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93 results for “landscape management”
Data belonging to: Teurlincx, S., Verhofstad, M. J., Bakker, E. S., & Declerck, S. A. (2018). Managing successional stage heterogeneity to maximize landscape-wide biodiversity of aquatic vegetation in ditch networks. Frontiers in plant science, 9, 1013.
<p>Data belonging to the paper Teurlincx, S., Verhofstad, M. J., Bakker, E. S., & Declerck, S. A. (2018). Managing successional stage heterogeneity to maximize landscape-wide biodiversity of aquatic vegetation in ditch networks. Frontiers in plant science, 9, 1013.</p> <p>Data includes analysis scripts (R Language) and all used data files. Data is composed of location information of the different sites, environmental conditions on site and vegetation composition.</p>
Landscape structure and farming management interacts to modulate pollination supply and crop production in blueberries
<p><span>Pollination services are affected by landscape context, farming management, and pollinator community structure, all of which impact flower visitation rates, pollen deposition and final production. We studied these processes in Argentina for Highbush Blueberry crops which depend on pollinators to produce marketable yields. </span></p> <p><span>We studied how land cover and honeybee stocking influence the abundance of wild and managed pollinators in blueberry crops, using structural equation modeling to disentangle the cascading effects through which pollinators contribute to blueberry fruit number, size, nutritional content and overall yield. </span></p> <p><span>All pollinator functional groups responded to landscape changes at a spatial scale under 1000 m, and the significance or direction of the effects were modulated by the field-level deployment of honeybee hives. </span></p> <p><span>Fruit diameter increased with pollen deposited, but decreased with honeybee abundance, which, had indirect effects on fruit acidity and sugar content. Honeybees had a positive effect on the number of fruit produced by the plants and also benefited the overall yield (kg plant</span><sup><span>-1</span></sup><span>) through independent effects on both the quality and quantity components of fruit production.</span></p> <p><span><em>Synthesis and applications:</em> </span></p> <p><span>Deployment of beehives in blueberry fields can buffer, but not compensate for the negative effects on honeybee abundance produced by surrounding large scale none-flowering crops. Such compensation would require high-quality beehives by monitoring their health and strength.</span> <span>The </span><span>contribution of honeybees to crop production is not equal across production metrics. That is, higher abundance of honeybees increases the number of berries produced, but at the cost of smaller and more acidic fruits, potentially reducing market value. Growers must consider this trade-off between fruit quantity and quality when actively managing honeybee abundance. </span></p>
Data from: Seasonal bee communities vary in their responses to resources at local and landscape scales: Implication for land managers
<p><strong>Context</strong>:<em> </em>There is great interest in land management practices for pollinators; however, a quantitative comparison of landscape and local effects on bee communities is necessary to determine if adding small habitat patches can increase bee abundance or species richness. The value of increasing floral abundance at a site is undoubtedly influenced by the phenology and magnitude of floral resources in the landscape, but due to the complexity of measuring landscape-scale resources, these factors have been understudied.</p> <p><strong>Objectives</strong>: To address this knowledge gap, we quantified the relative importance of local versus landscape scale resources for bee communities, identified the most important metrics of local and landscape quality, and evaluated how these relationships vary with season.</p> <p><strong>Methods</strong>: We studied season-specific relationships between local and landscape quality and wild-bee communities at 33 sites in the Finger Lakes region of New York, USA. We paired site surveys of wild bees, plants, and soil characteristics with a multi-dimensional assessment of landscape composition, configuration, insecticide toxic load, and a spatio-temporal evaluation of floral resources at local and landscape scales.