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32 results for “land ice”
Antarctic Ecosystem Inventory: Spatial data for Ice-free lands v1.0
<p>This is Antarctica’s first comprehensive ecosystem map of ice-free lands. The data comprise a spatially explicit 3-tiered hierarchical ecosystem classification with nine Major Environment Types (tier 1), 33 Habitat Complexes (tier 2) and 269 Bioregional Ecosystem Types (tier 3). These Bioregional Ecosystem Types are aligned with ‘level 4’ of the IUCN Global Ecosystem Typology (Keith et al. 2022). </p> <p><br>The spatial data are available in raster format (TIF) at 100 m resolution in the Polar Stereographic Projected Coordinate System (GCS_WGS_1984) for all known ice-free areas south from latitude -57.330551 decimal degrees South (pdf map shows extent of ice-free areas in relation to terrestrial ice and ice shelves). A value attribute table (VAT) provides text fields containing codes and full names for each unit in each level of the classification hierarchy and the spatial extent of tier 3 units in hectares.</p> <p><br>Methods of development, source data and uses of the inventory are detailed by Tóth et al. (2025a). Descriptive profiles for tier 1 and 2 units are available in Tóth et al. (2025b).</p> <p><br>References<br>Keith, D.A., Ferrer-Paris, J.R., Nicholson, E., Bishop, M.J., Polidoro, B.A., Ramirez-Llodra, E., Tozer, M.G., Nel, J.L., Nally, R. Mac, Gregr, E.J., Watermeyer, K.E., Essl, F., Faber-Langendoen, D., Franklin, J., Lehmann, C.E.R., Etter, A., Roux, D.J., Stark, J.S., Rowland, J.A., Brummitt, N.A., Fernandez-Arcaya, U.C., Suthers, I.M., Wiser, S.K., Donohue, I., Jackson, L.J., Pennington, R.T., Iliffe, T.M., Gerovasileiou, V., Giller, P., Robson, B.J., Pettorelli, N., Andrade, A., Lindgaard, A., Tahvanainen, T., Terauds, A., Chadwick, M.A., Murray, N.J., Moat, J., Pliscoff, P., Zager, I. & Kingsford, R.T. (2022) A function-based typology for Earth’s ecosystems. Nature 610, 513–518. [doi: 10.1038/s41586-022-05318-4].<br>Tóth, A.B., Terauds, A., Chown, S.L., Hughes, K.A., Convey, P., Hodgson, D.A., Cowan, D.A., Gibson, J., Leihy, R.I., Murray, N.J., Robinson, S.A., Shaw, J.D., Stark, J.S., Stevens, M.I., van den Hoff, J., Wasley, J. and Keith D.A. (2025a). A dataset of Antarctic ecosystems in ice-free lands: classification, descriptions, and maps. Scientific Data 12, 133. [https://doi.org/10.1038/s41597-025-04424-y] <br>Tóth, A.B., Terauds, A., Chown, S.L., Hughes, K.A., Convey, P., Hodgson, D.A., Cowan, D.A., Gibson, J., Leihy, R.I., Murray, N.J., Robinson, S.A., Shaw, J.D., Stark, J.S., Stevens, M.I., van den Hoff, J., Wasley, J. & Keith D.A. (2025b). Antarctic Ecosystem Inventory: Descriptive profiles for ice-free lands v1.0. DOI: 110.5281/zenodo.14625890. Australian Antarctic Data Centre.</p>
Sulfate Isotope and geochemical ice core data from Dronning Maud Land over the penultimate glacial termination
<p>Sulfur isotope data over the penultimate termination from the EPICA Dronning Maud Land (EDML) ice core as published in Fischer et al., Nature Geosciences, 2024. The file contains:</p> <ul> <li>measured geochemical and sulfur isotope data from the EDML ice core over the time interval 112-153 kyr before present</li> <li>deconvolution of different sulfur sources for the EDML ice core over the time interval 112-153 kyr before present</li> <li>reconstruction of atmospheric sulfate aerosol concentrations from the EDML ice core over the time interval 112-153 kyr before present</li> <li>measured geochemical and sulfur isotope data data from the shallow coastal B38 ice core over the time interval 1964-1968</li> </ul>
MPAS-Albany Land Ice model simulations of Humboldt Glacier, North Greenland, from 2007–2100
<p>This dataset contains model input and output in netCDF format, model code, and analysis scripts for simulations of Humboldt Glacier, North Greenland, through the 21st century (Hillebrand et al., 2022) using the MPAS-Albany Land Ice model (Hoffman et al., 2018). We calibrate parameters controlling basal traction, iceberg calving, and submarine melt against observations from 2007–2017. We then explore the glacier’s sensitivity to climate forcing, iceberg calving, and basal conditions in an ensemble of 24 simulations from 2007–2100. We further explore its sensitivity to uncertainties in ice-shelf melt, bed topography, and calving rate limits in targeted sensitivity experiments. Input files include surface mass balance, ocean thermal forcing, and subglacial runoff forcings provided by ISMIP6 (Nowicki et al., 2020; Slater et al., 2020). Output includes basal traction optimization solutions for the year 2007; annual 2D ice speed, basal shear and driving stresses, and geometry; annual 3D temperature; and grounded, floating, and global mass budgets at every timestep.