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Jingju a Cappella Recordings Collection
<p>The <strong>Jingju a Cappella Recordings Collection</strong> (<strong>JaCRC</strong>) is part of the <strong><a href="https://compmusic.upf.edu/corpora">Jingju Music Corpus</a></strong> created in the <a href="http://compmusic.upf.edu/">CompMusic project</a> at the Music Technology Group, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona (MTG). The <strong>JaCRC</strong> was created for different research tasks, mostly concerning melodic characteristics of jingju arias and pronunciation in jingju, and parts of the collection have been used in several publications. The <strong>JaCRC </strong>contains 314 recordings of jingju a cappella singing, plus 76 recordings of the jinghu accompaniment for their corresponding vocal tracks. Except for 53 of them (see CONTENT below), all of the recordings were newly created for this collection. The <strong>JaCRC </strong>also contains the manual segmentation of 217 vocal recordings and lyrics files for 156, 67 of which include annotations for start and end of each lyrics line in a related music score (see the README file). The dataset is released under a Creative Commons license (see LICENSE below).</p> <p>The content of the <strong>JaCRC</strong> was previously published in three different parts (<a href="https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.780559">part 1</a>, <a href="https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.842229">part 2</a>, <a href="https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1244732">part 3</a>). This new release puts all the data together under an unified structure in order to ease its usability.</p> <p><br> <strong>CONTENT</strong></p> <p>The main body of the <strong>JaCRC </strong>are 239 a cappella recordings of jingju arias. Among those, the main contribution of the collection are the 186 newly created a cappella recordings by professional or semi-professional actors. Some of the recordings contain incomplete arias because the performer decided to stop according to their own will. The aria is then completed in subsequent recording(s). In few occasions, the performer decided to record a second version of the same aria. Both versions are included in the collection.</p> <p>The performers for 76 of these recordings sung over a jinghu accompaniment played live in a different room. These accompaniments were also recorded and added to the <strong>JaCRC</strong>.</p> <p>To complement the collection, recordings from existing sources were also integrated to the <strong>JaCRC</strong>. 15 a cappella recordings were obtained from commercial releases by subtracting the instrumental accompaniment, published in separate tracks to be used as accompaniment by amateur singers, from the mixed track. These recordings are not included in the <strong>JaCRC </strong>for copyright issues, but can be shared for research purposes only (see CONTACT below). However, the metadata and the segmentation files for these 15 recordings have been included in the <strong>JaCRC</strong>. Besides, 53 a cappella jingju recordings from <a href="http://isophonics.net/SingingVoiceDataset">Singing Voice Audio Dataset</a> were included here with permission of their authors (see LICENSE and USE below).</p> <p>With the goal of developing technologies to aid learning of jingju singing, 75 recordings were created from amateur performers, both children and adults. These amateur performers, considered as ‘students,’ sung trying to imitate a reference model, considered as ‘teacher.’ The ‘teacher’ would be either present in the session, and their performances were also recorded, or an existing recording of the <strong>JaCRC </strong>was played as model. The 16 recordings of the teachers are part of the <strong>JaCRC </strong>and the anonymized recordings of the students are included in the <strong>JaCRC</strong>.</p> <p>All the artists recorded for the <strong>JaCRC </strong>manifested their written consent to the MTG for the public release of these recordings under Creative Common license.</p> <p>In order to be used for different research tasks, 142 recordings were manually segmented to the phrase and syllable level. Among these, 81 recordings, including those 16 ones used as ‘teacher’ recordings, were further segmented to the phoneme level. All ‘student’ recordings were also segmented to the phrase, syllable and phoneme level. These segmentations are included in the <strong>JaCRC </strong>as <a href="https://www.fon.hum.uva.nl/praat/">Praat</a> TextGrid files.</p> <p>For 156 recordings there are corresponding csv files containing the lyrics performed in the recording, one line per row. Among these, 67 csv files also contain annotations for the boundaries of each lyrics line in a related music score. The boundaries are annotated as offset according to the <a href="https://web.mit.edu/music21/">music21 toolkit</a>. The related music scores can be found in the <a href="https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1285612">Jingju Music Scores Collection</a> with the same name as the one annotated in the csv files.</p> <p><br> <strong>COVERAGE</strong></p> <p>As part of the Jingju Music Corpus, the <strong>JaCRC </strong>was gathered with the purpose of studying the most representative characteristics of jingju vocal music, and therefore the most representative instances of the main elements of jingju vocal music, that is, role type, shengqiang and banshi, are well covered in the collection. Below some statistics about the coverage of these elements in the JaCRC are given. The numbers in brackets correspond to the number of recordings that include (not always exclusively) that element and its percentage with respect to the total 254 recordings in the collection. The numbers include the 15 recordings from commercial realeases not available in the collection (see CONTENT above).</p> <p>Regarding role types, the <strong>JaCRC </strong>includes 5 different ones. The two most extensively covered ones are dan (127, 50.0%), including male dan (27) and huadan (2), and laosheng (108, 42.5%), including female laosheng (8). The other role types included in the JaCRC are jing (17, 6.7%), most of them of female jing (16), xiaosheng (1, 0.4%) and chou (1, 0.4%).