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Data from “Larval and juvenile Longfin Smelt diets as a function of fish size and prey density in the San Francisco Estuary”
This publication includes the raw data from the manuscript: Lojkovic Burris, Z. P., R. D. Baxter, and C. E. Burdi. 2022. Larval and juvenile Longfin Smelt diets as a function of fish size and prey density in the San Francisco Estuary. California Fish and Wildlife Journal 108:e11. http://www.doi.org/10.51492/cfwj.108.11 Data includes the diets of larval and juvenile Longfin Smelt in the San Francisco Estuary from 2005 to 2008 in the form of diet by number, diet by weight, macroinvertebrate prey lengths, prey length-weight equations, and prey weight conversions.
Two decades of body length measurements in size-structured larval and juvenile fish populations in English rivers.
<p>Long term ecological datasets are valuable in providing context and understanding to complex ecological processes that occur over broad temporal scales, and provide a baseline for analysing change. Monitoring of fish populations in UK waterbodies and elsewhere is typically through measuring the length of individual fish caught in surveys. Through this method, the age structure of fish populations can be determined, as well as over winer survival rates and future recruitment success and cohort sizes can be predicted. The larval and juvenile period are when fish are considered most vulnerable to predation, competition, disease and environmental perturbations. </p> <p><br>This study presents the first long-term larval and juvenile fish lengths dataset for 67 survey sites over two decades (1999-2018) from the rivers Ancholme, Warwickshire Avon, Don, Trent, and Yorkshire Ouse (including the Swale, Ure, Nidd and Wharfe) in the United Kingdom. These rivers represent a range of topographical and biotopical characteristics. For the majority of this study, surveys were conducted on a monthly or fortnightly basis making both annual and seasonal analyses of size structure, growth and body length possible. Although there is some variation in the sampling frequency and some locations varied throughout the study according to requirements. In total, more than 380,000 larval or juvenile fish of 30 species were measured, likely representing one of the most comprehensive datasets of its type.</p> <p>Surveys were conducted in river margins, where the velocity was slowest and larval and juvenile fish tend to aggregate. Fish were captured using a 25 x 3 m micromesh (3 mm mesh size) seine net that was set in a rectangle parallel to the bank. This net capture fish as small as 5 mm and is the most appropriate method of catching larvae and juvenile fish, although occasionally some larger adult fish may have also been captured and measured as part of this dataset for completeness. All fish were identified to species and measured to standard length (mm) and released at the point of capture. The exception was the smallest larvae, which were euthanised with an overdose of methanesulphonate (MS-222) and preserved in 4% formalin solution for microscopic examination.</p> <p><br>The dataset contains 384,090 rows and 13 columns. Each row corresponds to a single fish that was measured at each site and date. Associated site information (site name, location, area fished (m<sup>2</sup>) and survey date) is reported for each row. When only a fraction of the catch was processed, the sub-sample size was reflected in the Count column (e.g. when half the sample was processed, the numbers of fish measured or only counted were multiplied by two). This enables accurate densities to be calculated as the total number of both measured and unmeasured fish is recorded.</p> <p>Description of columns found in the dataset:</p> <p> </p> <table> <tbody> <tr> <td> <p><strong>Column heading</strong></p> </td> <td> <p><strong>Column description</strong></p> </td> <td> <p><strong>Data type</strong></p> </td> <td> <p><strong>Units</strong></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p>Fish _Catchment</p> </td> <td> <p>The river catchment/basin location of each fish site</p> </td> <td> <p>Text</p> </td> <td> <p>n/a</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p>Fish_River</p> </td> <td> <p>The river/watercourse location of each fish site.</p> </td> <td> <p>Text</p> </td> <td> <p>n/a</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p>Fish_SiteName</p> </td> <td> <p>The name of each fish site</p> </td> <td> <p>Text</p> </td> <td> <p>n/a</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p>Fish_Latitude</p> </td> <td> <p>The latitude of each fish site (WGS 1984)</p> </td> <td> <p>Integer</p> </td> <td> <p>Decimal degrees</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p>Fish_Longitude</p> </td> <td> <p>The longitude of each fish site (WGS 1984)</p> </td> <td> <p>Integer</p> </td> <td> <p>Decimal degrees</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p>Fish_Area</p> </td> <td> <p>Area of fish site surveyed</p> </td> <td> <p>Integer</p> </td> <td> <p>m<sup>-2</sup></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p>Fish_SurveyDate</p> </td> <td> <p>Date fish survey was carried out</p> </td> <td> <p>Integer</p> </td> <td> <p>dd/mm/yyyy</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p>Fish_Year</p> </td> <td> <p>Year fish survey was carried out</p> </td> <td> <p>Integer</p> </td> <td> <p>yyyy</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p>Common_Name</p> </td> <td> <p>The common/vernacular name of each fish taxon recorded in the dataset.