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96 results for “kleptoparasitism”
Figure 13 in Description, molecular phylogeny, and natural history of a new kleptoparasitic species of gelechiid moth (Lepidoptera) associated with Melastomataceae galls in Brazil
Figure 13. Seasonal abundance of cecidogenous (Palaeomystella fernandesi, dashed line) and kleptoparasite (Locharcha opportuna, solid line) larvae in galls (total = 164 and 169 individuals, respectively) induced on Tibouchina sellowiana plants at CPCN Pró-Mata, from April 2012 through June 2013. Arabic numbers from 1 to 14 represent 30-day sampling intervals. Upper horizontal bars indicate host plant phenological phases: red, flowering; green, fruiting; blue, dormancy; black, forming new shoots.
Figure 7 in Description, molecular phylogeny, and natural history of a new kleptoparasitic species of gelechiid moth (Lepidoptera) associated with Melastomataceae galls in Brazil
Figure 7. Locharcha opportuna pupa, in dorsal (A), ventral (B) and lateral (C) views, respectively. Scale bar = 1 mm.
Data for: Speciation in kleptoparasites of oak gall wasps often correlates with shifts into new tree habitats, tree organs, or gall morphospace
<p><span>Host shifts to new plants can drive speciation for plant-feeding insects, but how commonly do host shifts also drive diversification for the parasites of those same insects? Oak gall wasps induce galls on oak trees, and shifts to novel tree hosts and new tree organs have been implicated as drivers of oak gall wasp speciation. Gall wasps are themselves attacked by many insect parasites, which must find their hosts on the correct tree species and organ, but which also must navigate the morphologically variable galls with which they interact. Thus, we ask whether host shifts to new trees, organs, or gall morphologies correlate with gall parasite diversification. We delimit species and infer phylogenies for two genera of gall kleptoparasites, <em>Synergus</em> and <em>Ceroptres</em>, reared from a variety of North American oak galls. We find that most species were reared from galls induced by just one gall wasp species, and no parasite species was reared from galls of more than four species. Most kleptoparasite divergence events correlate with shifts to non-ancestral galls. These shifts often involved changes in tree habitat, gall location, and gall morphology. Host shifts are thus implicated in driving diversification for both oak gall wasps and their kleptoparasitic associates.</span></p>
Fig. 2. Maximum likelihood tree for Crematogaster rothneyi and C. yaharai inferred from 12S in Fig. 7 in Effect of Kleptoparasitic Ants on the Foraging Behavior of a Social Spider ( Karsch, 1891).
Fig. 2. Maximum likelihood tree for Crematogaster rothneyi and C. yaharai inferred from 12S rRNA sequences (12S, 387 bp). Numbers above nodes indicate the bootstrap values. Please note, only one sequence from each population was available.
Fig. 3 in Fig. 7 in Effect of Kleptoparasitic Ants on the Foraging Behavior of a Social Spider ( Karsch, 1891).
Fig. 3. Crematogaster rothneyi. (A, B, C) non-type worker from Calcutta, India (HW 0.8; WL 0.9). (A) body in lateral view; (B) full-face view of head; (C) dorsal view of mesosoma, petiole and postpetiole. (D, E, F) non-type worker from Sulawesi, Indonesia (HW 0.74; WL 0.88). (D) body in lateral view; (E) full-face view of head; (F) dorsal view of mesosoma, petiole and postpetiole.
Fig. 1 in Fig. 7 in Effect of Kleptoparasitic Ants on the Foraging Behavior of a Social Spider ( Karsch, 1891).
Fig. 1. Distribution map of the Crematogaster rothneyi group. Closed circle indicates C. rothneyi, closed triangle indicates C. rothneyi haputalensis, closed square indicates C. yaharai.
Fig. 5 in Fig. 7 in Effect of Kleptoparasitic Ants on the Foraging Behavior of a Social Spider ( Karsch, 1891).
Fig. 5. Left antenna. (A) Crematogaster rothneyi; (B) Crematogaster yaharai. Arrow indicates antennal segments V and VI.
Fig. 4 in Fig. 7 in Effect of Kleptoparasitic Ants on the Foraging Behavior of a Social Spider ( Karsch, 1891).
Fig. 4. Crematogaster yaharai, paratype worker from Cambodia (HW 0.72; WL 0.83). (A) body in lateral view; (B) full-face view of head; (C) dorsal view of mesosoma, petiole and postpetiole.
Fig. 7 in Effect of Kleptoparasitic Ants on the Foraging Behavior of a Social Spider ( Karsch, 1891).
Fig. 7. Handling time (minutes) of both K unexposed (Ku, n = 3 groups) and K exposed (Ke, n = 3 groups) spider groups recorded during three different times (9 am, 1 pm and 5 pm) of the four experimental days.
Fig. 4 in Effect of Kleptoparasitic Ants on the Foraging Behavior of a Social Spider ( Karsch, 1891).