</p> <p>The two main shengqiang in jingju are extensively covered in the <strong>JaCRC</strong>, namely xipi (153, 60.2%) and erhuang (62, 24.4%). Besides, other 7 shengqiang are also present in the collection, namely sipingdiao (14, 5.5%), nanbangzi (11, 4.3%), fan’erhuang (8, 3.1%), fansipingdiao (2, 0.8%), fanxipi (4, 1.6%), gaobozi (1, 0.4%), and handiao (1, 0.4%).</p> <p>As for banshi, there are instances of 18 different ones included in the <strong>JaCRC</strong>. The 7 more extensively represented banshi are yuanban (76, 29.9%), liushui (63, 24.8%), manban (46, 18.1%), erliu (40, 15.7%), sanban (34, 13.4%), yaoban (34, 13.4%), and daoban (27, 10.6%). Other banshi also included in the collection are kuaiban (17, 6.7%), huilong (8, 3.1%), sanyan (7, 2.8%), kuaisanyan (7, 2.8%), mansanyan (3, 1.2%), zhongsanyan (3, 1.2%), pengban (2, 0.8%), gunban (1, 0.4%), duoban (1, 0.4%), shuban (1, 0.4%), and kuaisanban (1, 0.4%).</p> <p>In terms of content, the <strong>JaCRC </strong>contains recordings of 142 arias from 74 different plays.</p> <p>Finally, the recordings in the <strong>JaCRC </strong>are performed by 23 artists, including 8 professional actors, 2 graduated jingju students, 3 undergraduate jingju students in their 4th year, and 10 amateur performers. In terms of role types, there are 10 laosheng performers, one of them being the one who also performs the xiaosheng and jing recordings, and another one also performing the chou recording, 8 dan, one of them also performing the huadan recordings, 3 male dan, 1 female laosheng and 1 female jing.</p> <p><br> <strong>ANNOTATIONS</strong></p> <p>All the annotation files are named in the same exact manner as its corresponding recording, so that they can be easily matched. Besides, the metadata and information csv files indicate which annotations are available for which recordings.</p> <p>There are two types of annotations: segmentation and lyrics.</p> <p>The segmentation annotations were done manually and in three phases, corresponding to the subfolders in the “JaCRC-annotations” folder numbered ‘1,’ ‘2’ and ‘3.’ All the segmentations were done using the software <a href="https://www.fon.hum.uva.nl/praat/">Praat</a> and are available in the <strong>JaCRC </strong>as TextGrid files. The phoneme annotations follow the Extended Speech Assessment Methods Phonetic Alphabet (<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/X-SAMPA">X-SAMPA</a>). Below is a description of the annotations contained in each of the subfolders:</p> <p>“1-phrase-syllable-phoneme” folder: all the recordings whose annotations are contained in this folder were segmented at least to the phrase (lyrics line), syllable and phoneme levels. Since the annotations were done for different research tasks, the TextGrid files might contain different numbers of tiers, but all of them have a tier named ‘line’ for the phrase level segmentation with lyrics line in Chinese characters as labels, a tier named ‘pinyin’ for the syllable level segmentation with syllables in the pinyin romanization system as labels, and a ‘details’ tier for phoneme segmentation and labels in X-SAMPA. In order to ease access to these annotations, tab-separated values files were generated from the TextGrid files and also included as txt files in this folder. The files that add “_phrase” to the recording’s name contain the phrase level annotations in pinyin. Those that add “_phrase_char” contain the same phrase level annotations, but in Chinese characters. Those that add “_syllable” contain the syllable level annotations in pinyin. And those that add “_phoneme” contain the phoneme level annotations in X-SAMPA.</p> <p>“2-phrase-syllable” folder: same case as in the previous folder, but without phoneme level annotations. In these TextGrid files, the phrase level annotations are still in tiers named ‘line,’ and the syllable level ones are in tiers named ‘dianSilence.’</p> <p>“3-students” folder: same case as in “1-phrase-syllable-phoneme” folder. In these TextGrid files, the phrase level annotations are still in tiers named ‘line,’ the syllable level ones are in tiers named ‘dianSilence,’ and the phoneme level ones in tiers named ‘details.’</p> <p>The lyrics annotations consist of csv files (semicolon as separator) containing the lyrics of their corresponding recordings in their original Chinese script. Each row corresponds to a lyrics line. The first three columns contain information for “Role type,” “Shengqiang” and “Banshi” (see the README file). In the fourth one, under the heading “Couplet line,” “s” (from shangju) indicates that the corresponding lyrics line is an opening line, “x” (from xiaju) indicates that it is a closing line, and “k” indicates is a kutou line. The fifth column, “Lyrics line,” contains the lyrics. If there is a matching music score in the <a href="https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1285612">Jingju Music Scores Collection</a> (JMSC) for the aria performed in the corresponding recording, the sixth column, “Matched score lyrics line,” contains the lyrics for the same as they appear in the score. The seventh column, “Score XML” contains the name of the music score file in the JMSC. Finally, the eight and ninth columns, “Start” and “End,” contain the starting and ending boundaries of the lyrics line in the score. The boundaries are given as note offsets, according to <a href="https://web.mit.edu/music21/">music21</a>. With this information, the notation of each line can be retrieved from the score.</p> <p>For a thorough description of the <strong>JaCRC</strong>, including metadata and information, naming convention and sources, please see the README file.</p> <p><br> <strong>LICENSE</strong></p> <p>All the recordings newly created for the <strong>JaCRC</strong>, that is, all of them except for those from the Singing Voice Audio Dataset, are published under a <a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode">Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License</a>.</p> <p>For the license of the recordings from the Singing Voice Audio Dataset (those whose source in the metadata and information csv files is “SVAD”), included in the JaCRC with permission of the authors, please refer to its <a href="http://isophonics.net/SingingVoiceDataset">website</a>.