</p> <p><strong>Results</strong>:<em> </em>We found that the most relevant spatial scale and landscape factor varied by season. Early-season bee communities responded primarily to landscape resources, including the presence of flowering trees and wetland habitats. In contrast, mid to late-season bee communities were more influenced by local conditions, though bee diversity was negatively impacted when sites were embedded in highly agricultural landscapes. Soil composition had complex impacts on bee communities, and likely reflects effects on plant community flowering. </p> <p><strong>Conclusions</strong>:<em> </em>Early-season bees can be supported by adding flowering trees and wetlands, while mid to late-season bees can be supported by local addition of summer and fall flowering plants. Sites embedded in landscapes with a greater proportion of natural areas will host a greater bee species diversity.</p>
The conservation burden of Intact Forest Landscapes (IFLs): A global database of management units and IFLs
<p><strong>Introduction</strong></p> <p>This dataset includes a global overview of publicly available forest Management Units (MUs), Intact Forest Landscapes (IFLs) and their overlap. This includes both the boreal forests of Canada and Russia, and the tropical forests in the Amazon, the Congo basin, South-East Asia. The dataset was developed for the paper "Feasibility and effectiveness of global Intact Forest Landscape protection through forest certification: The conservation burden of Intact Forest Landscapes" by Zwerts et al. (2024). A comprehensive list of MUs with % and absolute overlap with IFLs is presented in Table S1 of Zwerts et al. (2024).</p> <p><strong>Data collection</strong></p> <p>We collected and collated all publicly available MU and IFL data of Central Africa, Southeast Asia, the Amazon, and of the boreal forests in Canada and Russia. As such, we included MU data from Cameroon, Canada, the Central African Republic, the Democratic Republic of Congo, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, Indonesia, Malaysia, the Republic of Congo and Russia. Together, these forests comprise the majority of all IFLs (Potapov et al., 2017). We utilized the 2020 intact forest landscape (IFL) dataset generated by Potapov et al. (2017). Both FSC-certified and non-FSC MUs were considered and FSC-certification status data was collected using the FSC public dashboard (FSC, 2023). All data was collected in March 2023. Our dataset is not exhaustive. To our knowledge, not all MU data is publicly available. For Southeast Asia no public MU data is available for Papua New Guinea and Peninsular Malaysia. For the Amazon, insufficient public MU data was available to create an accurate representation of the situation. This area was excluded from the main analysis in Zwerts et al., 2024. We included a distinction between FSC-certified and non-FSC MUs in Russia, even though the FSC has withdrawn all certificates in Russia in April 2023 following the invasion of Ukraine. We chose to retain the distinction between FSC and non-FSC MUs for the Russian data because of the uncertainty of the current situation and the significant influence of FSC-certification in the Russian management of IFLs.</p> <p><strong>Overlap analysis</strong></p> <p>All area was transformed to geodesic distance. Furthermore, several MU names were altered because of duplicate names. The number of hectares of MUs that overlap with IFLs was calculated in ArcGIS Pro 3.0.0, using the WGS_1984_Web_Mercator_Auxiliary_Sphere coordinate system. Using the intersect and multipart to singlepart tools every overlap fragment was isolated. For the results in Zwerts et al. (2024) the total overlap and the percentage of overlap was calculated in R. </p> <p><strong>Abstract of the related article</strong></p> <p>Intact Forest Landscapes (IFLs) are defined as forested areas of at least 500 km2 that show no signs of remotely sensed human activity. They are considered to be of high conservation value due to their role in maintaining biodiversity and mitigating climate change. In 2014, the members of the Forest Stewardship Council (FSC), one of the major global certification schemes for responsible forest management, took a conservation stand by restricting logging in FSC-certified IFLs. However, this move raised concerns about the economic viability of FSC-certified logging in these areas. To address these challenges, in 2022, FSC proposed an integrated landscape approach, considering local conditions and stakeholders' needs to balance IFL protection, economic