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15 results for “leaf angle”
Leaf Angle of North America Broadleaf Deciduous Trees: 2021 - 2023
Leaf angle, defined as the angle between the leaf normal (perpendicular to the leaf surface) and the zenith, strongly influences albedo, photosynthesis, and evapotranspiration. We installed remote time-lapse cameras mounted level with the sunlit treetops at each of the ten National Ecological Observatory Network (NEON) tower to measure and track seasonal changes of leaf angle for 11 tree species across three years of 2021, 2022 and 2023. We measured the (x, y) coordinates of each leaf’s petiole and tip and tracked their changes over time on a weekly basis. From these coordinates, we computed the leaf angle for each leaf throughout the growing season across three years of weekly observations.
Global leaf inclination angle (LIA) and nadir leaf projection function (G(0)) products
<p>Leaf inclination angle (LIA), the angle between leaf surface normal and zenith directions, is a vital parameter in radiative transfer, rainfall interception, evapotranspiration, photosynthesis, and hydrological processes. In the radiative transfer regime, LIA is generally represented by the leaf projection function (G(θ)), which is defined as the average projection ratio of unit leaf area in the illumination or viewing direction θ.</p> <p>This dataset (CAS-GLA) includes the first global mean LIA (MLA) and nadir leaf projection function (G(0)) products at the spatial resolutions of 500 m and 0.05 degrees. The products are recorded in GeoTIFF format under the WGS-84 geographic coordinate system. The global 500 m MLA product was generated by gap-filling LIA measurement data using a random forest regressor after a series of preprocessing, such as spatial expansion, LIA upscaling, and sample screening. Cross-validation shows that the predicted MLA presents a medium consistency (<em>r</em> = 0.75, RMSE = 7.15°) with the validation samples. The 500 m MLA product was further upscaled to 0.05 degrees by weighting the MODIS 500 m leaf area index. The G(0) product was derived from the MLA by assuming a single-parameter ellipsoidal leaf angle distribution. The G(0) product agrees moderately with high-resolution reference data (<em>r </em>= 0.62, RMSE = 0.15). Note the global MLA and G(0) products mainly represent the typical state during the growing season from 2001 to 2022. The MLA and G(0) products would enhance our knowledge about global LIA and should greatly facilitate remote sensing retrieval and land surface modeling studies.</p> <p>In the version 1.1, two quality layers were added to 500 m MLA product to represent the quality of input data and the prediction model. The input data quality was denoted by the proportion of high-quality BRDF inversions for each pixel. The prediction model quality was represented qualitatively for each pixel considering whether the MLA was predicted by extrapolating beyond the range of the training samples. In the 500 m MLA product, the three bands sequentially store MLA, input data quality (scale factor = 0.01), and model quality (1: predictions within the range of samples; 0: predictions out of the range of samples).</p>
Leaf angle measurements for temperate tree species in northeastern USA
Leaf angle distribution (LAD) measurements were made during the growing season in 2021 at the Harvard Forest in Petersham, MA, USA, and in 2022 at the Thompson Farm Earth Systems Observatory in Durham, NH, USA. At both sites, a level-calibrated digital angle tool was used to measure LAD in upper canopy foliage of common northeastern temperate tree species accessed using a mobile canopy lift. Additionally, at Thompson Farm, measurements were made at multiple heights to characterize differences of LAD in high, middle, and low canopy positions. Here, we have published those measurements, including a summary table of species average leaf angles and calculated parameters for fitted beta distributions. Processing scripts can be made available upon request to the authors. Additionally, leaf chemical, physical, structure, optical and physiological traits have been measured at these site as well as canopy scale measures of structure and UAV-based spectral, thermal, and lidar imagery.
Text-fig. 4. Monocots. a, b: Large monocot leaf part and counterpart, UAPC-ALTA S 17955A, B. a: Wide leaf showing entire margin at left. b: Counterpart showing dark wide midrib, and and secondaries parallel to one another, arising at low acute angle. c–e: Monocot leaf with parallel venation. c: Overview of elongate monocot leaf with parallel veins horizontal and linear to oval structures and smaller leaf fragment of same type lacking them (at lower right), UAPC-ALTA S 59491. d: Higher magnification of the smaller fragment with weak cross veins. e: Higher magnification of larger specimen with linear to oval structures between parallel veins. f, g: Monocot leaf with parallel venation. Fig. (f) shows higher magnification and (g) shows overview, BBM-PAL-P000009. Scale bars: a, b = 5 cm, c = 4 cm, d–f = 1 cm, g = 2 cm. in The Early Eocene Flora Of Horsefly, British Columbia, Canada And Its Phytogeographic Significance
Text-fig. 4. Monocots. a, b: Large monocot leaf part and counterpart, UAPC-ALTA S 17955A, B. a: Wide leaf showing entire margin at left. b: Counterpart showing dark wide midrib, and and secondaries parallel to one another, arising at low acute angle. c–e: Monocot leaf with parallel venation. c: Overview of elongate monocot leaf with parallel veins horizontal and linear to oval structures and smaller leaf fragment of same type lacking them (at lower right), UAPC-ALTA S 59491. d: Higher magnification of the smaller fragment with weak cross veins. e: Higher magnification of larger specimen with linear to oval structures between parallel veins. f, g: Monocot leaf with parallel venation. Fig. (f) shows higher magnification and (g) shows overview, BBM-PAL-P000009. Scale bars: a, b = 5 cm, c = 4 cm, d–f = 1 cm, g = 2 cm.