</p> <p><br> <strong>REFERENCING THE JaCRC</strong></p> <p>If you use the recordings of the <strong>JaCRC </strong>in your research, please reference it in your publications using the text proposed in this website in the section “Cite as.”</p> <p>If you use the recordings from the Singing Voice Audio Dataset (those whose source in the metadata and information csv files is “SVAD”), please also include the following reference in your publications:</p> <blockquote> <p>Dawn A. A. Black, Ma Li and Mi Tian. "Automatic Identification of Emotional Cues in Chinese Opera Singing", in Proc. of 13th Int. Conf. on Music Perception and Cognition and the 5th Conference for the Asian-Pacific Society for Cognitive Sciences of Music (ICMPC 13-APSC0M 5 2014), Seoul, South Korea, August 2014.</p> </blockquote> <p><br> <strong>CONTACT</strong></p> <p>For more information, or to request access to the recordings from commercial sources, that can be shared only for research purposes, please contact Rafael Caro Repetto (rafael.caro at upf.edu).</p> <p><br> <strong>ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS</strong></p> <p>We express our deepest gratitude to all the professional and amateur performers who so generously contributed with their time and their art to the <strong>JaCRC</strong>.</p> <p>The creation of the <strong>JaCRC </strong>was funded by the European Research Council under the European Union’s Seventh Framework Program (FP7/2007-2013), as part of the CompMusic project (ERC grant agreement 267583).</p>
Jingju a cappella singing dataset part1
<p>This is the 4th version of the dataset. The folder structure has been changed since the 2nd version, where the Laosheng folder has been moved directly into wav or textgrid folder.</p> <p><strong>Description:</strong></p> <p>This dataset is a collection of boundary annotations of a cappella singing performed by Beijing Opera (Jingju, 京剧) professional and amateur singers. </p> <ol> <li>wav.zip: audio files in .wav format, mono or stereo.</li> <li>wav_mono.zip: audio files in .wav format, mono</li> <li>pycode.zip: util code for parsing the .textgrid annotation</li> <li>catalogue*.csv: recording metadata, source separation recordings are not included.</li> <li>textgrid.zip: phrase, syllable and phoneme annotation in Praat .textgrid format</li> <li>annotation_txt.zip: phrase, syllable and phoneme time boundaries (second) and labels in .txt format <ol> <li>*phrase_char: phrase-level time boundaries, labeled in Mandarin characters</li> <li>*phrase: phrase-level time boundaries, labeled in Mandarin pinyin</li> <li>*syllable: syllable-level time boundaries, labeled in Mandarin pinyin</li> <li>*phoneme: phoneme-level time boundaries, labeled in X-SAMPA</li> </ol> </li> </ol> <p>The boundaries (onset and offset) have been annotated in both <strong>Praat TextGrid (textgrid.zip)</strong> and .<strong>txt (annotation_txt.zip)</strong> format hierarchically:</p> <ol> <li>phrase (line),</li> <li>syllable,</li> <li>phoneme</li> </ol> <p>Singing units in pinyin and X-SAMPA have been annotated to a jingju a cappella singing audio dataset.</p> <p>The corresponding audio files are the a cappella singing arias recordings, which are stereo or mono, sampled at 44.1 kHz, and stored as .wav files. The .wav files are recorded by two institutes: those file names ending with ‘qm’ are recorded by C4DM, Queen Mary University of London; others file names ending with ‘upf’ or ‘lon’ are recorded by MTG-UPF. Additionally, another collection of 15 clean singing recordings is included in this dataset. They are extracted from the commercial recordings which originally contains karaoke accompaniment and mixed versions.</p> <p><strong>If you use this audio dataset in your work, please cite (1) this dataset as well (2) the following publication:</strong></p> <blockquote> <p>D. A. A. Black, M. Li, and M. Tian, “Automatic Identification of Emotional Cues in Chinese Opera Singing,” in 13th Int. Conf. on Music Perception and Cognition (ICMPC-2014), 2014, pp. 250–255.</p> </blockquote> <p> </p> <p><strong>Details:</strong><br> Annotation format, units, parsing code and other information please refer to <a href="https://github.com/MTG/jingjuPhonemeAnnotation">https://github.com/MTG/jingjuPhonemeAnnotation</a></p> <p><br> <strong>License:</strong><br> Textgrid annotations are licensed under Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.</p> <p>Wav audio ending with ‘upf’ or ‘lon’ is licensed under Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International.</p> <p>For the license of .wav audio ending with ‘qm’ from C4DM Queen Mary University of London, please refer to this page <a href="http://isophonics.org/SingingVoiceDataset">http://isophonics.org/SingingVoiceDataset</a></p> <p><strong>Contact information:</strong></p> <p>Rong Gong: rong<dot>gong<at>upf<dot>edu</p> <p>Rafael Caro Repetto: rafael<dot>caro<at>upf<dot>edu</p>
Jingju a cappella singing syllable boundary and duration annotation dataset
<p>This dataset is a collection of syllable boundary annotations and syllable duration annotations of a cappella singing performed by jingju (京剧, Beijing opera) professional and amateur singers. This dataset was used as the experimental dataset in the following work:</p> <blockquote> <p>Rong Gong, Nicolas Obin, Georgi Dzhambazov and Xavier Serra, “Score-Informed syllable segmentation for jingju a cappella singing voice with Mel-frequency intensity profiles," in<em> Folk Music Analysis workshop (FMA) 2017, Málaga, Spain</em></p> </blockquote> <p><strong>Audio Content</strong></p> <p>The audio files are the a cappella singing arias recordings, which are stereo or mono, sampled at 44.1 kHz, and stored as wav files. They can be found at this link http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.344932</p> <p>The wav files are recorded by two institutes: those file names ending with ‘qm’ are recorded by C4DM Queen Mary University of London; others file names ending with ‘upf’ or ‘lon’ are recorded by MTG-UPF. If you use the dataset in your work, please cite the following publication.</p> <blockquote> <p>D. A. A. Black, M. Li, and M. Tian, “Automatic Identification of Emotional Cues in Chinese Opera Singing,” in <em>13th Int. Conf. on Music </em><em>Perception and Cognition</em> (ICMPC-2014), 2014, pp. 250–255.</p> </blockquote> <p><strong>Annotations</strong></p> <p>The syllable boundary annotation is in Textgrid format (Praat). The annotation is done in both phrase-level and syllable-level. The syllable duration annotation is in cvs format. Please consult Readme text in both folders for further details. The parsing code of the annotation files is provided in ‘pycode’ folder. </p> <p><strong>Availability of the Dataset</strong></p> <p>The annotations and codes in this dataset are licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.</p> <p><strong>Contact</strong></p> <p>If you have any questions or comments about the dataset, please feel free to write to us.</p> <p>Rong Gong: rong<dot>gong<at>upf<dot>edu</p> <p>Rafael Caro Repetto: rafael<dot>caro<at>upf<dot>edu</p>
