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48 results for “jasmonic acid”
Metabolic fingerprints for suboptimal mycorrhizal colonization in wild-type and the jasmonic acid deficient spr2 tomato mutant
<p>Raw data for metabolic fingerprinting of tomato roots by DLI-ESI-MS and GC-MS to examine the effect of mycorrhizal colonization on the global metabolic profile of WT and <em>spr2</em> mutant plants.</p>
Gene expression for suboptimal mycorrhizal colonization in wild-type and jasmonic acid deficient spr2 tomato mutants
<pre>Data were obtained from mycorrhizhal colonized roots of wild-type and and spr2 mutants tomato plants, at 32 and 45 days after mycorrhizhal inoculation. Amplifications were performed using SYBR Green detection chemistry and run in triplicate in 96-well reaction plates with the CFX96 Touch Real-Time PCR Detection System (Bio-Rad, Hercules, CA, USA). The data was analyzed by the delta delta ct method. </pre>
The PtrRZFP4-PtrJAZ2 module regulates the jasmonic acid signaling pathway involved in the interaction between poplar and herbivorous insects
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Data from the study: Effect of experimental DNA demethylation on phytohormones production and palatability of a clonal plant after induction via jasmonic acid
<p>Many plant species protect themselves against herbivores through mechanical or chemical so-called inducible defences (ID). These are regulated via a hormonal cascade which may be under epigenetic control and in which jasmonic acid (JA) plays a prominent role.</p> <p>In this study, we indirectly tested the role of DNA methylation in the production of ID and the synthesis of hormones involved in the ID signalling cascade. Using different intensities of 5-azacytidine application, we aimed to produce plants of <i>Trifolium repens</i> with different levels of DNA methylation alteration. We then elicited the plants together with controls, i.e. plants with natural DNA methylation status, with JA and then indirectly recorded ID production in herbivore-choice trials in which the leaves of plants with different DNA methylation statuses were provided to caterpillars of a generalist herbivore, <i>Spodoptera littoralis.</i></p> <p>We also analysed the balance of several key defence hormones such as jasmonates, abscisic acid (ABA), indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and salicylic acid in the plants. We found that the <i>Spodoptera littoralis</i> preferred demethylated plants over non-demethylated controls. Demethylation also reduced production of JA, ABA and IAA. We conclude that DNA methylation modulates expression of ID likely via regulation of signalling hormones involved in the establishment of defence.</p>
Data from: Plastic transcriptomes stabilize immunity to pathogen diversity: the jasmonic acid and salicylic acid networks within the Arabidopsis/Botrytis pathosystem
To respond to pathogen attack, selection and associated evolution has led to the creation of plant immune system that are a highly effective and inducible defense system. Central to this system are the plant defense hormones jasmonic acid (JA) and salicylic acid (SA) and crosstalk between the two, which may play an important role in defense responses to specific pathogens or even genotypes. Here, we used the Arabidopsis-B. cinerea pathosystem to test how the host's defense system functions against genetic variation in a pathogen. We measured defense-related phenotypes and transcriptomic responses in Arabidopsis wild-type Col-0 and JA- and SA-signaling mutants, coi1-1 and npr1-1, individually challenged with 96 diverse B. cinerea isolates. Those data showed genetic variation in the pathogen influences on all components within the plant defense system at the transcriptional level. We identified four gene co-expression networks and two vectors of defense variation triggered by genetic variation in B. cinerea. This showed that the JA and SA signaling pathways functioned to constrain/canalize the range of virulence in the pathogen population, but the underlying transcriptomic response was highly plastic. These data showed that plants utilize major defense hormone pathways to buffer disease resistance, but not the metabolic or transcriptional responses to genetic variation within a pathogen.
