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37 results for “leaf functional traits”
American Residential Macrosystems - Leaf functional traits and raw data in five major metropolitan areas, 2012-2013
"We used leaf functional traits in residential yards and nearby natural areas to assess biotic ecological homogenization in five cities across the U.S. that span major ecological biomes and climatic regions: Baltimore, MD, Boston, MA, Los Angeles, CA, Miami, FL, and Minneapolis-St. Paul, MN."
Seasonal trends in leaf level physiological parameters, obtained through gas exchange, reflectance spectroscopy and, functional trait analysis
This data package contains leaf level gas exchange, reflectance spectroscopy, and functional trait measurements collected in six common deciduous tree species across the full 2021 growth season (May -October) at the Black Rock Forest in Cornwall, New York, USA. Branches were sampled predawn using the shotgun method of branch retrieval, and re-cut under water to preserve hydraulic function before transport to the lab. Gas exchange data included in this package are stomatal response curves (irradiance response) which can be used to estimate stomatal slope and intercept. Spectroscopic data are full-range (350 – 2500 nm) leaf reflectance spectra collected on all leaves sampled for gas exchange and traits. Leaf level trait measurements include leaf mass per area (LMA), leaf dry matter content (LDMC), elemental nitrogen and carbon expressed on a per mass basis, and fitted values of Asat, Vcmax, and Rdark scaled to a reference temperature of 25C. Data from these three data tables (stomatal responce, spectra, leaf traits) can be cross referenced using the unique SampleID. Additional data tables include stomatal anatomy (stomatal density, length, and width of the guard cells), hydraulic properties estimated from pressure volume curves (relative water deficit at the turgor loss point), and predawn water potential for all sampled branches. Site level data includes the dGPS location of each sampled tree, its species, and DBH. Each tabular data file (*.csv) is accompanied by a data description (*_dd.csv) which includes relevant metadata (unit, definition, data type). Copies of all raw instrument output (spectroradiometer, LICOR, pressure chamber) and included as .zip files.
Leaf functional traits and environmental conditions of four common nymphaeid species
<p>This dataset includes measures of 21 leaf functional traits of 48 wild populations of four species of nymphaeids: <em>Nuphar lutea</em>, <em>Nelumbo nucifera</em>, <em>Nymphaea alba</em> and <em>Nymphoides peltata</em>. For each population (plot) coordinates, water depth, pH, specific conductivity, nitrate, dissolved inorganic carbon, dissolved reactive silica, soluble reactive phosphorus, sediment organic matter content and sediment total phosphorus content and sediment density are provided as well. The populations were located in different lake systems in Italy. The dataset includes a legend sheet with information on single traits and environmental variables, including units of measurement.</p> <p>Structural traits (area, fresh and dry weight, dry matter content and specific area) were measured on 5 leaves from different individuals, while leaf pigments and phosphorus content were measured on 3 leaves. Leaf carbon and nitrogen content were measured on one aliquot of the pooled dried material of all leaves. Therefore, the missing values in the dataset derive from the sampling design of the study. All further information on the methodology used to collect and measure the traits and environmental variables can be found in the related paper ("Ecological and functional niches comparison reveals differentiated resource-use strategies and ecological thresholds in four key floating-leaved macrophytes", Dalla Vecchia et al. 2024, Limnology and Oceanography).</p>
Data from: Measuring leaf and root functional traits uncovers multidimensionality of plant responses to arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi
<p>Premise of the study While many studies have measured the aboveground responses of plants to mycorrhizal fungi at a single time point, little is known about how plants respond belowground or across time to mycorrhizal symbiosis. By measuring belowground responses as well as growth over time in many plant species, we create a more complete picture of how mycorrhizal fungi benefit their hosts. Methods We grew 26 prairie plant species with and without mycorrhizal fungi and measured fourteen functional traits measuring above and belowground tissue quality and quantity responses and changes in resource allocation. We used function-value trait (FVT) modeling to characterize changes in species growth rate when colonized. Key results While aboveground biomass responses were positive, the response of traits belowground were much more variable. Changes in aboveground biomass accounted for 60.8% of the variation in mycorrhizal responses, supporting the use of aboveground biomass response as the primary response trait. Responses belowground were not associated with aboveground responses and accounted for 18.3% of the variation. Growth responses over time were highly variable across species. Interestingly, none of the measured responses were phylogenetically conserved. Conclusions Mycorrhizal fungi increase plant growth in most scenarios, but the effects of these fungi belowground and across time are more complicated. This study highlights how differences in plant allocation priorities might affect how they utilize the benefits from mycorrhizal fungi. Identifying and characterizing these differences is a key step to understanding the effects of mycorrhizal mutualisms on whole plant physiology. </p>
Data from: Effects of artificial light at night on the leaf functional traits of freshwater plants
<p>Leaf traits measured on three species of submerged aquatic plants (<em>Myriophyllum verticillatum </em>L., <em>Potamogeton coloratus</em> Hornem., and <em>Vallisneria spiralis</em> L.) grown under light pollution at night or in the dark. Details about the protocols and the data collection can be found in the article published in <em>Freshwater Biology</em>.</p>
Data - Krieg et al. (2023) Functional Traits and Trait Co-ordination Change Over the Life of a Leaf in a Tropical Fern Species. AJB.