Jingju a cappella singing pitch contour segmentation ground truth dataset
<p>The dataset used in the paper:</p> <blockquote> <p>Gong, Rong; Yang, Yile; Serra, Xavier; Pitch Contour Segmentation for Computer-aided Jingju Singing Training Sound and Music Computing (SMC 2016), 2016, Hamburg, Germany</p> </blockquote> <p>is in "dataset" folder. The a cappella singing audio recordings are not contained in this folder due to their large size, please contact the paper authors to request them (rong.gong@upf.edu). In the "dataset" folder you can find:</p> <ol> <li>ground truth</li> <li>Jinging singing scores in .xml format used for estimating the bigram note transition probabilities.</li> </ol> <p>The ground truth annotation is used for:</p> <ul> <li>melodic transcription (male_12_pos_1 missing)</li> <li>parameter optimization,</li> <li>evaluating the StdCdLe thresholding and the overall segmentation performance.</li> </ul> <p>The subfolder "groundtruth" contains the following annotation for each jingju a cappella audio:</p> <ul> <li>file name: description (format)</li> <li>*_melodicTrans.csv: melodic transcription ground truth used for the evaluation (start_time pitch duration -).</li> <li>*_coarseSeg.csv: StdCdLe ground truth used for the parameter optimization and the evaluation (segmentation points).</li> <li>*_refinedSeg.csv: ground truth used for optimizing other parameters and the evaluation (start_time - duration).</li> <li>*_pitchtrack.csv: pitch track (contour) extracted by pYIN pitch-tracking algorithm (filename time pitch).</li> <li>*_monoNoteOut.csv: notes estimated by pYIN note-tracking algorithm (filename start_time duration pitch).</li> </ul> <p> </p> <p> </p>
Jingju a cappella singing dataset part2
<p>这个京剧清唱数据库包含有120个唱段、1265个唱句。此数据库是CompMusic项目所有数据库的一个组成部分(http://compmusic.upf.edu/corpora, http://compmusic.upf.edu/datasets)。CompMusic前期所使用的另一个京剧数据库可以在这里找到(https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.344932)。我们邀请了专业和业余的京剧演员参与到录音过程当中,大部分的京剧音乐元素都被囊括在了这个数据库中。此外,它还包含有每个唱段和每个唱句的元数据,以供自动演唱评价的研究使用。</p> <p>This is a jingju (also known as Beijing or Peking opera) a cappella singing audio dataset which consists of 120 arias, accounting for 1265 melodic lines. This dataset is also an extension our existing CompMusic jingju corpora (http://compmusic.upf.edu/corpora) and dataset (http://compmusic.upf.edu/datasets), for example, Jingju a cappella singing dataset part1 (https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.344932). Both professional and amateur singers were invited to the dataset recording sessions, and the most common jingju musical elements have been covered. This dataset is also accompanied by metadata per aria and melodic line annotated for automatic singing evaluation research purpose.</p> <p> </p> <p><strong>文件 Files:</strong></p> <ol> <li>wav.zip: audio files in .wav format, mono</li> <li>metadata.zip: aria and line level metadata</li> <li>annotation_version2.zip: line and syllable time boundaries and labels annotations, in Praat .textgrid format</li> <li>annotation_txt.zip: line and syllable time boundaries and labels annotations, in .txt format <ol> <li>*phrase_char: phrase-level time boundaries, labeled in Mandarin characters</li> <li>*phrase: phrase-level time boundaries, labeled in Mandarin pinyin</li> <li>*syllable: syllable-level time boundaries, labeled in Mandarin pinyin</li> </ol> </li> </ol> <p> </p> <p><strong>艺术家 Artists:</strong></p> <p>我们邀请了5位专业的京剧演员(中国戏曲学院,他们都有丰富的舞台表演和教学经验)和4位非艺术类高校京剧社团的业余京剧演员。</p> <p>We invited 5 professional singers from NACTA (National Academy of Chinese Theatre Arts, all of them have rich experience in stage performance and teaching) and another 4 amateur singers from jingju associations in non-art schools to the recording sessions. </p> <p> </p> <p><strong>伴奏 Accompaniment:</strong></p> <p>7位演员(3位专业和4位业余)跟随商业录音伴奏;另外2位专业演员由专业京胡乐手伴奏(中国戏曲学院)。</p> <p>7 singers (3 professional and 4 amateurs) were singing along with the accompaniment of commercial audio recordings; other 2 professional singers were accompanied by 2 professional <em>jinghu</em> players (NACTA).</p> <p><strong>数据库的覆盖性,完整性,质量和重复利用性 Coverage, completeness, </strong><strong>quality</strong><strong> and reusability:</strong></p> <ol> <li><em><strong>覆盖性: </strong></em>数据库包含三个主要的京剧行当 - 老生、旦和净;两个主要声腔 - 西皮和二黄,和一些附属声腔,比如四平调、南梆子;包含所有的有节拍的板式 - 原版、慢板、快板、二六、流水、三眼和他们的变化板式。<strong><em>Coverage</em></strong>: The dataset includes the three main role-types -<em> </em><em>laosheng</em><em>, dan</em> and<em> jing</em>; two main <em>shengqiang</em> - <em>xipi</em> and <em>erhuang</em>, and a few auxiliary ones, such as <em>sipingdiao</em><em>, </em><em>nanbangzi</em><em>;</em> the whole range of metered <em>banshi</em> - <em>yuanban</em><em>, </em><em>manban</em><em>, </em><em>kuaiban</em><em>, </em><em>erliu</em><em>, </em><em>liushui</em><em>, </em><em>sanyan</em> and its three variations.</li> <li><em><strong>完整性: </strong></em>数据库包含有录音和唱句层级的元数据,由Excel spreadsheet格式保存。对于录音层级,元数据包括唱段名、行当、声腔、板式、是否由京胡伴奏。对于唱句层级,每一句都包含行当、声腔、板式、上下句、唱词和所匹配的MusicXML曲谱(有需要曲谱请联系作者)。<strong><em>Completeness</em></strong>: The dataset contains the metadata of the recordings and annotations both at the recording and the line level, organized in separate spreadsheets. For the recordings, the metadata contains the title of the work in Chinese, role-type, <em>shengqiang</em><em>, </em><em>banshi</em>, whether it contains jinghu accompaniment. As for the lines, each of them is annotated with the role-type, <em>shengqiang</em><em>, </em><em>banshi</em><em>,</em> line type, that is, opening or closing, the lyrics for the whole line and the related score in the score collection (available on request).