</p> </td> <td> <p>Text</p> </td> <td> <p>n/a</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p>Latin_Name</p> </td> <td> <p>The scientific name of each fish taxon recorded in the dataset</p> </td> <td> <p>Text</p> </td> <td> <p>n/a</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p>Net_Number</p> </td> <td> <p>The net number the fish in a given survey were caught on</p> </td> <td> <p>Integer</p> </td> <td> <p>n/a</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p>Length_mm</p> </td> <td> <p>Length of individual fish caught</p> </td> <td> <p>Integer</p> </td> <td> <p>mm</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p>Count</p> </td> <td> <p>Count of fish caught accounting for sub- sampling</p> </td> <td> <p>Integer</p> </td> <td> <p>Number of fish</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p> </p>
Qualitative Larval Fish Sampling at the California Department of Water Resource’s State Water Project
The California Department of Water Resource’s State Water Project utilizes the John E. Skinner Delta Fish Protective Facility (Skinner Fish Facility) to salvage fishes that would otherwise become entrained during operations to divert water from the Sacramento-San Joaquin River Delta (Delta). Water is diverted from the Delta to meet California’s agricultural, municipal, industrial, and environmental needs. The Skinner Fish Facility, located in Contra Costa County and situated ahead of the Harvey O. Banks Pumping Plant, began salvaging fish in 1968 but historically, only recorded fork length measurements for fish greater than 20 millimeters. Beginning in 2009, the Skinner Fish Facility implemented qualitative larval sampling in response to the 2008 U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Biological Opinion on the coordinated operations of the Central Valley Project (CVP) and State Water Project (SWP). This entailed collecting, retaining, and identifying larval fishes to better understand SWP impacts on Delta Smelt. Qualitative larval sampling took place annually from 2009 through 2025, during the Old and Middle River management period and based upon Delta Smelt spawning (typically mid-February to June). The California Department of Water Resources collected and processed samples from 2020 through 2025. Data from 2009 through 2019 were processed and retained by others and are not included in this dataset.
Interagency Ecological Program and US Fish and Wildlife Service: Enhanced Delta Smelt Monitoring Program Experimental Larval Survey Data 2018-2019
The United States Fish and Wildlife Service’s (USFWS) Experimental Larval Survey was designed and implemented by the Enhanced Delta Smelt Monitoring Program to assess alternative sampling methods for monitoring the larval life stages of the federally endangered Delta Smelt (Hypomesus transpacificus) within the San Francisco Estuary, California, USA. From 2018 to 2019, four different sampling methods (Beach Seine, Manta Trawl Net, 20-mm Surface Trawl Net, 20-mm Midwater Trawl Net) nested in time and space were used to estimate the occupancy rate, relative density, and size distribution of larval Delta Smelt across sampling methods and water depth strata within the San Francisco Estuary. For more information on the Lodi USFWS Office and the Enhanced Delta Smelt Monitoring Program: https://www.fws.gov/lodi/.
Data from: Empirical verification of feeding selectivity of larval and juvenile pelagic fishes using in situ zooplankton communities
<p>Most studies on the feeding ecology of larvae and juveniles of commercially important pelagic fishes have used field-based approaches. However, due to possible biases related to net sampling, it is uncertain whether the results obtained from those studies truly represent the situation of live fish in the sea. Here we investigated the feeding ecology of pelagic fishes through a laboratory experiment minimizing the biases inherent in field net sampling. In the experiment, hatchery-reared juvenile chub mackerel (<em>Scomber japonicus</em>) and larval/juvenile Japanese anchovy <em>(Engraulis japonicus</em>) were fed with wild-caught zooplankton assemblages collected from around Hakatajima Island in the Seto Inland Sea, Japan. The relationships between fish size and prey number in the gut, and the selectivity on each prey organism were determined. As a result, in both species, prey number and size increased with body size, and the fish showed strong selectivity for crustaceans including copepodites and adults of copepods. Our data has also clearly indicated that both species can selectively prey on preferred foods that are rare while avoiding non-preferred foods that are abundant. These results, which substantially accord with reports from previous field studies, will not only help field scientists make a convincing interpretation of their data, but also open the possibility of further laboratory studies on detailed mechanisms of the feeding selectivity of larval/juvenile pelagic fishes.</p>
Figure A2 in A student-based expansion of the strategies of reproduction in fish (STOREFISH) database to 288 North American freshwater and anadromous species for 14 egg and larval traits
Figure A2. – Summary of the 162 answers for survey questions 5-9 (see Tab. A1 for details). Letter refer to the difficulties associated with (A) finding information (B) reading articles in English, (C) accessing documents, and (D) other reasons.