</p> <p>References:</p> <p>Hillebrand, T. R., Hoffman, M. J., Perego, M., Price, S. F., and Howat, I. M. (2022): The contribution of Humboldt Glacier, northern Greenland, to sea-level rise through 2100 constrained by recent observations of speedup and retreat, The Cryosphere, 16, 4679–4700, <a href="https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-16-4679-2022">https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-16-4679-2022</a>.</p> <p>Hoffman, M. J., Perego, M., Price, S. F., Lipscomb, W. H., Zhang, T., Jacobsen, D., et al. (2018). MPAS-Albany Land Ice (MALI): a variable-resolution ice sheet model for Earth system modeling using Voronoi grids. <em>Geoscientific Model Development</em>, <em>11</em>(9), 3747–3780.<a href="https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-11-3747-2018"> https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-11-3747-2018</a></p> <p>Nowicki, S., Goelzer, H., Seroussi, H., Payne, A. J., Lipscomb, W. H., Abe-Ouchi, A., et al. (2020). Experimental protocol for sea level projections from ISMIP6 stand-alone ice sheet models. <em>The Cryosphere</em>, <em>14</em>(7), 2331–2368.<a href="https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-14-2331-2020"> https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-14-2331-2020</a></p> <p>Slater, D. A., Felikson, D., Straneo, F., Goelzer, H., Little, C. M., Morlighem, M., et al. (2020). Twenty-first century ocean forcing of the Greenland ice sheet for modelling of sea level contribution. <em>The Cryosphere</em>, <em>14</em>(3), 985–1008.<a href="https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-14-985-2020"> https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-14-985-2020</a></p>
Dataset - "Ice core evidence for a 20th century increase in surface mass balance in coastal Dronning Maud Land, East Antarctica"
<p>We provide in this dataset the isotopic and ionic records from a 120 m-long ice core drilled at the summit of Derwael ice rise (70°14'44.88'' S, 26°20'5.64'' E) situated in coastal Dronning Maud Land, East Antarctica. Ions concentrations (Na<sup>+</sup>, MSA, Cl<sup>-</sup>, SO<sub>4</sub><sup>2-</sup> and NO<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup>) and water stable isotopes (δ<sup>18</sup>O, δD and d-excess) are presented for the top 103 meters (corresponding to 1815 and the Tambora eruption) with a continuous record for the water stable isotopes and discontinuous sections for ions concentrations. A complementary database “Annual layer thicknesses and age-depth (oldest estimate) of Derwael Ice Rise (IC12), Dronning Maud Land, East Antarctica” with age model and annual layer thickness is available at https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.857574 and the companion paper is Philippe et al., 2016 (“Ice core evidence for a 20th century increase in surface mass balance in coastal Dronning Maud Land, East Antarctica”, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-10-2501-2016).</p>
Physico-chemical properties of the top 120 m of two ice cores in Dronning Maud Land (East Antarctica)
<p>We provide in this dataset the complete records from the top 120 m of two ice cores drilled on two adjacent ice rises (Hammarryggen and Lokeryggen, ~100 km apart) located in coastal Dronning Maud Land, Antarctica. Density, water stable isotopes (δ<sup>18</sup>O, δD and d-excess), ions concentrations (Na<sup>+</sup>, K<sup>+</sup>, Mg<sup>+</sup>, Ca<sup>+</sup>, MSA, Cl<sup>-</sup>, SO<sub>4</sub><sup>2-</sup> and NO<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup>), and continuous electrical conductivity measurement (ECM) records, as well as age models and resulting surface mass balance (SMB) are presented here. These ice cores are dated back to the end of the eighteenth century (CE 1793 ± 3 years for FK17and 1780 ± 5 years for TIR18) by manual and automatic multivariable layer counting and volcanic tie points validation. The SMB is calculated after correction for vertical strain rates.</p> <p>A detailed description of the measurement procedures, data treatments and uncertainties can be found in: Wauthy S., Tison, J.-L., Inoue, M., El Amri, S., Sun, S., Claeys, P., and Pattyn, F.: Physico-chemical properties of the top 120 m of two ice cores in Dronning Maud Land (East Antarctica): an open window on spatial and temporal regional variability of environmental proxies, submitted to Earth System Science Data (ESSD).</p> <p>These new records can be compared to those from other coastal ice cores in DML and to regional or global model results, and represent a great opportunity for further studies addressing the mechanisms behind SMB spatial and temporal variability in East Antarctica.</p> <p>The study was funded in the framework of the Mass2Ant project, contract n° BR/165/A2 by the Belgian Science Policy BELSPO.</p>