</li> <li><em><strong>质量: </strong></em>一小部分的录音带有中等程度的房间混响和轻微的背景噪声。其余的录音质量都很好。<strong><em>Quality</em></strong>: A small number of the recordings contain medium room reverberation and minor background noise. However, apart from those, the other recordings are dry, clean and of good quality.</li> <li><em><strong>重复利用性: </strong></em>所有数据库音频和元数据都由Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International方式授权。<strong><em>Reusability</em></strong>: All the audio and metadata files in this dataset are licensed under Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International.</li> </ol> <p> </p> <p><strong>标注 Annotation:</strong></p> <p>数据库包含一部分录音的唱句起始位置和音节起始位置标注,标注格式为Praat TextGrid。唱句标注包含有每一唱句的歌词,此歌词从曲谱提取,并不与实际演唱一致;音节标注包含拼音,经过作者修正,试图与演唱发音一致。标注的统计如下:</p> <ul> <li>老生唱句数量,音节数量,音节平均时长 (秒),音节时长标准差 (秒): 405, 3941, 1.32, 2.15</li> <li>旦唱句数量, 音节数量, 音节平均时长 (秒), 音节时长标准差 (秒): 467, 4394, 1.63, 3.25</li> <li>总体唱句数量, 音节数量, 音节平均时长 (秒), 音节时长标准差 (秒): 872, 8335, 1.48, 2.79</li> </ul> <p>The dataset contains the line and syllable boundary annotation for a part of recordings, in Praat TextGrid format. The line annotation contains the lyrics for each line, which is extracted from the score, and might not coherent with the actual singing; the syllable annotation contains pinyin, corrected by the author to be coherent with the actual singing. The statistics of the annotation are:</p> <ul> <li><em>laosheng</em> num. of lines, num. of syllables, average syllable duration (s), standard deviation (s): 405, 3941, 1.32, 2.15</li> <li><em>dan</em> num. of lines, num. of syllables, average syllable duration (s), standard deviation (s): 467, 4394, 1.63, 3.25</li> <li>Overall num. of lines, num. of lines, num. of syllables, average syllable duration (s), standard deviation (s): 872, 8335, 1.48, 2.79</li> </ul> <p> </p> <p><strong>引用 Citation:</strong></p> <p>如需更多信息,请参考下面论文;如果您在工作中使用该数据库,请引用下面论文:</p> <p>For more information, please refer the following publication and If you use this dataset in your work, please cite the following publication:</p> <blockquote> <p>Rong Gong, Rafael Caro Repetto, Xavier Serra, “Creating an A Cappella Singing Audio Dataset for Automatic Jingju Singing Evaluation Research,” in 4th International Digital Libraries for Musicology workshop (DLfM 2017), Shanghai, China.</p> </blockquote> <p> </p> <p><strong>协议 License:</strong></p> <p><a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/">Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0</a></p> <p> </p> <p><strong>联系方式 Contact information</strong>:</p> <p><em>如果任何问题,请联系作者 </em><em>If you have any question, please contact the authors:</em></p> <p>龚嵘 Rong Gong: Email - rong<dot>gong<at>upf<dot>edu, Wechat id - gongr86</p> <p>贵云飞 Rafael Caro Repetto: Email - rafael<dot>caro<at>upf<dot>edu </p> <p> </p> <p><em>如果您想联系京剧演员 If you want to contact the jingju</em><em> singers:</em></p> <p>廖佳尼 Jiani Liao: Wechat id - v1307624197</p> <p>邵雅昆 Yakun Shao: Wechat id - S_yakun-</p> <p> </p> <p><em>或京胡乐手 Or jinghu</em><em> players:</em></p> <p>张蓝天 Lantian Zhang: Wechat id - tian576632395</p>
Jingju Phoneme Classification Features for EUSIPCO 2017 paper
<p>This dataset contains the pre-computed Mel-bands features from the training part of </p> <blockquote> <p>Rong Gong, Rafael Caro Repetto, & Yile Yang. (2017). Jingju a cappella singing dataset part1 [Data set]. Zenodo. http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.344932</p> </blockquote> <p>This dataset is used for reproducing the singing voice phoneme classification experiment described in the following paper:</p> <blockquote> <p>Timbre Analysis of Music Audio Signals with Convolutional Neural Networks </p> </blockquote> <p>For the usage and code, please refer to https://github.com/ronggong/EUSIPCO2017 </p>
Jingju a cappella singing dataset part3
<p>这是京剧清唱数据库的第三部分。这个部分集中于音乐教育的应用。对每个唱段,我们采集了老师和学生的录音。</p> <p>This is the 3rd part of the jingju a cappella singing dataset. This part focus on the music education application. For this purpose, we collected both "teacher" and "students" recordings for each aria.</p> <p><strong>文件 Files:</strong></p> <ol> <li>wav_left.zip: audio files in .wav format, mono</li> <li>textgrid.zip: line, syllable and phoneme time boundaries and labels, in Praat .textgrid format</li> <li>annotation_txt.zip: line, syllable and phoneme time boundaries and labels, in .txt format <ol> <li>*phrase_char: phrase-level time boundaries, labeled in Mandarin characters</li> <li>*phrase: phrase-level time boundaries, labeled in Mandarin pinyin</li> <li>*syllable: syllable-level time boundaries, labeled in Mandarin pinyin</li> <li>*phoneme: phoneme-level time boundaries, labeled in X-SAMPA</li> </ol> </li> <li>arias.ods: spreadsheet containing the detailed information of each recording -- role-type, shengqiang, banshi, singer and melodic line, syllable, phoneme numbers.</li> </ol> <p> </p> <p><strong>艺术家 Artists:</strong></p> <p>示范录音取自3位年轻的专业京剧演员。学生录音取自几位非专业小学生和非艺术类大学的学生。</p> <p>Teacher recordings are recorded by 3 professional young jingju performers. Student recordings are performed by several non-jingju professional primary school students and some non-art university students. </p> <p> </p> <p><strong>标注 Annotation:</strong></p> <p>数据库包含一部分录音的唱句起始位置和音节起始位置标注,标注格式为Praat TextGrid。唱句标注包含有每一唱句的歌词,此歌词从曲谱提取,并不与实际演唱一致;音节标注包含拼音,音素标注为X-SAMPA,经过作者修正,试图与演唱发音一致。</p> <p>The dataset contains the line and syllable boundary annotation for a part of recordings, in Praat TextGrid format. The line annotation contains the lyrics for each line, which is extracted from the score, and might not coherent with the actual singing; the syllable annotation contains pinyin, phoneme annotation uses X-SAMPA, corrected by the author to be coherent with the actual singing.</p> <p>标注X-SAMPA格式和其他信息可以参考以下链接:</p> <p>Annotation format, units, parsing code and other information please refer to:</p> <p><a href="https://github.com/MTG/jingjuPhonemeAnnotation">https://github.com/MTG/jingjuPhonemeAnnotation</a></p> <p> </p> <p><strong>协议 License:</strong></p> <p><a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/">Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0</a></p> <p> </p> <p><strong>联系方式 Contact information</strong>:</p> <p><em>如果任何问题,请联系作者 </em><em>If you have any question, please contact the author:</em></p> <p>龚嵘 Rong Gong: Email - rong<dot>gong<at>upf<dot>edu, Wechat id - gongr86</p>