<p>Summary of the data set used in Krieg et al. (2023) Functional Traits and Trait Co-ordination Change Over the Life of a Leaf in a Tropical Fern Species. AJB.</p>
Data from: Leaf metabolic traits reveal hidden dimensions of plant form and function
<p>In this study, we interpreted leaf metabolome variation among 457 tropical and 339 temperate plant species to understand how the metabolome contributes to macroecological variation in plant functioning. Metabolome data were generated using liquid chromatography mass spectrometry, annotated with compound names (where possible), and cross-referenced against chemoinformatics databases to derive metabolite chemical properties. We then compared variation in leaf metabolite chemical properties among species with variation in classical plant functional traits.</p>
Data from: Measuring leaf and root functional traits uncovers multidimensionality of plant responses to arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi
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Data from: Leaf functional traits predict timing of nutrient resorption and carbon depletion in deciduous subarctic plants
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Data from: Leaf metabolic traits reveal hidden dimensions of plant form and function
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The timing of leaf senescence relates to flowering phenology and functional traits in 17 herbaceous species along elevational gradients
1. Leaf senescence is a major event in a plant's life history as autumn marks the end of the growing season. The optimal timing of leaf senescence is crucial to both, minimize risks of low temperature events and maximize carbon gain during the growing season. As abiotic conditions are currently changing at unprecedented rates, it is important to study how leaf senescence of different species is responding to these changes in order to forecast future growing season length and carbon sequestration potentials. In contrast to flowering phenology, data on autumn events is scarce and even more so for herbaceous than for woody plants, thus more information on this phenological stage is urgently needed. 2. We studied leaf senescence of 632 populations from 17 herbaceous species located along elevational gradients. We focussed on the beginning (5% of the population senesce, LS5) and peak (50% senesce, LS50) of leaf senescence. To see whether we can predict species-specific changes, we studied the link between LS5 and LS50 and flowering phenology as well as leaf functional traits related to plant performance. We looked at first and last flowering day and flowering duration as well as the traits specific leaf area, leaf dry matter content, area based leaf nitrogen and carbon content, carbon isotope discrimination (Δ13C), and the stomatal pore area index. 3. We found species-specific slopes of the beginning of leaf senescence along the elevational gradient. The peak of leaf senescence was uniformly delayed with increasing elevation across all species. Flowering phenology as well as leaf functional traits had a close relationship with leaf senescence and thus can be used to forecast species-specific responses to changes in abiotic conditions. High SLA and high leaf nitrogen were related to earlier senescence while high LDMC, high Δ13C and high SPI to later senescence. 4. Synthesis: The link between senescence, flowering phenology and plant functional traits will help to fine-tune predictions of future growing season length and ecosystem function. To date, most analyses are based on spring phenology and traits, for which data is more abundant than data on autumn senescence.
Forest inventory, leaf area index, and leaf functional traits of various land cover classes in Kulen, Cambodia
<ol><li><strong>Sub-title 1: </strong>Forest inventory of evergreen forest, regrowth forest, and evergreen forest in Kulen, Cambodia. (<strong>File name: </strong><i>Forest_Inventory_Pub.txt)</i> <strong> </strong></li><li><strong>Sub-title 2: </strong>Species leaf area, chlorophyll a and b and leaf dry matter content of 30 species collected from evergreen forests, regrowth forests, and cashew plantation in Kulen, Cambodia. (<strong>File name:</strong> <i>Leaf_Trait_Species_Pub.txt)</i></li><li><strong>Sub-title 3: </strong>Canopy and total leaf area index from evergreen forests, regrowth forests, and cashew plantation in Kulen, Cambodia. (<strong>File name: </strong><i>LAI_Pub.txt </i>)</li></ol>
Bamboo climatic tolerances are decoupled from leaf functional traits across an Andean elevation gradient
Widespread changes in temperature and precipitation patterns present plant species with new and combined stresses that affect their performance and distribution. Functional traits are indicators of plant resource use-acquisition strategies and thus they are commonly used to understand the geographic distributions of plant species and species' potential responses to climate change. To date, most studies have targeted a few easy-to-measure leaf traits even though other traits, such as climatic tolerances, could provide valuable information directly related with species' current and future distributions. Here, we measured both leaf functional traits and indices of physiological tolerance to heat (T50) and drought (Cell Membrane Stability) in 28 woody bamboo populations from 22 narrow-ranged species along a > 3000 m elevation gradient in the southern Peruvian Andes. We found that bamboo leaf functional traits remain fairly constant with a combination indicative of an acquisitive strategy (low leaf mass area and high nitrogen per mass) along the elevation gradient, despite drastic changes in environment and fast species turnover. Heat and drought tolerances of bamboos varied widely along the gradient and were negatively correlated to each other. Drought tolerance of bamboo populations was positively related with elevation and with precipitation seasonality while heat tolerance decreased at higher, colder elevations. When analyzed for individuals within each species or for individuals within each elevation, the two metrics of climatic tolerances did not show a consistent relationship, contrasting with the expectation of a potential trade-off between heat and drought tolerance. We also found that the measured leaf functional traits were not good predictors of climatic tolerances. Our results illustrate the diversity and complexity of the relationships between functional strategies and environmental gradients and highlight the limitations of using basic (i.e., "soft") leaf traits to understand plant distributions and climatic tolerances.