Vertical land motion due to present-day ice loss from Greenland's and Canada's peripheral glaciers
<p>Greenland's bedrock responds to the ongoing loss of ice mass with an elastic vertical land motion (VLM) that is measured by Greenland's GNSS Network (GNET). The measured VLM also contains other contributions, including the long-term viscoelastic response of the Earth to previous deglaciation.</p> <p>Greenland's ice sheet (GrIS) is producing the most significant contribution to the total VLM. The contribution of peripheral glaciers (PGs) from both Greenland (GrPGs) and Arctic Canada (CanPGs) has not been carefully accounted for in the GNSS time series analysis. This is a significant concern, since GNET stations are often closer to PGs than to the ice sheet. </p> <p>We find that PGs produce significant elastic rebound, especially in North and East Greenland. Across these regions, the PGs result in up to 37% of the elastic rebound. For a few stations in the North, the VLM from PGs is larger than the GrIS one.</p>
Data for: Assessing the Impacts of Falling Ice Radiative Effects on the Seasonal Variation of Land Surface Properties
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MPAS-Albany Land Ice v6.0 Test Cases
<p>This archive includes test case for the MPAS-Albany Land Ice v6.0 model.</p> <p>See http://mpas-dev.github.io/ for links to model source code and User's Guide.</p>
Dataset for "Estimating Contribution of Sea Ice and Land Snow to Climate Sensitivity"
<p>The reproducible dataset for "Estimating Contribution of Sea Ice and Land Snow to Climate Sensitivity".</p>
MAR-ERA5 reanalysis of the Arctic land ice surface mass balance between 1950 and 2020
<p>This archive provides monthly outputs of the surface mass balance variables over the Arctic land ice, as modeled by MAR forced by ERA5.</p><p>These outputs were produced as part of the publication "Maure, D., Kittel,C., Lambin, C., Delhasse, A. and Fettweis, X.: "Spatially heterogeneous effect of climate warming<br>on the Arctic land ice", The Cryosphere, accepted. (2023). The data comes from the 6km domains presented in Fig.1 of the study, reinterpolated to a single Pan-Arctic 6km grid.</p><p> </p><p>Contact: Damien Maure </p><p>damien.maure@uliege.be</p><p> </p><p>The MAR code is available at https://gitlab.com/Mar-Group/MARv3. The version used to generate this dataset is tagged as v3.11.5.</p><p>About the dataset:<br>It contains one file per year</p><p>MAR_arctic_ERA5_v1_<strong>*year*</strong>.nc</p><p>MAR311</p><p>SMB: surface mass balance<br>SF: snowfall<br>RF: rainfall<br>RU: runoff<br>ME: melt<br>SU: sublimation - deposition (positive values indicates mass losses through sublimation)<br>(units: mm we day)</p><p> </p><p> </p>
Vertical land motion due to present-day ice loss from Greenland’s and Canada’s peripheral glaciers
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ICECAP-2 consortium processed airborne ice thickness data from the Princess Elizabeth Land, East Antarctica
<p>Airborne ice thickness data from the Princess Elizabeth Land (PEL), East Antarctica was collected in four separate seasons. During the first ICECAP2 season (2015/16), a survey acquiring exploratory ‘fan-shaped’ radial profiles to maximize range and data return on each flight was completed across the broadly unknown region of PEL. These flight lines extend from the coastal Progress Station to the interior ice-sheet divide at Ridge B. In the second and third seasons (2016/17 and 2017/18), a survey ‘grid’ was completed, targeting enhanced resolution over a proposed subglacial lake and a series of basal canyons (Jamieson et al., 2016). In the fourth season (2018/19), a few additional transects were completed to fill the largest data gaps within aircraft range. Field data acquisition was achieved using the “Snow Eagle 601” aero geophysical platform; a BT-67 airplane operated by the Polar Research Institute of China for the Chinese National Antarctic Research Expedition (CHINARE) program. The suite of instruments configured on the airplane include a phase-coherent radio-echo sounder system, operating at a central frequency of 60 MHz and a peak power of 8 kW, making it capable of penetrating deep (>3 km) ice in Antarctica. After applying coherent integration and pulse compression at a bandwidth of 15 MHz, which gave an along-track spatial sampling rate and a vertical resolution of ~10 m and ~5.6 m, respectively.</p>