Annotated jingju arias dataset
<p>The Annotated Jingju Arias Dataset is a collection of 34 jingju arias manually segmented in various levels using the software <a href="http://www.fon.hum.uva.nl/praat/">Praat v5.3.53</a>. The selected arias contain samples of the two main <em>shengqiang</em> in jingju, name <em>xipi</em> and <em>erhuang</em>, and the five main role types in terms of singing, namely, <em>dan</em>, <em>jing</em>, <em>laodan</em>, <em>laosheng</em> and <em>xiaosheng</em>.</p> <p>The dataset includes a Praat TextGrid file for each aria with the following tiers (all the annotations are in Chinese):</p> <ol> <li><strong>aria</strong>: name of the work (one segment for the whole aria)</li> <li><strong>MBID</strong>: MusicBrainz ID of the audioi recording (one segment for the whole aria)</li> <li><strong>artist</strong>: name of the singing performer (one segment for the whole aria)</li> <li><strong>school</strong>: related performing school (one segment for the whole aria)</li> <li><strong>role-type</strong>: role type of the singing character (one segment for the whole aria)</li> <li><strong><em>shengqiang</em></strong>: boundaries and label of the <em>shengqiang</em> performed in the aria (including accompaniment)</li> <li><strong><em>banshi</em></strong>: boundaries and label of the <em>banshi</em> performed in the aria (including accompaniment)</li> <li><strong>lyrics-lines</strong>: boundaries and annotation of each line of lyrics</li> <li><strong>lyrics-syllables</strong>: boundaries and annotation of each syllable</li> <li><strong>luogu</strong>: boundaries and label of each of the performed percussion patterns in the aria</li> </ol> <p>The <strong>ariasInfo.txt</strong> file contains a summary of the contents per aira of the whole dataset.</p> <p>A subset of this dataset comprising 20 arias has been used for the study of the relationship between linguistic tones and melody in the following papers:</p> <blockquote> <p>Shuo Zhang, Rafael Caro Repetto, and Xavier Serra (2014) “<a href="http://mtg.upf.edu/node/3018">Study of the Similarity between Linguistic Tones and Melodic Pitch Contours in Beijing Opera Singing</a>.” In <em>Proceedings of the 15</em><sup><em>th</em></sup><em> International Society for Music Information Retrieval Conference</em> (ISMIR 2014), Taipei, Taiwan, October 27–31, pp. 343–348.</p> </blockquote> <blockquote> <p>______ (2015) “<a href="http://mtg.upf.edu/node/3322">Predicting Pairwise Pitch Contour Relations Based on Linguistic Tone Information in Beijing Opera Singing</a>.” In <em>Proceedings of the 1</em><em>6</em><sup><em>th</em></sup><em> International Society for Music Information Retrieval Conference</em> (ISMIR 2015), Málaga, Spain, October 26–30, pp. 107–113.</p> </blockquote> <p><a href="http://compmusic.upf.edu/system/files/static_files/Tone-melody_subset.csv">Here</a> is the list of the arias from the dataset used in these papers.</p> <p>The whole dataset has been used for the automatic analysis of the structure of jingju arias and their automatic segmentation in the following master's thesis:</p> <blockquote> <p>Yile Yang (2016) <a href="http://mtg.upf.edu/node/3634"><em>Structure Analysis of Beijing Opera Arias</em></a>. Master’s thesis, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona.</p> </blockquote> <p><strong>Using this dataset</strong></p> <p>If you use this dataset in a publication, please cite the above publications.</p> <p>We are interested in knowing if you find our datasets useful! If you use our dataset please email us at <a href="mailto:mtg-info@upf.edu">mtg-info@upf.edu</a> and tell us about your research.</p> <p><strong>Contact</strong></p> <p>The audio recordings used for these annotations are available for research purposes. Please contact Rafael Caro Repetto</p> <p><a href="mailto:rafael.caro@upf.edu">rafael.caro@upf.edu</a></p> <p> </p> <p><a href="http://compmusic.upf.edu/node/349">http://compmusic.upf.edu/node/349</a></p>
Jingju (Beijing opera) "Remorse at death" multi-camera teaching and performing videos
<p>此文件包含梅派京剧曲目《生死恨》多视角教学、演出视频,由中国戏曲学院摄制。 本素材属于由中国戏曲学院张晶老师负责的北京市社会科学基金研究基地项目 -- 《梅派唱腔的音视频与电脑辅助教学研究》(项目号 16JDYTA016)成果的一部分。Music Technology Group, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona作为项目参与方负责讲此视频素材封装在iOS app中。</p> <p>This file contains the multi-camera teaching and performing videos of Mei school jingju (Beijing opera) play "Remorse at death", shot and edited by National Academy of Chinese Theatre Arts (NACTA). These video materials are a part of the outcome of the Beijing City Social Science Foundation project -- "Audio-Visual and computer-aided research on Mei school singing teaching" (Num. 16JDYTA016), directed by professor ZHANG Jin in NACTA. As a collaborator, Music Technology Group, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona is in charge of encapsulating these videos materials into an iOS app.</p>
Jingju a cappella singing voice test dataset for "An efficient deep learning model for musical onset detection"
<p>Jingju a cappella singing voice test dataset used in the paper "An efficient deep learning model for musical onset detection".</p> <p>Arxiv paper link: <a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/1806.06773">https://arxiv.org/abs/1806.06773</a></p> <p>Supplementary information and code for the paper: <a href="https://github.com/ronggong/musical-onset-efficient">https://github.com/ronggong/musical-onset-efficient</a></p> <p><strong>Content:</strong></p> <ol> <li>ismir_2018_dataset_for_reviewing.zip: audio, syllable boundary and label annotation</li> <li>jingju dataset train test split filenames.xlsx: train and test split filename list</li> </ol> <p><strong>Citation:</strong></p> <pre>@article{gong2018towards, title={Towards an efficient deep learning model for musical onset detection}, author={Gong, Rong and Serra, Xavier}, journal={arXiv preprint arXiv:1806.06773}, year={2018} } </pre> <p><strong>Contact:</strong></p> <p>Rong Gong: rong.gong<at>upf.edu</p>
Jingju Lyrics Datasets