Quantitative trait locus mapping reveals an independent genetic basis for joint divergence in leaf function, life-history, and floral traits between scarlet monkeyflower (Mimulus cardinalis) populations
<p><b>PREMISE </b></p> <p>Across taxa, vegetative and floral traits that vary along a fast-slow life-history axis are often correlated with leaf functional traits arrayed along the leaf economics spectrum, suggesting a constrained set of adaptive trait combinations. Such broad-scale convergence may arise from genetic constraints imposed by pleiotropy (or tight linkage) within species, or from natural selection alone. Understanding the genetic basis of trait syndromes and their components is key to distinguishing these alternatives and predicting evolution in novel environments.</p> <p><b>METHODS </b></p> <p>We used a line-cross approach and quantitative trait locus (QTL) mapping to characterize the genetic basis of twenty leaf functional/physiological, life history, and floral traits in hybrids between annualized and perennial populations of scarlet monkeyflower (<i>Mimulus cardinalis</i>).</p> <p><b>RESULTS </b></p> <p>We mapped both single and multi-trait QTLs for life history, leaf function and reproductive traits, but found no evidence of genetic co-ordination across categories. A major QTL for three leaf functional traits (thickness, photosynthetic rate, and stomatal resistance) suggests that a simple shift in leaf anatomy may be key to adaptation to seasonally dry habitats.</p> <p><b>CONCLUSIONS </b></p> <p>Our results suggest that the co-ordination of resource-acquisitive leaf physiological traits with a fast life history and more selfing mating system results from environmental selection rather than functional or genetic constraint. Independent assortment of distinct trait modules, as well as a simple genetic basis to leaf physiological traits associated with drought escape, may facilitate adaptation to changing climates. </p>
Leaf decomposition, flammability and functional trait data for tropical swamp forest tree species
<p>Decomposition and fire are major carbon pathways in many ecosystems, yet the contribution of species identity to these processes can be difficult to predict. Plant decomposability and flammability have usually been studied separately but could be linked through shared predictive traits. We explored how decomposability and flammability were related to each other and to key plant functional traits in a tropical swamp forest in Singapore.</p> <p>Full methodological details <em>in situ</em> decomposition experiment in Nee Soon freshwater swamp forest, Singapore, laboratory flammability experiment, and leaf functional trait measurements can be found in the published article and supporting information stated below.</p> <p>Nur E. B. Rahman, Stuart W. Smith, Weng Ngai Lam, Kwek Yan Chong, Matthias S. E. Chua, Pei Yun Teo, Daniel W. J. Lee, Shi Yu Phua, Cheryl Y. Aw, Janice S. H. Lee, David A. Wardle. Leaf decomposition and flammability are largely decoupled across species in a tropical swamp forest despite sharing some predictive leaf functional traits. <em>New Phytologist</em></p> <p>In this data repository, we have uploaded the following decomposition, flammability and trait data as well as secondary data used in our statistical analyses to generate the findings presented in the paper. Specific datasets include the following:</p> <ul> <li>litter_mass_loss.csv : raw data of leaf litterbag dry masses before and after 1 year in situ decomposition experiment in Nee Soon Swamp Forest</li> <li>flammability_leaf_temperature.csv : raw data of temperature recorded during flammability experiments of leaf litter and fresh leaves</li> <li>flammability_timings.csv : raw data of timings of flammability events, namely smouldering and pyrolysis recorded from video footage of flammability experiments</li> <li>senesced_leaf_dryweights_area.csv : senesced leaf raw data for calculating physical traits</li> <li>senesced_leaf_dryweights.csv: senesced leaf dry weights raw data</li> <li>freshtraits_measurements.csv: fresh leaf raw data for calculating physical traits</li> <li>decomposition_constants.csv: derived decomposition constants (k) for each species from the analysis of decomposition experiments.</li> <li>functional_traits_z_standardized.csv : all traits required for the analysis, consolidated following z-standardized transformation</li> <li>functional_traits_untransformed_decomposition_flammability.csv : all traits required for the analysis, untransformed (for back transforming axis labels) and species decomposition and flammability variables</li> </ul> <p>Raw leaf litter mass loss and leaf flammability data are associated meta-data file explaining the column headers and variables. For all other datasets please refer to the paper and supporting information.</p>
Effects of long-term mowing on leaf- and root-associated bacterial community structures are linked to functional traits in 11 plant species from a temperate steppe
