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13 results for “kin competition”
Datasets for "Intraspecific interactions in the annual legume Medicago minima are shaped by both genetic variation for competitive ability and reduced competition among kin"
<p>Datasets for “Intraspecific interactions in the annual legume <em>Medicago minima</em> are shaped by both genetic variation for competitive ability and reduced competition among kin”</p> <p>Two datasets are provided.</p> <p>root_behavior_experiment_for_ms.csv: provides data relative to a root behaviour experiment where <em>Medicago minima</em> genotypes grew either with a kin or a non kin. Direction of root growth, root length and biomass were measured.</p> <p>Medicago_minima_biomass_dataMerge.csv: provides data relative to a minicommunity experiment where <em>Medicago minima </em>genotypes were grown surrounded by three kin genotypes, or three non-kin genotypes (i.e. stranger to the central plant but identical to each other) or three stranger genotypes (stranger to the central plant and to each other). For this second experiment above-ground growth and biomass were monitored.</p> <p>Detailed information on the dataset variables are provided in the metadata file.</p> <p>Code for data wrangling and analyses is included in the manuscript as an appendix.</p>
Pivotal role of O-antigenic polysaccharide display in the sensitivity against phage tail-like particles in environmental Pseudomonas kin competition
<p>Environmental pseudomonads<i> </i>colonize various niches including insect and plant environments. When invading these environments, bacteria are confronted with the resident microbiota. To cope with closely related strains they deploy narrow-spectrum weaponry such as tailocins, <i>i.e</i> phage tail-like particles. Little is known about the receptors for these tailocins especially among phylogenetically closely related species. Here, we studied the interaction between an R-tailocin from <i>Pseudomonas protegens </i>CHA0 and a targeted kin, <i>Pseudomonas protegens </i>Pf-5. Using genome-wide transposon insertion sequencing, we identified that lipopolysaccharides are involved in the sensitivity of Pf-5 towards the tailocin of CHA0. By generating Pf-5 lipopolysaccharide mutants and exposing them to extracted tailocin, we specified the two O-antigenic polysaccharides (O-PS) targeted by the tailocin. We affirmed the role of these O-PS through competition assays<i> in vitro </i>as well as in insects. Further, we demonstrate that O-PS are double-edge swords that are responsible for the sensitivity of <i>P. protegens</i> towards phage tail-like particles produced by their kin, but shield bacteria from the immune system of the insect. Our results shed light on the trade-off that bacteria are confronted with, where specific O-PS decorations can both be of benefit or disadvantage depending on the host environment and its bacterial inhabitants.</p>
Pivotal role of O-antigenic polysaccharide display in the sensitivity against phage tail-like particles in environmental Pseudomonas kin competition
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Data from: Increased levels of perceived competition decrease juvenile kin-shoaling preferences in a cichlid fish
<p>Inclusive fitness theory predicts that individuals can increase their indirect fitness by grouping with kin. However, kin-grouping also increases competition between kin, which potentially outweighs its benefits. The level of kin-competition is contingent on environmental conditions and thus highly variable. Hence, individuals should benefit from plastically adjusting kin-discrimination according to the expected level of kin competition. Here, we investigate whether perceived high competition affects juvenile kin-shoaling preferences in the cichlid <i>Pelvicachromis taeniatus.</i> Juveniles were given the choice between two shoals consisting of either kin or non-kin. Levels of perceived competition were manipulated through food limitation in the face of the differential energy expenditure of differently sized fish. The preference to shoal with kin decreased with increasing levels of perceived competition; small food-deprived individuals avoided kin. Shoaling with kin under strong competition may reduce individual indirect fitness. Hence, individuals can likely improve their inclusive fitness by plastically adjusting their kin-grouping preferences.</p>
Data from: Competition decreases with relatedness and lek size in mole crickets: a role for kin selection?
Twenty years ago, Kokko & Lindstrom (1996) introduced the hypothesis that kin selection may drive the evolution of leks, shifting the lek-paradigm away from a competitive framework and spurring research on the relatedness of males on leks. However, support for Kokko & Lindstrom's kin selection hypothesis has been sparse; most studies have shown related males to occur on leks no more than expected by chance. Additionally, evidence supporting the proposed mechanism is mixed; by joining a lek males do not always increase the female visitation rate on a per-capita basis. The prairie mole cricket Gryllotalpa major is a lekking cricket in which male relatives advertise in close proximity. We reject the Kokko-Lindstrom hypothesis for this species because G. major females do not preferentially visit larger leks. Interestingly, more females visited smaller leks, where the presence of larger, more highly related males suggest reduced levels of local competition. Although the mechanism continues to be explored, these results provide an alternative inclusive fitness scenario to consider for lekking species – the existence of kin benefits between related neighbors rather than spread across the lek as a whole.
Data from: Intra-sexual selection: kin competition increases male-male territorial aggression in a monogamous cichlid fish
<p>During intrasexual competition, individuals of the same sex compete for access to breeding sites and mating partners, often accompanied by aggressive behavior. Kin selection theory predicts different kin directed social interactions ranging from cooperation to aggression depending on the context and the resource in question. Kin competition reducing indirect fitness might be avoided by actively expelling relatives from territories and by showing higher aggression against kin. The West-African cichlid <i>Pelvicachromis taeniatus</i> is a monogamous cave breeder with males occupying and defending breeding sites against rivals. This species is capable of kin recognition and shows kin-preference during juvenile shoaling and mate choice. However, sub-adults of <i>P. taeniatus</i> seem to avoid the proximity of same-sex kin. In the present study, we examined territorial aggression of territory holders against intruding related and unrelated males as well as intruder's behavior. We observed higher aggression among related competitors suggesting that related males are less tolerated as neighbors. Avoidance of intra-sexual competition with relatives might increase indirect fitness of males in monogamous species.</p>
Data from: Increased levels of perceived competition decrease juvenile kin-shoaling preferences in a cichlid fish
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Data from: Competition decreases with relatedness and lek size in mole crickets: a role for kin selection?
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Data from: Intra-sexual selection: kin competition increases male-male territorial aggression in a monogamous cichlid fish
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Data from: Kind to kin: weak interference competition among white stork (Ciconia ciconia) broodmates
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Data from: Sibling rivalry vs mother's curse: can kin competition facilitate a response to selection on male mitochondria?
<p>Assuming that fathers never transmit mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) to their offspring, mitochondrial mutations that affect male fitness are invisible to direct selection on males, leading to an accumulation of male-harming alleles in the mitochondrial genome (mother's curse). However, male phenotypes encoded by mtDNA can still undergo adaptation via kin selection provided that males interact with females carrying related mtDNA, such as their sisters. Here, using experiments with <i>Drosophila melanogaster</i> carrying standardised nuclear DNA but distinct mitochondrial DNA, we test whether the mitochondrial haplotype carried by interacting pairs of larvae affects survival to adulthood, as well as the fitness of the adults. Although mtDNA had no detectable direct or indirect genetic effect on larva-to-adult survival, the fitness of male and female adults was significantly affected by their own mtDNA and the mtDNA carried by their social partner in the larval stage. Thus, mtDNA mutations that alter the effect of male larvae on nearby female larvae (which often carry the same mutation, due to kinship) could theoretically respond to kin selection. We discuss the implications of our findings for the evolution of mitochondria and other maternally inherited endosymbionts.</p>
Data from: Sibling rivalry vs mother’s curse: can kin competition facilitate a response to selection on male mitochondria?
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Kin competition accelerates experimental range expansion in an arthropod herbivore
GEO Series GSE105408. Tetranychus urticae. 11 samples. Type: Expression profiling by array.
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