Figure 2 in A student-based expansion of the strategies of reproduction in fish (STOREFISH) database to 288 North American freshwater and anadromous species for 14 egg and larval traits
Figure 2. – The number of species (A) and records (B) in the original (black bars) and new (white bars) data sets for egg (left of the vertical bar) and larval (right of the bar) traits. Numbers in the x-axis correspond to trait numbers in Table I. The maximum possible number of species in (A) was 80 and 288 for the original and new data, respectively. See Table I for trait units and description.
Figure A3 in A student-based expansion of the strategies of reproduction in fish (STOREFISH) database to 288 North American freshwater and anadromous species for 14 egg and larval traits
Figure A3. – Boxplot summaries of the number of references (Q11) and traits (Q12) that the students found. See Table A1 for details.
"LARVAL FISH HABITATS AND DEOXYGENATION IN THE NORTHERN LIMIT OF THE OXYGEN MINIMUM ZONE OFF MEXICO"
<p>Dataset associated with the submitted publication - "LARVAL FISH HABITATS AND DEOXYGENATION IN THE NORTHERN LIMIT OF THE OXYGEN MINIMUM ZONE OFF MEXICO"</p> <p>Created: 10/10/2019 by Victor M. Godínez (CICESE). Ver. 1.0</p> <p>Authors: Laura Sánchez-Velasco, Victor M. Godínez, Erick D. Ruvalcaba-Aroche, Amaru Márquez-Artavia, Emilio Beier, Eric D. Barton and S. Patricia A. Jiménez-Rosenberg.<br> Project_info: This data base has been obtained during the project funded by the financial support of SEP-CONACyT (contracts 2014-236864, L. Sanchez-Velasco) and Fronteras de la Ciencia-CONACyT (contracts 2015-2-280, L. Sanchez-Velasco).<br> License: The authors appreciate that users of these data: 1) Contact Laura Sánchez-Velasco (lsvelasc@gmail.com) to follow the uses of the data, and 2) Include the requested acknowledgment (cite using the DOI of this dataset) in any presentations or publications.</p> <p>Variables:<br> five structures for the four surveys (Survey_Feb2010, Survey_Apr2012, Survey_Jun2015, Survey_Mar2016, Survey_Oct2017) with the following variables:<br> Name Units<br> ___________ ________<br> 'Latitude' 'degrees'<br> 'Longitude' 'degrees'<br> 'XX' 'Distance (km)'<br> 'YY' 'Distance (m)'<br> 'Pressure' 'decibars'<br> 'Temperature' 'conservative temperature (oC)' <br> 'Salinity' 'Absolute Salinity (g/Kg)'<br> 'Oxigen' 'dissolved oxygen (mL/L)'<br> 'Fluorescence' '(mg/m^3)'<br> 'xlar' 'Distance (km)' <br> 'ylar' 'Distance (m)'<br> 'Bb' 'Bregmaceros bathymaster (Larvae/10m^2)'<br> 'Bp' 'Benthosema panamense (Larvae/10m^2)'<br> 'Dl' 'Diogenichthys laternatus (Larvae/10m^2)'<br> 'Asp' 'Auxis spp (Larvae/10m^2)'</p> <p><br> One structures for the oldest data with the following variables:<br> Name Units<br> ___________ ________<br> 'Latitude' 'degrees'<br> 'Longitude' 'degrees'<br> 'Time' 'absolute julian day'<br> 'Pressure' 'decibars'<br> 'Temperature' 'conservative temperature (oC)' <br> 'Salinity' 'Absolute Salinity (g/Kg)'<br> 'Oxigen' 'dissolved oxygen (mL/L)</p>
FIGURE 1 in Larval fish assemblages in nearshore waters of southeast Gulf of California: vertical and temporal patterns
FIGURE 1 | A. Map of the study area, nearshore waters in front of the Huizache-Caimanero estuarine system, located in the southeast Gulf of California, Sinaloa, Mexico. Sampling sites are indicated by black circles. B. Detail of the study area and sampling sites located in front of the Presidio River inlet.