<p>In order to study the expressive functions of jingju metrical patterns according to its lyrics, a series of different datasets have been created from the <a href="https://github.com/MTG/Jingju-Lyrics-Collection">Jingju Lyrics Collection</a>, that has been collected through scraping the online repository of jingju libretti <a href="http://www.xikao.com/"><em>Zhongguo jingju xikao</em> 中国京剧戏考</a>. These datasets have been created for the analysis of lyrics of the <em>banshi yuanban</em>, <em>manban</em>, <em>kuaiban </em>and <em>yaoban </em>both in the <em>shengqiang xipi </em>and <em>erhuang </em>(<em>kuaiban </em>is not used in <em>erhuang</em>) by applying NLP techniques, namely topic modelling and document classification.</p> <p><strong>Using this dataset</strong></p> <p>We are interested in knowing if you find our datasets useful! If you use our dataset please email us at <a href="mailto:mtg-info@upf.edu">mtg-info@upf.edu</a> and tell us about your research.</p> <p><a href="http://compmusic.upf.edu/jingju-lyrics-datasets">http://compmusic.upf.edu/jingju-lyrics-datasets</a></p>
Jingju Music Scores Collection
<p>The <strong>Jingju Music Scores Collection</strong> (<strong>JMSC</strong>) is part of the <a href="http://compmusic.upf.edu/corpora"><strong>Jingju Music Corpus</strong></a> created in the <a href="http://compmusic.upf.edu/"><strong>CompMusic </strong>project</a>. Created with the purpose of the melodic research of jingju singing lines, it contains <strong>108 MusicXML</strong>scores, covering <strong>1084 melodic lines</strong>. In terms of the jingju musical system, it covers the following elements:</p> <ul> <li><strong>role type</strong>: <em>laosheng</em>, <em>dan</em>, <em>laodan</em></li> <li><strong><em>shengqiang</em></strong>: <em>erhuang</em>, <em>xipi</em>, <em>nanbangzi</em>, <em>sipingdiao</em></li> <li><strong><em>banshi</em></strong>: <em>manban</em>, <em>sanyan</em>, <em>zhongsanyan</em>, <em>kuaisanyan</em>, <em>yuanban</em>, <em>erliu</em>, <em>kuai'erliu</em>, <em>liushui</em>, <em>kuaiban</em></li> </ul> <p>The provided README.md file contains details about the content of the <strong>JMSC</strong> in terms of scores, and in terms of lines.</p> <p>The scores are sourced from printed editions and created with <a href="https://musescore.org/">MuseScore 2.1.0</a>, including the lyrics. The original <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Numbered_musical_notation"><em>jianpu</em> notation</a> is transnotated into staff notation. All the scores contain a separated staff for the accompaniment (jinghu) line.</p> <p>Content of the <strong>JMSC</strong></p> <p>The <strong>JMSC</strong> contains the following three folders:</p> <ul> <li>The <code>MusicXML</code> folder contains the MusicXML scores and the <code>scores_data.csv</code> and <code>lines_data.csv</code> files containing metadata and annotations.</li> <li>The <code>MuseScore</code> folder contains the scores created with MusicScore in its original format, from which the MusicXML scores were exported.</li> </ul> <p>Annotations and metadata</p> <p>The <code>MusicXML</code> folder of the <strong>JMSC</strong> contains the following two files with annotations and metadata.</p> <ul> <li>The <code>scores_data.csv</code> file contains metadata and annotations for each score. The included information consists of the following data: title of the aria (in Chinese), role type, <em>shengqiang</em>, <em>banshi</em>, 'yes' or 'no' the original score contained a separated line for the accompaniment, the reference to the printed source, and the MusicBrainz ID of related recordings.</li> <li>The <code>lines_data.csv</code> file contains annotations for each line in the <strong>JMSC</strong>. The included information consists of the following data: role type, <em>shengqiang</em>, <em>banshi</em>, line type, lyrics of the line, starting offset of the line, ending offset of the line, linguistic tones, lyrics of the first line section, starting offset of the first line section, ending offset of the first line section, lyrics of the second line section, starting offset of the second line section, ending offset of the second line section, lyrics of the third line section, starting offset of the third line section, and ending offset of the third line section. Regarding line types, 's' stands for opening line in <em>xipi</em>, 's1' for the long opening line type, and 's2' for the short opening line type in <em>erhuang</em>, and 'x' for closing line.</li> </ul> <p>Using the <strong>JMSC</strong></p> <p>Since the scores are sourced from copyrighted printed editions, they can be only shared for non commercial research purposes (see below). The metadata and annotations files are released under a <a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/">Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)</a> license.</p> <p>Different datasets from the <strong>JMSC</strong> have been used in the following publications:</p> <blockquote> <p>Gong, Rong, Nicolas Obin, Georgi Dzhambazov, and Xavier Serra (2017) "Score-informed syllable segmentation for jingju a cappella singing voice with mel-frequency intensity profiles." In <em>Proceedings of the 7th International Workshop on Folk Music Analysis</em> (FMA 2017), Málaga, Spain, June 14–16, pp. 107–113. <a href="https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.556820">https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.556820</a></p> </blockquote> <blockquote> <p>Gong, Rong, Jordi Pons and Xavier Serra (2017) "Audio to Score Matching by Combining Phonetic and Duration Information." In <em>Proceedings of the 18th International Society for Music Information Retrieval Conference</em> (ISMIR 2017), Suzhou, China, October 23–27, 428–434. <a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/1707.03547">https://arxiv.org/abs/1707.03547</a></p> </blockquote> <blockquote> <p>Gong, Rong, and Xavier Serra (2018) "Singing voice phoneme segmentation by hierarchically inferring syllable and phoneme onset positions." In <em>Interspeech 2018</em>, Hyderabad, India, September 2–6, 716–720. <a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/1806.01665">https://arxiv.org/abs/1806.01665</a></p> </blockquote> <blockquote> <p>Caro Repetto, Rafael (2018) <em>The musical dimension of Chinese traditional theatre: An analysis from computer aided musicology</em>. PhD thesis, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain. <a href="http://hdl.handle.net/10803/665357">http://hdl.handle.net/10803/665357</a></p> </blockquote> <p>Contact</p> <p>For any questions or comments about the <strong>JMSC</strong>, please contact<br> Rafael Caro Repetto<br> (rafael.caro@upf.edu)</p> <p>Acknowledgements</p> <p>The creation of the <strong>JMSC</strong> is funded by the European Research Council under the European Union’s Seventh Framework Program (FP7/2007-2013), as part of the CompMusic project (ERC grant agreement 267583).</p>
