd4760666a">https://gbif.org/dataset/e9eff47c-5307-49d7-85ee-05dd4760666a</a>. Formatted as a Frictionless Data package.

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Woodiness and succulence of the Canary Islands flora

Aim: Oceanic islands possess unique floras with high proportions of endemic species. Island floras are expected to be severely affected by changing climatic conditions as species on islands have limited distribution ranges, small population sizes and face the constraints of insularity to track their climatic niches. We aimed to assess how ongoing climate change affects the range sizes of oceanic island plants, identifying species of particular conservation concern. Location: Canary Islands, Spain. Methods: We combined species occurrence data from single-island endemic, archipelago endemic and non-endemic native plant species of the Canary Islands with data on current and future climatic conditions. Bayesian Additive Regression Trees were used to assess the effect of climate change on species distributions; 71% (n = 502 species) of the native Canary Island species had models deemed good enough. To further assess how climate change affects plant functional strategies, we collected data on woodiness and succulence. Results: Single-island endemic species were projected to lose a greater proportion of their climatically suitable area (x̃ = ‑0.36) than archipelago endemics (x̃ = ‑0.28) or non-endemic native species (x̃ = ‑0.26), especially on Lanzarote and Fuerteventura, which are expected to experience less annual precipitation in the future. Moreover, herbaceous single-island endemics were projected to gain less and lose more climatically suitable area than insular woody single-island endemics. In contrast, we found that succulent single-island endemics and non-endemic natives gain more and lose less climatically suitable area. Main conclusions: While all native species are of conservation importance, we emphasise single-island endemic species not characterised by functional strategies associated with water use efficiency. Our results are particularly critical for other oceanic island floras that are not constituted by such a vast diversity of insular woody species as the Canary Islands.

opencc-zeroFeb 2023View details →

FIG. 5 in The marine vegetation of the Kerguelen Islands: history of scientific campaigns, inventory of the flora and first analysis of its biogeographical affinities

FIG. 5. — Graph of the similarity network between regions (coloured nodes) based on the Kerguelen macroalgae (black nodes) co-occurrence dataset (using ForceAtlas2 layout algorithm). Colour codes are the same as in Figure 1. Nodes size is relative to the number of species co-occurring in the Kerguelen Islands. 51 species of doubtful taxonomic status were not considered. Sites: AMS, Amsterdam I.; SPA, Saint-Paul I.; MAR, Marion I.; PED, Prince Edwards Is.; CRO, Crozet Is.; HEA, Heard and McDonald Is.; MAQ, Macquarie I.; AUK, Auckland Is.; CAM, Campbell Is.; FUE, Fuegia; FAL, Falkland Is.; SGI, South Georgia Is.; SSI, South Shetland Is.; SOI, South Orkney Is.; APE, Antarctic Peninsula; END, Enderby L.; McR, MacRobertson L.; QMA, Queen Mary L.; WIL, Wilkes L.; ADE, Adelie L.; VIC, Victoria L.

FIG. 4 in The marine vegetation of the Kerguelen Islands: history of scientific campaigns, inventory of the flora and first analysis of its biogeographical affinities

FIG. 4. — Number of marine macroalgae species reported in the Kerguelen Islands since the Ross expedition (1840), in each phylum (Delépine 1996 is a personnal communication to J.-P. Féral).

FIG. 3. — A in The marine vegetation of the Kerguelen Islands: history of scientific campaigns, inventory of the flora and first analysis of its biogeographical affinities

FIG. 3. — A, Number of nominal species per family of marine macroalgae of the Kerguelen Islands; B, taxonomic status (accepted, uncertain, co-occurrence in the Northern Hemisphere) of the species for the three considered phyla (Chlorophyta, Ochrophyta-Phaeophycae and Rhodophyta).

FIG. 2 in The marine vegetation of the Kerguelen Islands: history of scientific campaigns, inventory of the flora and first analysis of its biogeographical affinities

FIG. 2. — Location of historical collections of macroalgae in the Kerguelen Islands. Precise locations are not given by all reports and should be partly inferred. The map shows the sites visited during 1, the Ross expedition (Hooker 1844-1847); 2, the Challenger expedition (Dickie 1876a, b, c, e); 3, the US (Farlow 1876); 4, English (Dickie 1876d, f); and 5, German (Askenasy 1889); 6, Venus transit expeditions, as well as the German south polar expedition (Foslie 1908, Reinbold 1908). 7, The Hopeful Bay (Zinova 1973) was added.

FIG. 1 in The marine vegetation of the Kerguelen Islands: history of scientific campaigns, inventory of the flora and first analysis of its biogeographical affinities

FIG. 1. — Sub-Antarctic and Antarctic regions considered in the biogeographical analysis of the Kerguelen Islands marine macroalgae also occurring elsewhere in the Southern Ocean. Colours: orange, temperate Southern Africa; blue, sub-Antarctic Islands; light blue, sub-Antarctic New Zealand; light green, Magellanic region; green, Scotia Sea; violet, continental High Antarctic (after Spalding et al. 2007). Geographical coordinates are given in the inset.