Fig. 4. Web rebuilding ability (Size of the web (cm2 ± SEM) of the K unexposed (Kleptoparasite "K" is O. smaragdina) spider groups (Fasted (n = 3 groups) and Fed (n = 3 groups)) during the 4 experimental days. The regression lines, blue line (Fasted spider) has the Intercept a = 236.94, Slope b = 71.812 and Coefficient of Determination R² = 0.966 and the red line (Fed spider) has a = 78.925, b = 55.61 and R² = 0.955.
Fig. 3 in Effect of Kleptoparasitic Ants on the Foraging Behavior of a Social Spider ( Karsch, 1891).
Fig. 3. Kleptoparasites of S. sarasinorum. (A) Argyrodes kumadai (Dewdrop spider). (B) Hyllus semicupreus (Heavy-bodied jumper). (C) Phintella vittata (Banded phintella). (D) Oxyopes javanus (Lynx spider). (E) Oecophylla smaragdina (Weaver ant). (F) Anoplolepis gracilipes (Yellow crazy ant). Photo courtesy of: Karunnappilli S. Nafin.
Fig. 6 in Effect of Kleptoparasitic Ants on the Foraging Behavior of a Social Spider ( Karsch, 1891).
Fig. 6. Size of the web (cm2 ± SEM) built by fed and fasted (K unexposed ("- K exposure"): n = 3 groups) and K exposed ("+ K exposure"): n = 3 groups) spider groups.
Fig. 2 in Effect of Kleptoparasitic Ants on the Foraging Behavior of a Social Spider ( Karsch, 1891).
Fig. 2. (A) An individual colony of S. sarasinorum. (B) Experimental set-up for the study. (C) Spiders (Host) in captivity- Ant (Kleptoparasite- O. smaragdina) exposed.
Fig. 5 in Effect of Kleptoparasitic Ants on the Foraging Behavior of a Social Spider ( Karsch, 1891).
Fig. 5. Web rebuilding ability (Size of the web (cm2 ± SEM)) of the K exposed (Kleptoparasite "K" is O. smaragdina) spider groups (Fasted (n = 3 groups) and Fed (n = 3 groups)) during the 4 experimental days. The regression lines, blue line (Fasted spider) has the Intercept a = 64.13, Slope b = 73.361 and Coefficient of Determination R2 = 0.96 and the red line (Fed spider) has a = 41.5, b = 65.25 and R2 = 0.948.
Fig. 1 in Effect of Kleptoparasitic Ants on the Foraging Behavior of a Social Spider ( Karsch, 1891).
Fig. 1. Map of the study area – Social spider web colonies (Marked as red spot) on Christ College Irinjalakuda.
Figs 1–4 in The kleptoparasitic habits of Musca albina Wiedemann, 1830 (Diptera: Muscidae)
Figs 1–4. Kleptoparasitic Musca albina Wiedemann females: (1) perching near dung-rolling Scarabaeus (numerous individuals were observed perching near active scarabs, but none were observed to alight in the vicinity of source dung); (2) cluster on rapidly sinking dung ball (during the brief period the host scarab spends interring the dung ball the kleptoparasitic muscids arrive and swiftly oviposit); (3) single female with her ovipositor inserted into a partially buried dung ball; (4) female flies only alight on fully formed Scarabaeus dung balls, and only when stationary (no muscids were observed on actively rolling dung balls); artificially impeding motion of the ball by impaling it with a twig lured in this female.
Figs 19–21 in Proposal of Karliella gen. n. for the Afrotropical 'Pegomya' sexpunctata Karl, 1935 (Diptera: Anthomyiidae), a possible kleptoparasite of dung-breeding beetles
Figs 19–21. Karliella sexpunctata (Karl): (19, 20) oviscapt, dorsal and ventral views; (21) spermathecae. Scale bars: Figs 19, 20 = 0.25 mm, Fig. 21 = 0.1 mm.
Figs 15–18 in Proposal of Karliella gen. n. for the Afrotropical 'Pegomya' sexpunctata Karl, 1935 (Diptera: Anthomyiidae), a possible kleptoparasite of dung-breeding beetles
Figs 15–18. Karliella sexpunctata (Karl): (15, 16) hypopygium, posterior and ventral views; (17) pre- and postgonite, lateral view; (18) phallus and ejaculatory apodeme, anterolateral view. Scale bars: Figs 15, 16 = 0.25 mm, Figs 17, 18 = 0.1 mm.
Figs 5, 6 in Proposal of Karliella gen. n. for the Afrotropical 'Pegomya' sexpunctata Karl, 1935 (Diptera: Anthomyiidae), a possible kleptoparasite of dung-breeding beetles
Figs 5, 6. Karliella sexpunctata (Karl): (5) male thorax, dorsal view; (6) male wing, ventral view. Scale bars: Fig. 5 = 0.5 mm, Fig. 6 = 1.0 mm.
Figs 1–4 in Proposal of Karliella gen. n. for the Afrotropical 'Pegomya' sexpunctata Karl, 1935 (Diptera: Anthomyiidae), a possible kleptoparasite of dung-breeding beetles
Figs 1–4. Karliella sexpunctata (Karl): (1, 2) male head, lateral and dorsal views; (3, 4) female head, dorsal and lateral views. Scale bar = 0.5 mm.
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International Brain Laboratory public data
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OpenNeuro
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