Leaf angle as a leaf and canopy trait: Rejuvenating its role in ecology with new technology
<p>Life on Earth depends on the conversion of solar energy to chemical energy by plants through photosynthesis. A fundamental challenge in optimizing photosynthesis is to adjust leaf angles to efficiently use the intercepted sunlight under the constraints of heat stress, water loss, and competition. Despite the importance of leaf angle, until recently, we have lacked data and frameworks to describe and predict leaf angle dynamics and their impacts from leaves to the globe. We review the role of leaf angle in studies of ecophysiology, ecosystem ecology, and earth system science and highlight the essential yet understudied role of leaf angle as an ecological strategy to regulate plant carbon-water-energy nexus and to bridges leaf, canopy, and earth system processes. Using two models, we show that leaf angle variations have significant impacts on not only canopy-scale photosynthesis, energy balance, and water use efficiency but also light competition within forest canopy. New techniques to measure leaf angles are emerging, opening opportunities to understand the rarely-measured intraspecific, interspecific, seasonal, and interannual variations of leaf angles and their implications to plant biology and earth system science. We conclude by proposing three directions for future research.</p>
Leaf angle as a leaf and canopy trait: Rejuvenating its role in ecology with new technology
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
A compilation of canopy leaf inclination angle measurements across plant species and biome types
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Data and Code for the manuscript "Confounding effects of leaf angle dynamics on vegetation indices - implications for monitoring vegetation from space"
<p>This repository includes the data and code to reproduce the results for the study "<em>Confounding effects of leaf angle dynamics on vegetation indices - implications for monitoring vegetation from space</em>". The study shows that leaf angle dynamics systematically confound widely applied vegetation indices. Moreover, it is demonstrated that these effects are not random but tightly linked to abiotic environmental conditions. These findings demonstrate both challenges and opportunities for using VIs for vegetation monitoring.</p>
Leaf Angle Data (FIFE)
The Leaf Angle Data Data Set contains leaf angle distributions (LAD) obtained during the 1987 growing season for ten types of plant canopies, from the Konza Long-Term Ecological Research (LTER) area. These data were collected using a direct measurement technique (i.e., a Spatial Coordinate Apparatus (SCA)). The species selected were major species common on the prairie with the leaves were of sufficient size to allow SCA measurement. The objective of this study was to obtain detailed LAD information on the major canopy species of the tallgrass prairie and selected agricultural crops. The LAD information for specific canopies can be used as input for a canopy radiation model. Canopy leaf orientation is an important parameter for plant growth modeling. Four categories of zenith angle distributions were found among the 14 species. These were planophile, plagiophile, erectophile, and uniform. Some canopies were found to have non-uniform leaf azimuth angle distribution. Also there were deferences between the upper and lower parts of the canopies for some species.
Spatiotemporal resolved leaf angle establishment improves rice grain yield via controlling population density
GEO Series GSE155932. Oryza sativa. 40 samples. Type: Expression profiling by high throughput sequencing; Non-coding RNA profiling by high throughput sequencing.
Spatiotemporal resolved leaf angle establishment improves rice grain yield via controlling population density [mRNA]
GEO Series GSE155930. Oryza sativa. 20 samples. Type: Expression profiling by high throughput sequencing.
Spatiotemporal resolved leaf angle establishment improves rice grain yield via controlling population density [miRNA-seq]
GEO Series GSE155931. Oryza sativa. 20 samples. Type: Non-coding RNA profiling by high throughput sequencing.
The transcription factor OsWRKY36 regulates lamina joint development and the leaf angle in rice by modulating brassinosteroid signalling [DAP-seq]
GEO Series GSE310494. Oryza sativa. 3 samples. Type: Other.
The transcription factor OsWRKY36 regulates lamina joint development and the leaf angle in rice by modulating brassinosteroid signalling [ChIP-Seq]
GEO Series GSE310275. Oryza sativa. 2 samples. Type: Genome binding/occupancy profiling by high throughput sequencing.
The transcription factor OsWRKY36 regulates lamina joint development and the leaf angle in rice by modulating brassinosteroid signalling
GEO Series GSE285338. Oryza sativa. 18 samples. Type: Expression profiling by high throughput sequencing.
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Allen Brain Atlas
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International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.