Datasets of "The Onset of a Globally Ice-covered State for a Land Planet"
<p>This dataset contains results to create figures in the paper "The Onset of a Globally Ice-covered State for a Land Planet" by T. Kodama et al.</p> <p>It contains data from our GCM calculations to create figures. We used Gtool3-dcl5 which is developed by the GFD-DENNOU Club for analysis (<a href="https://www.gfd-dennou.org/">https://www.gfd-dennou.org</a>).</p>
Data from: Increased land use by Chukchi Sea polar bears in relation to changing sea ice conditions
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MERRA-2 tavgM_2d_glc_Nx: 2d,Monthly mean,Time-Averaged,Single-Level,Assimilation,Land Ice Surface Diagnostics 0.625 x 0.5 degree V5.12.4 (M2TMNXGLC) at GES DISC
M2TMNXGLC (or tavgM_2d_glc_Nx) is a 2-dimensional monthly mean data collection in Modern-Era Retrospective analysis for Research and Applications version 2 (MERRA-2). This collection consists of assimilated land ice surface diagnostics at the single levels, such as fractional area of glaciated surface snow cover, snow mass over glaciated surface, snow depth over glaciated surface, and total snow mass residual due to densification. The collection also includes variance of certain parameters.MERRA-2 is the latest version of global atmospheric reanalysis for the satellite era produced by NASA Global Modeling and Assimilation Office (GMAO) using the Goddard Earth Observing System Model (GEOS) version 5.12.4. The dataset covers the period of 1980-present with the latency of ~3 weeks after the end of a month. Data Reprocessing: Please check “Records of MERRA-2 Data Reprocessing and Service Changes” linked from the “Documentation” tab on this page. Note that a reprocessed data filename is different from the original file.MERRA-2 Mailing List: Sign up to receive information on reprocessing of data, changing of tools and services, as well as data announcements from GMAO. Contact the GES DISC Help Desk (gsfc-dl-help-disc@mail.nasa.gov) to be added to the list.Questions: If you have a question, please read "MERRA-2 File Specification Document", “MERRA-2 Data Access – Quick Start Guide”, and FAQs linked from the ”Documentation” tab on this page. If that does not answer your question, you may post your question to the NASA Earthdata Forum (forum.earthdata.nasa.gov) or email the GES DISC Help Desk (gsfc-dl-help-disc@mail.nasa.gov).
MERRA-2 tavg3_2d_glc_Nx: 2d,3-Hourly,Time-Averaged,Single-Level,Assimilation,Land Ice Surface Diagnostics 0.625 x 0.5 degree V5.12.4 (M2T3NXGLC) at GES DISC
M2T3NXGLC (or tavg3_2d_glc_Nx) is a 2-dimensional 3-hourly time-averaged data collection in Modern-Era Retrospective analysis for Research and Applications version 2 (MERRA-2). This collection consists of assimilated land ice surface diagnostics at the single levels, such as fractional area of glaciated surface snow cover, snow mass over glaciated surface, snow depth over glaciated surface, and total snow mass residual due to densification. The data field is available every three hour starting from 01:30 UTC, e.g.: 01:30, 04:30, … , 22:30 UTC. MERRA-2 is the latest version of global atmospheric reanalysis for the satellite era produced by NASA Global Modeling and Assimilation Office (GMAO) using the Goddard Earth Observing System Model (GEOS) version 5.12.4. The dataset covers the period of 1980-present with the latency of ~3 weeks after the end of a month. Data Reprocessing: Please check “Records of MERRA-2 Data Reprocessing and Service Changes” linked from the “Documentation” tab on this page. Note that a reprocessed data filename is different from the original file.MERRA-2 Mailing List: Sign up to receive information on reprocessing of data, changing of tools and services, as well as data announcements from GMAO. Contact the GES DISC Help Desk (gsfc-dl-help-disc@mail.nasa.gov) to be added to the list.Questions: If you have a question, please read "MERRA-2 File Specification Document", “MERRA-2 Data Access – Quick Start Guide”, and FAQs linked from the ”Documentation” tab on this page. If that does not answer your question, you may post your question to the NASA Earthdata Forum (forum.earthdata.nasa.gov) or email the GES DISC Help Desk (gsfc-dl-help-disc@mail.nasa.gov).
