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10 results for “island restoration”
Comparing vertical accretion, organic carbon (C) sequestration, and nitrogen burial between a natural, never diked tidal salt marsh and a hydrologically restored tidal salt marsh on Sapelo Island, Georgia.
Restoration of tidal marshes throughout the 20th century have attempted to bring back important functions of natural tidal systems. In this study, vertical accretion, organic carbon (C) sequestration, and nitrogen burial were compared between a natural, never diked tidal salt marsh and a hydrologically restored tidal salt marsh on Sapelo Island, Georgia to examine the impacts of restoration years later. On Sapelo Island there are two marshes near the University of Georgia Marine Institute, one of which is a natural marsh, and one of which is a restored marsh. The restored marsh had been diked in 1948, and the dike was breached, allowing for the marsh to be restored, in 1956. Soil cores were collected from both marshes, and the sediments were analysed for Nitrogen and Carbon concentrations and bulk density. This analysis was used to determine accretion rates for the two marshes as well as changes in the restored marsh since the dike was breached. Nitrogen burial, carbon sequestration, and soil accretion in the restored marsh as compared to the natural marsh were the focus of this study.
Data from: Restoring heathlands after afforestation on two islands in western Norway
<p><span>The ongoing loss of red-listed coastal heathlands is a threat to biodiversity and cultural heritage legacies throughout the Atlantic coastal regions of Europe. It is possible to restore degraded and afforested heathlands, but restoration interventions are often labour-intensive and costly, and the outcome of specific restoration actions is not well documented. We assess the efficiency of restoring coastal heathlands through natural succession (i.e. "passive restoration") after removal of Sitka spruce (<em>Picea</em> <em>sitchensis</em> (Bong.) Carr.) plantations. The study was replicated on two neighbouring islands in a nature reserve in Western Norway. Low-intensity free-range sheep grazing was implemented as part of the reserve management plan. Furthermore, we tested the effect of leaving the clear-felled woody material as chips on site, this being a cost-efficient strategy on islands. Succession was monitored 1, 2, 4/5 and 8 years after clear-felling, and revegetation of vascular plants and bryophytes was compared to target heathland vegetation. Surprisingly, we found different successional trajectories on the two islands. Species composition on one island approached target heathland vegetation during succession, but not on the other. Wood chips reduced species richness and slowed the restoration process, but these negative effects were only short-term (< 8 years). Differences in seed bank composition and soil conditions due to land use may explain the deviating successional trajectories on the two islands. We also found that management actions beyond clear-felling and introducing sheep grazing are necessary due to the rapid seed regeneration of the Sitka spruce.</span></p>
Data from: Application of a trait‐based species screening framework for vegetation restoration in a tropical coral island of China
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Data from: Restoring heathlands after afforestation on two islands in western Norway
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Insect seed-predator networks respond positively to restoration on a tropical island
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Data from: Population genomics of Sitka black-tailed deer supports invasive species management and ecological restoration on islands
<p>Invasive mammals represent a critical threat to island biodiversity; eradications can result in ecological restoration yet may fail in the absence of key population parameters. Over-browsing by invasive Sitka black-tailed deer (<em>Odocoileus hemionus sitkensis</em>) is causing severe ecological and cultural impacts across the Haida Gwaii archipelago (Canada). Previous eradication attempts demonstrate forest regeneration upon deer removal, but reinvasion reverses conservation gains. Here we use restriction-site associated DNA sequencing (12,947 SNPs) to investigate connectivity and gene flow of invasive deer (n=181) across 15 islands, revealing little structure throughout Haida Gwaii and identifying the large, central island of Moresby (>2,600 km2) as the greatest source of migrants. As a result, the archipelago itself should be considered the primary eradication unit, with the exception of geographically isolated islands like SGang Gwaay. Thus, limiting eradications to isolated islands combined with controlled culling and enhanced biosecurity may be the most effective strategies for achieving ecological restoration goals.</p>
Microbes in reconstructive restoration: Divergence in constructed and natural tree island soil fungi affects tree growth
<p>Project folder for publication "Microbes in reconstructive restoration: Divergence in constructed and natural tree island soil fungi affects tree growth" containing: 1) scripts for data processing, 2) intermediate and final files output by scripts, and 3) RMarkdown files used to perform statistical analyses and generate figures. Descriptions of files, scripts, and folders in README files.</p> <p>Manuscript Abstract:</p> <p><span>As ecosystems face unprecedented change and habitat loss, pursuing comprehensive and resilient habitat restoration will be integral to protecting and maintaining natural areas and the services they provide. Microbiomes offer an important avenue for improving restoration efforts as they <span> </span>are integral to ecosystem health and functioning. Despite microbiomes’ importance, unresolved knowledge gaps hinder their inclusion in restoration efforts. Here, we address two critical gaps in understanding microbial roles in restoration – fungal microbiomes’ importance in “reconstructive” restoration efforts and how management and restoration decisions interactively impact fungal communities and their cascading effects on trees. We combined field surveys, microbiome sequencing, and greenhouse experiments to determine how reconstructing an iconic landscape feature – tree islands – in the highly imperiled Everglades impacts fungal microbiomes and fungal effects on native tree species compared to their natural <span> </span>counterparts under different proposed hydrological management regimes. Constructed islands used in this research were built from peat soil and limestone collected from deep sloughs and levees nearby the restoration sites in 2003, providing 18 years for microbiome assembly on <span> </span>constructed islands. We found that while fungal microbiomes from natural and constructed tree islands exhibited similar diversity and richness, they differed significantly in community composition. These compositional differences arose mainly from changes to which fungal taxa were present on the islands rather than changes in relative abundances. Surprisingly, ~50% of fungal hub taxa (putative keystone fungi) from natural islands were missing on constructed islands, suggesting that differences in community composition of constructed island could be important for microbiome stability and function. The differences in fungal composition between natural and constructed islands had important consequences for tree growth. Specifically, these compositional differences interacted with hydrological regime (treatments simulating management strategies) to affect woody growth across the four tree species in our experiment. Taken together, our results demonstrate that reconstructing a landscape feature without consideration of microbiomes can result in diverging fungal communities that are likely to interact with management decisions leading to meaningful consequences for foundational primary producers. Our results recommend cooperation between restoration practitioners and ecologists to evaluate opportunities for active management and restoration of microbiomes during future reconstructive restoration.</span></p>
The use of social attraction techniques to restore seabird colonies on Desecheo Island, Puerto Rico
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Data from: Population genomics of Sitka black-tailed deer supports invasive species management and ecological restoration on islands
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Genome-wide SNP genotyping reveals hidden population structure of an acroporid species at a subtropical coral island: Implications for coral restoration
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.