Jingju Audio Recordings Collection
<p>The <strong>Jingju Audio Recordings Collection</strong> (<strong>JARC</strong>) is part of the <a href="http://compmusic.upf.edu/corpora"><strong>Jingju Music Corpus</strong></a> created in the <a href="http://compmusic.upf.edu/"><strong>CompMusic</strong> project</a>. It is formed by 91 commercial CDs. The purpose of the <strong>JARC</strong> is the computational research of singing melody in jingju arias from the traditional repertoire (传统戏). Therefore, the <strong>JARC</strong> is comprised of CDs consisting of aria compilations (excluding recordings of full plays or of arias from modern plays (现代戏). In order to apply computational techniques, the CDs were selected with the required recording quality. Therefore, the <strong>JARC</strong> contains releases from the 1980s onwards.</p> <p><strong>Content of the JARC</strong></p> <p>The <strong>JARC</strong> is comprised by the ripped tracks of the 91 realeases in FLAC format. Each release is accompanied by a <code>Cover Art</code> folder including scanned copies of its cover art. All the corresponding editorial metadata are available in the MusicBrainz collection <a href="https://musicbrainz.org/collection/40d0978b-0796-4734-9fd4-2b3ebe0f664c"><strong>Dunya Jingju</strong></a> in its original Chinese script. In order to ease non Chinese speakers browsing the collection, all releases have a pseudo-release including the romanized version of the release's and each recording's titles using the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pinyin">Hanyu Pinyin system</a>. The romanized version of the artist's name can be obtained from the MusicBrainz field 'sort name.' Romanizations of the related works are available as aliases. Consequently releases, recordings, artists and works can be searched both in Chinese and Latin scripts. The editorial metadata stored in MusicBrainz, including the front image from the cover art, are used to tag the FLAC files using <a href="https://picard.musicbrainz.org/">MusicBrainz Picard</a>.</p> <p>Since the purpose of the <strong>JARC</strong> is the research of jingju singing melody, all recordings are tagged with their corresponding <em>shengqiang</em> and <em>banshi</em>, and all artists are tagged with their corresponding role type. When the release makes it clearly explicit, artists are also tagged with their corresponding school (流派).</p> <p>In order to give an overview of the <strong>JARC</strong>'s coverage, the following numbers summarize some of its content:</p> <ul> <li>It comprises <strong>91 releases</strong>, covering <strong>1687 recordings</strong>, which account for more than <strong>154 hours</strong> of music.</li> <li>It contains <strong>95 performers</strong> (considering only actors and actresses, not instrumentalists), covering the most representative role types in terms of singing: <ul> <li><strong><em>dan</em></strong>: 34 artists, 634 recordings</li> <li><strong><em>laosheng</em></strong>: 25 artists, 562 recordings</li> <li><strong><em>laodan</em></strong>: 11 artists, 262 recordings</li> <li><strong><em>xiaosheng</em></strong>: 10 artists, 71 recordings</li> <li><strong><em>jing</em></strong>: 8 artists, 138 recordings</li> </ul> </li> <li>It presents a wide coverage of the two more representative <em>shengqiang</em> in jingju, namely <em>erhuang</em> (612 recordings) and <em>xipi</em> (811 recordings), and it also covers others such as <em>fan'erhuang</em> (123 recordings), <em>fanxipi</em> (29 recordings), <em>sipingdiao</em> (64 recordings), <em>nanbangzi</em> (60 recordings), <em>gaobozi</em> (9 recordings) and others.</li> <li>It comprises the recording of 792 jingju arias from 299 different plays.</li> </ul> <p><strong>Using the JARC</strong></p> <p>Since the <strong>JARC</strong> is sourced from copyrighted releases, it can only be shared for non commercial research purposes (see the form below).</p> <p>For referencing the <strong>JARC</strong>, and obtaining a more detailed description of it, please refer to</p> <blockquote> <p>Caro Repetto, Rafael (2018) <em>The musical dimension of Chinese traditional theatre: An analysis from computer aided musicology</em>. PhD thesis, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain.</p> </blockquote> <p><strong>Acknowledgements</strong></p> <p>The creation of the <strong>JARC</strong> is funded by the European Research Council under the European Union’s Seventh Framework Program (FP7/2007-2013), as part of the CompMusic project (ERC grant agreement 267583).</p>
Jingju Multi-Track Recordings Collection
<p>The<strong> Jingju Multi-Track Recordings Collection (JMTRC)</strong> is part of the <a href="http://compmusic.upf.edu/corpora"><strong>Jingju Music Corpus</strong></a>. Created with the purpose of the voacal source separation research of jingju music, it contains <strong>45 famous Jingju</strong> aria recordings and the <strong>isolated track recordings</strong> that constitute these mixture recordings. The total duration of JMTRC is <strong>245 min 21 s</strong>.</p> <ul> <li><strong>role type</strong>: <em>qingyi</em>, <em>huadan</em>, <em>laodan</em>, <em>laosheng</em>,<em> hualian</em></li> <li><strong><em>shengqiang</em></strong>: <em>xipi</em>, <em>erhuang</em>, <em>nanbangzi, sipingdiao</em>,<em> fansipingdiao</em>, <em>fanerhuang</em></li> <li><strong><em>banshi</em></strong>: <em>erliu</em>, <em>sanban</em>, <em>huidiao sanyan</em>, <em>manban</em>, <em>yaoban</em>, <em>yuanban</em>, <em>liushui</em>, <em>duoban</em>, <em>kuaisanyan</em>, <em>huilong</em>, <em>, fanerhuang, daoban</em>, <em>kuaiban</em>, <em>mansanyan</em>, <em>yaoban</em>, <em>pengban</em></li> <li><strong>instrument</strong>: <em>jinghu</em>, <em>jingerhu</em>, <em>yueqin</em>, <em>daruan</em>, <em>zhongruan</em>,<em> sanxian</em>, percussion</li> </ul>
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