EASE-Grid Land-Ocean-Coastline-Ice Masks Derived from Boston University MODIS/Terra Land Cover Data, Version 1
These Land-Ocean-Coastline-Ice (LOCI) files provide land classification masks derived from the Boston University MOD12Q1 V004 MODIS/Terra 1 km Land Cover Product (Friedl et al. 2002). The masks are available in various EASE-Grid azimuthal and global projections, at 12.5 km and 25 km spatial resolutions. The masks are in flat binary, 1 byte files stored by row. Quick-look browse images of the masks are also available in PNG (.png) format.
MERRA-2 tavgU_2d_glc_Nx: 2d,diurnal,Time-Averaged,Single-Level,Assimilation,Land Ice Surface Diagnostics 0.625 x 0.5 degree V5.12.4 (M2TUNXGLC) at GES DISC
M2TUNXGLC (or tavgU_2d_glc_Nx) is a 2-dimensional monthly diurnal means data collection in Modern-Era Retrospective analysis for Research and Applications version 2 (MERRA-2). This collection consists of assimilated land ice surface diagnostics at the single levels, such as fractional area of glaciated surface snow cover, snow mass over glaciated surface, snow depth over glaciated surface, and total snow mass residual due to densification. This data collection is the monthly mean of data fields for each 3-hour and time-stamped at the central time starting from 01:30 UTC, e.g.: 01:30, 04:30, … , 22:30 UTC.MERRA-2 is the latest version of global atmospheric reanalysis for the satellite era produced by NASA Global Modeling and Assimilation Office (GMAO) using the Goddard Earth Observing System Model (GEOS) version 5.12.4. The dataset covers the period of 1980-present with the latency of ~3 weeks after the end of a month. Data Reprocessing: Please check “Records of MERRA-2 Data Reprocessing and Service Changes” linked from the “Documentation” tab on this page. Note that a reprocessed data filename is different from the original file.MERRA-2 Mailing List: Sign up to receive information on reprocessing of data, changing of tools and services, as well as data announcements from GMAO. Contact the GES DISC Help Desk (gsfc-dl-help-disc@mail.nasa.gov) to be added to the list.Questions: If you have a question, please read "MERRA-2 File Specification Document", “MERRA-2 Data Access – Quick Start Guide”, and FAQs linked from the ”Documentation” tab on this page. If that does not answer your question, you may post your question to the NASA Earthdata Forum (forum.earthdata.nasa.gov) or email the GES DISC Help Desk (gsfc-dl-help-disc@mail.nasa.gov).
EASE-Grid 2.0 Land-Ocean-Coastline-Ice Masks Derived from Boston University MODIS/Terra Land Cover Data, Version 1
These Land-Ocean-Coastline-Ice (LOCI) files provide land classification masks derived from the Boston University MOD12Q1 V004 MODIS/Terra 1 km Land Cover Product (Friedl et al. 2002). The masks are available in various EASE-Grid 2.0 azimuthal and global projections, at various spatial resolutions ranging from 3 km to 100 km. The masks are in flat binary, 1 byte files stored by row. Quick-look browse images of the masks are also available in PNG (.png) format.
Land Resources of Russia -- Maps of Permafrost and Ground Ice, Version 1
This data set includes maps of permafrost extent, permafrost temperature, the permafrost boundary, and ground ice thickness for all of Russia. The maps are ESRI Shapefiles, which were digitized from paper maps taken from the World Atlas of Snow and Ice Resources, 1997, Institute of Geography, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia. The scale of the source maps range from 1:20,000,000 to 1:40,000,000. Polygons were assigned attributes based on the classes used in the legends of the paper map.These data were extracted from a larger collection entitled Land Resources of Russia. Data and documentation © 2002 copyright International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis and the Russian Academy of Sciences.
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