sustainability, and community interests. Here, we leverage publicly available management unit (MU) data, to provide a global quantitative overview of IFLs designated for timber production. We use the concept of 'conservation burden' for the extent that MUs overlap with IFLs, representing the impact that IFL protection has on forest management operations if logging is disallowed. Our data indicates that currently FSC-certified MUs affect 0.6% of global IFLs. Too restrictive policies for logging in IFLs may discourage FSC-certification in global IFLs. Considering the environmental and social benefits of FSC certification, it warrants careful examination whether the benefits of protecting a limited subset of FSC-certified IFLs outweighs the cost of potentially reduced growth of the total FSC-certified area. Our data can provide a basis to facilitate stakeholder engagement for landscape-level IFL management.</p>
Simulated treatment effects on bird communities inform landscape‐scale dry conifer forest management
<p>Human land use and climate change have increased forest density and wildfire risk in dry conifer forests of western North America, threatening various ecosystem services, including habitat for wildlife. Government policy supports active management to restore historical structure and ecological function. Information on potential contributions of restoration to wildlife habitat can allow assessment of tradeoffs with other ecological benefits when prioritizing treatments. We predicted avian responses to simulated treatments representing alternative scenarios to inform landscape‐scale forest management planning along the Colorado Front Range. We used data from the Integrated Monitoring in Bird Conservation Regions program to inform a hierarchical multispecies occupancy model relating species occupancy and richness with canopy cover at two spatial scales. We then simulated changes in canopy cover (remotely sensed in 2018) under three alternative scenarios, (1) a "fuels reduction" scenario representing landscape‐wide 30% reduction in canopy cover, (2) a "restoration" scenario representing more nuanced, spatially variable treatments targeting historical conditions, and (3) a reference, no‐change scenario. Model predictions showed areas of potential gains and losses for species richness, richness of ponderosa pine forest habitat specialists, and the ratio of specialists to generalists at two (1 km<sup>2</sup> and 250 m<sup>2</sup>) spatial scales. Under both fuels reduction and restoration scenarios, we projected greater gains than losses for species richness. Surprisingly, despite restoration more explicitly targeting ecologically relevant historical conditions, fuels reduction benefited bird species richness over a greater spatial extent than restoration, particularly in the lower montane life zone. These benefits reflected generally positive species associations with moderate canopy cover promoted more consistently under the fuels reduction scenario. In practice, contemporary forest management is likely to lie somewhere between the fuels reduction and restoration scenarios represented here. Therefore, our results inform where and how active forest management can best support avian diversity. Although our study raises questions regarding the value of including landscape‐scale heterogeneity as a management objective, we do not question the value of targeting finer-scale heterogeneity (i.e., stand and treatment level). Rather, our results combined with those from previous work clarify the scale at which targeting structural heterogeneity and historical reference conditions can promote particular ecosystem services.</p>
Response of wild bee diversity, abundance and functional traits to vineyard inter-row management intensity and landscape diversity across Europe
<p>Data set used for analyses in the publication "Response of wild bee diversity, abundance and functional traits to vineyard inter-row management intensity and landscape diversity across Europe".</p> <p>First sheet in the Excel-file gives a detailed description of the abbreviations, terms etc. used in the following tables. Please also check the method section in the publication for the detailed description on how data were collected.</p> <p>If you have any questions feel free to contact Sophie Kratschmer via e-mail</p>
LIBER 2019 Workshop. Open Access books in academic libraries – how can we adapt workflows and cost management to an open scholarly communications landscape?