<ol> <li><span>Long-term mowing can cause morphological stuntedness of plants, thus reducing grassland productivity and exacerbating grassland degradation. Although plant microbiomes can enhance plant resistance against disturbance, considerable uncertainty exists regarding how mowing and mowing-induced plant trait plasticity affect plant microbiomes in natural grasslands. </span></li> <li><span>Here we examined the responses of leaf-/root-associated bacterial (LAB/RAB) communities of 11 dominant herbaceous perennials (6 replicates per species) to a 17-year mowing treatment in a temperate grassland. We also measured leaf/root physiological and morphological traits and analyzed the relationships among mowing practice, bacterial community structures, and leaf/root trait parameters. </span></li> <li><span>We found that both leaf and root functional traits showed interspecific variations (variations across different plant species), while only the leaf traits exhibited intraspecific variation (treatment-induced variations within plant species) between the treatments. Similarly, the LAB community structure was more sensitive to mowing but less influenced by host species identity, compared to the RAB community. The RAB community structure was primarily shaped by host species identity, while mowing was a secondary influencing factor. </span></li> <li> <span>The different patterns of LAB and RAB communities in response to mowing could be specifically explained by the inter-/intraspecific variations of the related leaf and root traits. The LAB community was strongly correlated with the leaf traits which exhibited mowing-induced plasticity (intraspecific variation), with the correlations with nitrogen resorption efficiency and aboveground dry weight being the greatest. The root traits were important indicators of bacterial community structure in the root compartment across the hosts, rather than between the treatments. Root tissue density</span> <span>showed the strongest interspecific variation, and was identified as an overwhelming driver of the RAB community. The shifts in LAB/RAB communities under mowing were largely attributed to the increased proportions of Actinobacteria. The high mowing sensitivity of the LAB community was associated with the enrichment of soil-derived Actinobacteria in leaves under mowing. Actinobacteria were also the main keystone taxa in the bacterial community networks under mowing.</span> </li> <li><span>Our results demonstrate that the magnitude of plant-associated microbial community response to long-term mowing is plant compartment- and trait-variation-dependent, and advance our understanding of the leaf/root microbiome-trait relationships in complex plant communities.</span></li> </ol>
Functional traits and drought strategy predict leaf thermal tolerance
<p>Heat stress imposes an important physiological constraint on native plant species – one that will only worsen with human-caused climate change. Indeed, rising temperatures have already contributed to large-scale plant mortality events across the globe. These impacts may be especially severe in cities, where the urban heat island effect amplifies climate warming. Understanding how plant species will respond physiologically to rising temperatures and how these responses differ among plant functional groups is critical for predicting future biodiversity scenarios and making informed land management decisions. In this study, we evaluated the effects of elevated temperatures on a functionally and taxonomically diverse group of woody native plant species in a restored urban nature preserve in southern California using measurements of chlorophyll fluorescence as an indicator of leaf thermotolerance. Our aim was to determine if species' traits and drought strategies could serve as useful predictors of thermotolerance. We found that leaf thermotolerance differed among species with contrasting drought strategies, and several leaf-level functional traits were significant predictors of thermotolerance thresholds. Drought deciduous species with high specific leaf area, high rates of transpiration, and low water-use efficiency were the most susceptible to heat damage, while evergreen species with sclerophyllous leaves, high relative water content, and high water-use efficiency maintained photosynthetic function at higher temperatures. While these native shrubs and trees are physiologically equipped to withstand relatively high temperatures in this Mediterranean-type climate, hotter conditions imposed by climate change and urbanization may exceed the tolerance thresholds of many species. We show that leaf functional traits and plant drought strategies may serve as useful indicators of species' vulnerabilities to climate change, and this information can be used to guide restoration and conservation in a warmer world.</p>
Leaf architecture and functional traits for 122 species at the University of California at Berkeley botanical garden
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The timing of leaf senescence relates to flowering phenology and functional traits in 17 herbaceous species along elevational gradients
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Bamboo climatic tolerances are decoupled from leaf functional traits across an Andean elevation gradient
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
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