Data from: Jasmonic acid regulation of the anti-herbivory mechanism conferred by fungal endophytes in grasses
1. The most studied mechanism of protection against herbivores in grasses associated with Epichloë fungal endophytes has been the fungal production of alkaloids. However, the contribution of the plant immune responses on the level of resistance to herbivores in symbiotic grasses has been poorly explored. We studied the relationship between the plant hormone, jasmonic acid (JA), and Epichloë fungal endophytes on herbivore defenses in symbiotic grasses. We hypothesized that an exogenous application of methyl jasmonate (MeJA), an activator of the plant JA defense response, would increase the level of resistance of endophyte-symbiotic and non-symbiotic plants to a chewing insect. As Epichloë endophytes produce alkaloids, an enhancement of the JA defense would complement to the resistance given by these alkaloids. 2. Lolium multiflorum plants symbiotic and non-symbiotic with the endophyte Epichloë occultans were subjected to an exogenous application of MeJA followed by a challenge with the generalist chewing insect Spodoptera frugiperda. We measured the level of plant resistance to chewing insects, and the defenses conferred by host plants and fungal endophytes. 3. Symbiotic plants were more resistant to S. frugiperda than their non-symbiotic counterparts. However, despite the fact that the JA concentration significantly increased in all plants with the MeJA exposure, neither endophyte-symbiotic nor non-symbiotic plants showed an enhanced resistance to insects. Unexpectedly, the exposure of endophyte-symbiotic plants to MeJA led to a reduction in the concentration of loline alkaloids (i.e. N-formyllolines and N-acetylnorlolines), consequently decreasing the level of plant resistance to the herbivore. 4. Synthesis. Our results suggest that, rather than complementing the alkaloid-based defense, the JA hormone weakens the anti-herbivore mechanism conferred by endophytes. The present study highlights that the interaction between the JA hormone and the presence of leaf fungal endophytes can be of importance for the effectiveness of the anti-herbivore defenses of symbiotic plants.
Fig. 5 in Unique localization of jasmonic acid-related compounds in developing Phaseolus vulgaris L. (common bean) seeds revealed through desorption electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry imaging
Fig. 5. DESI-MS/MSI of OPDA and OPC-8 in the developing Phaseolus vulgaris seeds. (a) Optical image of the seed section for OPDA analysis. (b) MS/MS spectrum of precursor ion at m/z 291.1966 ± 1 Da obtained at the target enhanced mode for m/z 165.1. (c) Ion image at m/z 165.1300. (d) Optical image of the seed section for OPC-8:0 analysis. (e) MS/MS spectrum of precursor ion at m/z 293.2122 ± 1 Da obtained at the target enhanced mode for m/z 225.1. Ion images at m/z (f) 223.1400 and (g) 231.2142. Scale bar = 2 mm. Compound names are defined in Table 1.
Fig. 4 in Unique localization of jasmonic acid-related compounds in developing Phaseolus vulgaris L. (common bean) seeds revealed through desorption electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry imaging
Fig. 4. LC-ESI-MS/MS analysis of JA-related compounds in the extracts from the radicle and seed coat of developing Phaseolus vulgaris seeds. MS/MS spectra of peaks at (a) 5.3 min in Fig. 3c, (b) 5.3 min in Fig. 3d, (c) 6.5 min in Fig. 3c and (d) 6.5 min in Fig. 3d and (e) 6.3 min in Fig. 3e and (f) 6.3 min in Fig. 3f and (g) 6.4 min in Fig. 3e, (h) 6.4 min in Fig. 3f, (i) 6.7 min in Fig. 3e, and (j) 6.7 min in Fig. 3f. Compound names are defined in Table 1.
Fig. 2 in Unique localization of jasmonic acid-related compounds in developing Phaseolus vulgaris L. (common bean) seeds revealed through desorption electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry imaging
Fig. 2. LC-ESI-MS/MS analysis of JA-related compound standards. Spectra of (a) OPDA, (b) OPC-8:0, and (c) JA standards. Compound names are defined in Table 1.