<p>This dataset includes all the results from a workshop held at the LIBER Annual Conference 2019 on June 26, 2019, in Dublin, Ireland. The workshop aimed at collecting and discussing current library practices related to open access books.</p> <p>The dataset includes information from a survey made in preparation for the conference, where 67 European libraries responded to a questionnaire based on activities or workflows in libraries related to open access books. Both the survey questionnaire and the results from the survey are uploaded as separate files.</p> <p>The dataset also includes the presentation made by keynote speaker Eelco Ferwerda from the OAPEN Foundation. He presented results based on the 2017 landscape study report on open access monographs with some new results from more recent studies by Springer Nature and a follow-up report by Knowledge Exchange.</p> <p>Olaf Siegert from ZBW - Leibniz Information Centre for Economics presented a brief overview of what libraries can do to promote OA books in terms of collection management, publication services and development of staff and organisation. The conclusion is that it is not necessarily big changes that are needed.</p> <p>Sofie Wennström presented results from a survey aimed at European research libraries on behalf of the LIBER Open Access Working Group. The survey reveals that many libraries are already working with processes to promote OA books. This is done by libraries organising publishing services or inhouse publishing, by including OA books in discovery services and repositories and by supporting authors to learn more about open access and open licensing.</p> <p>Finally, the LIBER Open Access Working Group shares a report from the workshop providing some quick takeaways and some good examples brought up during the breakout session with the workshop participants.</p>
Data from: Spatial configuration matters when removing windfelled trees to manage bark beetle disturbances in Central European forest landscapes
<p>The published dataset contains the result of the paper titled <strong>Spatial configuration matters when removing windfelled trees to manage bark beetle disturbances in Central European forest landscapes, in Journal of Environmental Management.</strong></p> <p>Two zip files contain maps in ascii format for the total bark beetle and wind damage over 54 simulation year in our study region in Slovakia under reference climate and different climate change scenarios. No- salvaging and 95% salvaging scenarios are shown, just as in the paper.</p> <p>Excel file contains data of the other figures in the paper (main text and appendices as well).</p> <p>See more details about target area, and iLand model:</p> <p>https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0168192318302946</p> <p>http://iland.boku.ac.at/startpage</p> <p>contact: Laura Dobor; dobor.laura@gmail.com</p> <p> </p>
Data for: Changes in evapotranspiration, transpiration and evaporation across natural and managed landscapes in the Amazon, Cerrado and Pantanal biomes
<p>This dataset contains measurements of evapotranspiration and other meteorological variables (net radiation, air temperature, vapor pressure deficit, etc) from nine eddy covariance towers located in different ecosystems in the Amazon (natural Amazon forest, cropland and pastureland), Cerrado (natural savannah, irrigated and rainfed croplands) and Pantanal (natural forest, pastureland) biomes. It also contains estimates of transpiration that were calculated using two different approaches, the transpiration estimation algorithm (TEA) and the underlying water use efficiency method (uWUE).</p>
Simulated treatment effects on bird communities inform landscape‐scale dry conifer forest management
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Landscape structure and farming management interacts to modulate pollination supply and crop production in blueberries
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Data from: Seasonal bee communities vary in their responses to resources at local and landscape scales: Implication for land managers
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Conservation in post-industrial cities: how does vacant land management and landscape configuration influence urban bees?
<p>1. Rich pollinator assemblages are documented in some cities despite habitat fragmentation and degradation, suggesting that urban areas have potential as pollinator refuges. To inform urban bee conservation, we assessed local and landscape scale drivers of bee community composition and foraging within vacant lots of Cleveland, Ohio, USA. Cleveland is a shrinking city, a type of urban area that has an over-abundance of vacated greenspaces as a result of population loss and subsequent demolition of abandoned infrastructure. As such, Cleveland represents over 350 post-industrial cities worldwide, that are all promising locations for bee conservation.</p> <p>2. Across a network of 56 residential vacant lots (each ~30m x 12m), we established seven unique habitats, including seeded native prairies, to investigate how vegetation management and landscape context at a 1500m radius influenced urban bee communities. We assessed the distribution of several bee functional traits, diversity, and abundance with pan and malaise traps. Foraging frequency was determined with plant-pollinator interaction networks derived from vacuum collections of bees at flowers.