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Dataset results
11 results for “land sharing”
Sharing land via keystone structure: retaining naturally regenerated trees may efficiently benefit birds in plantations
<p class="MsoListParagraph"><span>Meeting food/wood demands with increasing human population and per-capita consumption is a pressing conservation issue, and is often framed as a choice between land sparing and land sharing. Although most empirical studies comparing the efficacy of land sparing and sharing supported land sparing, land sharing may be more efficient if its performance is tested by rigorous experimental design and habitat structures providing crucial resources for various species––keystone structures––are clearly involved. We launched a manipulative experiment to retain naturally regenerated broad-leaved trees when harvesting conifer plantations in central Hokkaido, northern Japan. We surveyed birds in harvested treatments, unharvested plantation controls and natural forest references one-year before the harvest and for three consecutive post-harvest years. We developed a hierarchical community model separating abundance and space-use (territorial proportion overlapping treatment plots) subject to imperfect detection to assess population consequences of retention harvesting. Application of the model to our data showed that retaining some broad-leaved trees increased total abundance of forest birds over the harvest rotation cycle. Specifically, pre-harvest survey showed that the amount of broad-leaved trees increased forest bird abundance in a concave manner (i.e., in a form of diminishing-return). After harvesting, a small amount of retained broad-leaved trees mitigated negative harvesting impacts on abundance though retention harvesting reduced the space-use. Nevertheless, positive retention effects on the post-harvest bird density as the product of abundance and space-use exhibited a concave form. Thus, small profit reductions were shown to yield large increases in forest bird abundance. The difference in bird abundance between clear-cutting and low amounts of broad-leaved tree retention increased slightly from the first to second post-harvesting years. We conclude that retaining a small amount of broad-leaved trees may be a cost-effective on-site conservation approach for the management of conifer plantations. Retention of 20-30 broad-leaved trees per ha may be sufficient to maintain higher forest bird abundance than clear-cutting over the rotation cycle. Retention approaches can be incorporated into management systems using certification schemes and best management practices. Developing an awareness of the roles and values of naturally regenerated trees is needed to diversify plantations.</span></p>
Sharing land via keystone structure: retaining naturally regenerated trees may efficiently benefit birds in plantations
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Data Shared: Human land-uses homogenize stream assemblages and reduce animal biomass production
<p>This is a dataset compiled from 117 sampling stream sites distributed across two neotropical biomes (rainforest and grassland). Dataset included single scaled vales of human land-use (agriculture, pasture, urbanization, and afforestation), scaled values of multifaceted biodiversity of fish, arthropods, and macrophytes (taxonomic richness, functional diversity[FDis], CWV and CWM of trait categories [recruitment and life-history, resource and habitat-use, and body size]), scaled values of local environmental predictors (stream site depth, water quality deterioration index, and sediment heterogeneity index), scaled values of climate predictors (temperature and precipitation), and log of animal biomass (fish and arthropod). </p>
Data from: Avian phylogenetic and functional diversity are better conserved by land-sparing than land-sharing farming in lowland tropical forests
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Data from: How many broadleaved trees are enough in conifer plantations? The economy of land sharing, land sparing, and quantitative targets
1. For biodiversity conservation to be an effective and significant social investment, non-marketed values of biodiversity conservation and its associated opportunity costs should be evaluated in monetary terms. 2. In this study, we measured the willingness to pay (WTP) for bird abundance using a choice experiment (CE) based on the random utility model. We performed a cost–benefit analysis to identify the optimal proportion of broad-leaved trees in conifer plantations on a volume basis to maximize the social benefits of bird conservation and wood production. 3. The results suggested that respondents to the CE were not satisfied with their current situation and preferred an increase in bird abundance. However, the estimated WTP indicated diminishing returns of bird conservation. More specifically, WTP first greatly increased before gradually experiencing decreasing marginal values, reaching its peak, and finally decreasing slightly with increasing bird abundance. 4. Optimization analyses indicated that when the relation between bird abundance and broad-leaved tree proportion was convex, semi-natural plantations with non-zero broad-leaved tree proportion (0.02–0.22) were always optimal options. When the relation was linear, optimal broad-leaved tree proportion ranged from 0 to 0.78 and was greatly affected by wood values. When the relation was concave, there were only two optimal broad-leaved tree proportions: a very high proportion (approximately 0.90) and the lowest possible proportion (0). When the convex and concave relations approached the linear form, comparable benefits could be attained across broad ranges of broad-leaved tree proportion both within and across the relations. In such cases, it would be useful to increase the likelihood of a feasible land-use strategy of either land sparing or land sharing in order to be successful. 5. Synthesis and applications. It can be difficult to set quantitative targets in biodiversity conservation solely on an ecological basis, and social benefits of biodiversity conservation can create diminishing returns in many situations. The framework we proposed shows how to reconcile resource production and biodiversity conservation in the real world.
Data from: Land‐sharing potential of large carnivores in human‐modified landscapes of western India
The current Protected Area (PA)network is not sufficient to ensure long-term persistence of wide-ranging carnivore populations.Within India, this is particularly the case for species that inhabit non-forested areas since PAs disproportionately over-represent forested ecosystems. With growing consideration of human-use landscapes as potential habitats for adaptable large carnivores, India provides a model for studying them in densely populated landscapes, where there is little understanding about human-carnivore interactions in shared spaces. Using key informant interviews and an occupancy modeling framework, we assessed the distribution of three large carnivore species, the leopard Panthera pardus, Indian grey wolf Canis lupus pallipes and striped hyena Hyaena hyaena, across a ~89,000 km2 semi-arid multi-use landscape in western India, and quantified ecological drivers of their presence.The three species occupied 57% (leopard), 64% (wolf) and 75% (hyena) of the landscape of which only 2.6% area is protected as national parks or wildlife sanctuaries. Presence of the three carnivores was differentially favored by certain types of agriculture,while populations of domestic livestock supported them in this landscape with low densities of large wild prey. Our results demonstrate the adaptability of large carnivores in human-modified landscapes and we call for an expansion of the current conservation narratives which currently focus on forested protected areas,to include the high potential that anthropogenic landscapes offer as habitats where people and predators can co-adapt and persist.
Data from: Functional responses of insectivorous bats to increasing housing density support 'land-sparing' rather than ‘land-sharing’ urban growth strategies
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Data from: How many broadleaved trees are enough in conifer plantations? The economy of land sharing, land sparing, and quantitative targets
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Data from: Urban development, land sharing and land sparing: the importance of considering restoration
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Data from: Land‐sharing potential of large carnivores in human‐modified landscapes of western India
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Raw data sharing for the study of land usecover change and ecological effects in Lanxi urban agglomeration
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