Fig. 1 in Unique localization of jasmonic acid-related compounds in developing Phaseolus vulgaris L. (common bean) seeds revealed through desorption electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry imaging
Fig. 1. DESI-MSI analysis of JA-related compounds in the developing Phaseolus vulgaris seeds. (a) Optical image of the section. (b) Mass spectrum obtained from the section. Ion images of m/z (c) 277.2172, (d) 291.1953, and (e) 293.2117. Three different developing seeds were analyzed, and the results from one are shown as representative data. Scale bar = 2 mm. Compound names are defined in Table 1.
Fig. 3 in Unique localization of jasmonic acid-related compounds in developing Phaseolus vulgaris L. (common bean) seeds revealed through desorption electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry imaging
Fig. 3. LC-ESI-MS analysis of JA-related compounds in the extracts from the radicle and seed coat of developing Phaseolus vulgaris seeds. Base peak chromatogram of m/z 277.2173 ±10 ppm for (a) radicle and (b) seed coat, m/z 291.1966 ± 10 ppm for (c) radicle and (d) seed coat, and m/z 293.2122 ± 10 ppm for (e) radicle and seed coat, respectively. Peaks with arrow indicates JA-related compounds: (a) and (b) αLA, (c) and (d) OPDA, and (e) and (f) OPC-8:0. Compound names are defined in Table 1.
Data from: Plastic transcriptomes stabilize immunity to pathogen diversity: the jasmonic acid and salicylic acid networks within the Arabidopsis/Botrytis pathosystem
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Data from: Intergenerational environmental effects: functional signals in offspring transcriptomes and metabolomes after parental jasmonic acid treatment in apomictic dandelion
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Data from: Jasmonic acid regulation of the anti-herbivory mechanism conferred by fungal endophytes in grasses
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Data from the study: Effect of experimental DNA demethylation on phytohormones production and palatability of a clonal plant after induction via jasmonic acid
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Effects of soil phosphorus, light, AMF and jasmonic acid on growth and defense of Plantago lanceolata
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Data from: The role of glucosinolates and the jasmonic acid pathway in resistance of Arabidopsis thaliana against molluskan herbivores
Although slugs and snails play important roles in terrestrial ecosystems and cause considerable damage on a variety of crop plants, knowledge about the mechanisms of plant immunity to mollusks is limited. We found slugs to be natural herbivores of Arabidopsis thaliana and therefore investigated possible resistance mechanisms of this species against several molluskan herbivores. Treating wounded leaves with the mucus residue ("slime trail") of the Spanish slug Arion lusitanicus increased wound-induced jasmonate levels, suggesting the presence of defense elicitors in the mucus. Plants deficient in jasmonate biosynthesis and signaling suffered more damage by molluskan herbivores in the laboratory and in the field, demonstrating that JA-mediated defenses protect A. thaliana against slugs and snails. Furthermore, experiments using A. thaliana mutants with altered levels of specific glucosinolate classes revealed the importance of aliphatic glucosinolates in defending leaves and reproductive structures against mollusks. The presence in mollusk feces of known and novel metabolites arising from glutathione conjugation with glucosinolate hydrolysis products suggests that molluskan herbivores actively detoxify glucosinolates. Higher levels of aliphatic glucosinolates were found in plants during the night compared to the day, which correlated well with the nocturnal activity rhythms of slugs and snails. Our data highlight the function of well-known anti-herbivore defense pathways in resistance against slugs and snails and suggest an important role for the diurnal regulation of defense metabolites against nocturnal molluskan herbivores.
Data from: Ultraviolet radiation exposure time and intensity modulate tomato resistance against herbivory through activation of the jasmonic acid signaling
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Data from: The role of glucosinolates and the jasmonic acid pathway in resistance of Arabidopsis thaliana against molluskan herbivores
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Whole genome tomato transcriptional response to jasmonic acid treatment and Tetranychus urticae herbivory [def-1]
GEO Series GSE61075. Solanum lycopersicum. 12 samples. Type: Expression profiling by array.
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