</p> <p>3. We observed higher bee richness and increased abundance of smaller sized bees as the size of surrounding greenspace patches increased within a 1500m radius landscape buffer. Within habitats, greater plant biomass positively influenced bee community richness and abundance whereas taller vegetation was a negative influence. Plant-pollinator interaction networks were dominated by spontaneous non-native vegetation, illustrating that this forage supports urban bees.</p> <p>4. Synthesis and applications: Our study indicates that proximity to larger greenspaces within an urban landscape promotes overall bee richness and increased occurrence of smaller bee species within residential vacant lots. While we did not observe our seeded native plants enhancing the bee community, native wildflowers were still establishing during the study and may have a greater influence when blooming at higher densities. Importantly, spontaneous non-native vegetation provided the majority of urban bee's forage. Thus, vacant land that is minimally managed and vegetated with what many consider undesirable "weeds", provides valuable habitat for bee conservation in cities.</p>
Density responses of lesser-studied carnivores to habitat and management strategies in southern Tanzania's Ruaha-Rungwa landscape
<p>Study using camera trapping and Spatially Explicit Capture-Recapture (SECR) to provide baseline status estimates for population densities of serval, striped hyaena and aardwolf in the Ruaha-Rungwa landscape and to assess the impact of habitat, management strategies and levels of anthropogenic impact on their population densities.</p>
Sustainable landscape, soil and crop management practices enhance biodiversity and yield in conventional cereal systems
<p>1. Input-driven, modern agriculture is commonly associated with large-scale threats to biodiversity, the disruption of ecosystem services and long-term risks to food security and human health. A switch to more sustainable yet highly productive farming practices seems unavoidable. However, an integrative evaluation of targeted management schemes at field and landscape scales is currently lacking. Furthermore, the often-disproportionate influence of soil conditions and agrochemicals on yields may mask the benefits of biodiversity-driven ecosystem services.</p> <p>2. Here, we used a real-world ecosystem approach to identify sustainable management practices for enhanced functional biodiversity and yield on 28 temperate wheat fields. Using path analysis, we assessed direct and indirect links between soil, crop and landscape management with natural enemies and pests, as well as follow-on effects on yield quantity and quality. A paired-field design with a crossed insecticide-fertilizer experiment allowed us to control for the relative influence of soil characteristics and agrochemical inputs.</p> <p>3. We demonstrate that biodiversity-enhancing management options such as reduced tillage, crop rotation diversity and small field size can enhance natural enemies without relying on agrochemical inputs. Similarly, we show that in this system controlling pests and weeds by agrochemical means is less relevant than expected for final crop productivity.</p> <p>4. Synthesis and applications: Our study highlights soil, crop and landscape management practices that can enhance beneficial biodiversity while reducing agrochemical usage and negative environmental impacts of conventional agriculture. The diversification of cropping systems and conservation tillage are practical measures most farmers can implement without productivity losses. Combining local measures with improved landscape management may also strengthen the sustainability and resilience of cropping systems in light of future global change.</p>
Unexpected effects of local management and landscape composition on predatory mites and their food resources in vineyards
<p>This research was funded by the project SECBIVIT.</p> <p>Dataset of the results in the Articel: Unexpected effects of local management and landscape composition on predatory mites and their food resources in vineyards.</p> <p>For further information also see: </p> <ul> <li>Sampled grape varieties: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4562219 </li> <li>https://www.secbivit.boku.ac.at/</li> </ul>
Predatory arthropod community composition in apple orchards: Orchard management, landscape structure and sampling method
<p>Studies on predatory arthropods in agricultural areas seldom include Diptera other than hover flies, partly because common sampling methods are less effective for capturing species that easily fly off when disturbed. To study the effect from this bias when describing the predator community, we compared traditional beat sampling of branches and suction sampling for describing the community of predatory arthropods in Swedish apple orchards, both organic orchards and orchards using integrated pest management. Our results indicate that the proportion of both predatory dipterans and parasitic hymenopterans increase dramatically when using suction sampling (Diptera: 32% vs 20%, Hymenoptera: 25% vs 7%). In fact, predatory dipterans were the most abundant predatory group when using suction sampling, in contrast to beat sampling where spiders were the most abundant group. One group of predatory flies that was particularly rich in both species and individuals in the surveyed apple orchards was dance flies in the family Hybotidae. Even though the bias of sampling method was evident, it was encouraging that the method choice did not affect the conclusions concerning management on predatory arthropod communities. With both methods, dipteran and coleopteran predators were more abundant in organic apple orchards whereas opilionids were more abundant in orchards managed according to integrated pest management. The inclusion of landscape variables further indicated effects of landscape diversity and of deciduous forest cover, but the response varied in sign between predatory groups. Whereas both Coleoptera and Heteroptera were more abundant in orchards surrounded by more complex landscapes (high landscape diversity and/or high deciduous forest cover), spiders, opilionids and dipterans were rather less abundant in these orchards. To conclude, our study points to the potential importance of predatory dipterans in apple orchards, and we highly recommend future studies of arthropod predators in apple and other crops to actively include predatory Diptera.</p>