FIGURE 4 in Larval fish assemblages in nearshore waters of southeast Gulf of California: vertical and temporal patterns
FIGURE 4 | Boxplots for diversity and evenness for the sampled months from September 1994 to June 1995. A. Diversity, B. Evennes. Line: median; box: 25th to 75th percentiles; whiskers: minimum to maximum value range. Differences in GLM p-values are shown by lowercase letters, different letters mean significant differences for the indexes (p-value <0.05).
FIGURE 7 in Larval fish assemblages in nearshore waters of southeast Gulf of California: vertical and temporal patterns
FIGURE 7 | Vertical distribution of the abundance of the species found in the study. Bars indicate the mean value (individuals m-3) and error bars the Standard Error.
FIGURE 3 in Larval fish assemblages in nearshore waters of southeast Gulf of California: vertical and temporal patterns
FIGURE 3 | Water temperature and salinity profiles at each sampling site, for each sampled month from September 1994 to June 1995.
FIGURE 5 in Larval fish assemblages in nearshore waters of southeast Gulf of California: vertical and temporal patterns
FIGURE 5 | Correlation triplot of the db-RDA showing the relationship between explanatory (temperature and salinity) and response variables (species). Black labels indicate the position of species in the ordination; their size increase according to the abundance of the species to achieve a better visualization. Samples are coded by depths and months. The angles between species and explanatory variables reflect their correlations; a small angle implies a positive correlation, a large one suggests a negative correlation, and a 90° angle indicates no correlation between two variables.
FIGURE 2 in Larval fish assemblages in nearshore waters of southeast Gulf of California: vertical and temporal patterns
FIGURE 2 | A. Box plots showing temporal variations in temperature and salinity during the sampling period (1994–1995). Line: median; box: 25th to 75th percentiles; whiskers: minimum to maximum value range. Months with the same letters do not significantly differ using Dunn's test. B. Monthly variability of salinity from October 2011 to August 2014, dots indicate the mean value and error bars the Standard Deviation.
FIGURE 6 in Larval fish assemblages in nearshore waters of southeast Gulf of California: vertical and temporal patterns
FIGURE 6 | Temporal and vertical variations of the abundance of the most abundant species found in the study. Dots indicate the mean value and error bars the Standard Error. SEP: September, DEC: December, Apr: April, JUN: June.
FIG. 6 in Larval tapeworms (Platyhelminthes, Cestoda) from sciaenid fishes of the southern coast of Brazil
FIG. 6. — Dasyrhynchus pacificus Robinson, 1965; A, larva in toto; B, portion of the chainette; C, posterior portion of bulbs and appendix; D, half spiral of principal hooks, intercalary hooks (in black) and chainette (c). Scale bars: A, 0.1 mm; B, D, 0.05 mm;
FIG. 1 in Larval tapeworms (Platyhelminthes, Cestoda) from sciaenid fishes of the southern coast of Brazil
FIG. 1. — Heteronybelinia nipponica (Yamaguti, 1952); A, larva in toto; B, bothridium; C, basal armature; D, hooks of the first seven
FIG. 5 in Larval tapeworms (Platyhelminthes, Cestoda) from sciaenid fishes of the southern coast of Brazil
FIG. 5. — Progrillotia dollfusi Carvajal & Rego, 1983; A, metabasal armature, antibothridial face; B, basal armature, antibothridial face; C, metabasal armature, external face; D, basal armature, external face. Abbreviations: mh, microhooks; hh, hastiform hooks. Abbreviations: 1-4, falciform hooks of principal row half spiral of metabasal armature in the antibothridial face; 1'-4', in the bothridial face; a-c, intercalar hooks in the antibothridial face; a'-c', in the bothridial face; Bb, Bc, Bd, Be, uncinate hooks of basal armature.
FIG. 3. — A, B in Larval tapeworms (Platyhelminthes, Cestoda) from sciaenid fishes of the southern coast of Brazil
FIG. 3. — A, B, Nybelinia bisulcata (Linton, 1889); A, larva in toto; B, basal armature; C, D, Dollfusiella sp.; C, larva in toto; D, hooks
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