Selection of a diversionary field and other habitats by large grazing birds in a landscape managed for agriculture and wetland biodiversity
<p>Several populations of cranes, geese, and swans are thriving and increasing in modern agricultural landscapes. Abundant populations are causing conservation conflicts, as they may affect agricultural production and biodiversity negatively. </p> <p>Management strategies involving provisioning of attractive diversionary fields where birds are tolerated can be used to reduce negative impact to growing crops. To improve such strategies, knowledge of how the birds interact with the landscape and respond to current management interventions is key.</p> <p>We used GPS locations from tagged common cranes (Grus grus) and greylag geese (Anser anser) to assess how they use and select differentially managed habitats, such as diversionary fields to decrease impact on agriculture and wetlands protected for biodiversity conservation.</p> <p>Our findings show a high probability of presence of common cranes and greylag geese in the protected area and in the diversionary field, but also on arable fields, potentially causing negative impact on agricultural production and wetland biodiversity.</p> <p>We outline recommendations for how to improve the practice of diversionary fields and complementary management to reduce risk of negative impact of large grazing birds in landscapes tailored for both conservation and conventional agriculture.</p>
Population genomics of flat-tailed horned lizards (Phrynosoma mcallii) informs conservation and management across a fragmented Colorado Desert landscape
<p><em>Phrynosoma mcallii</em> (flat-tailed horned lizards) is a species of conservation concern in the Colorado Desert of the United States and Mexico. We analyzed ddRADseq data from 45 lizards to estimate population structure, infer phylogeny, identify migration barriers, map genetic diversity hotspots, and model demography. We identified the Colorado River as the main geographic feature contributing to population structure, with the populations west of this barrier further subdivided by the Salton Sea. Phylogenetic analysis confirms that northwestern populations are nested within southeastern populations. The best-fit demographic model indicates Pleistocene divergence across the Colorado River, with significant bidirectional gene flow, and a severe Holocene population bottleneck. These patterns suggest that management strategies should focus on maintaining genetic diversity on both sides of the Colorado River and Salton Sea. We recommend additional lands in the U.S. and Mexico that should be considered for similar conservation goals as those in the Rangewide Management Strategy (RMS). We also recommend periodic rangewide genomic sampling to monitor ongoing attrition of diversity, hybridization, and changing structure due to habitat fragmentation, climate change and other long-term impacts.</p>
Data from: Genetic analysis of red deer (Cervus elaphus) administrative management units in a human-dominated landscape - patterns of genetic diversity, population structure and gene flow
<p><span><span>Red deer (</span><span><em>Cervus elaphus</em></span><span>) throughout central Europe are</span> impacted by different anthropogenic activities including habitat fragmentation, selective hunting, and translocations<span>. This has substantial influences on genetic diversity and the long-term conservation of local populations of this species. Here we use genetic samples from 480 red deer individuals to assess the genetic diversity and differentiation of the 12 administrative management units located in Schleswig Holstein, the northernmost federal state in Germany. </span></span><span><span>We applied multiple analytical approaches and show that the history of local populations (i.e., translocations, culling of individuals outside of designated red deer zones, and anthropogenic infrastructures) has led to comparably low levels of genetic diversity. The mean expected heterozygosity was below 0.6 and we observed on average 4.2 alleles across 12 microsatellite loci. Effective population sizes below the recommended level of 50 were estimated for multiple local populations. </span></span><span><span>Our estimates of genetic structure and gene flow show that red deer in northern Germany are best described as a complex network of asymmetrically connected subpopulations, with high genetic exchange among some local populations and reduced connectivity of others. Genetic diversity was also correlated with population densities of neighboring management units. </span></span></p> <p><span><span>Based on these findings, we suggest that connectivity among existing management units needs to be considered in the practical management of the species, which means that some administrative management units should be managed together, while the effective isolation of other units needs to be mitigated.</span></span></p>
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.