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176 results for “leaf miner”
Survey of Aspen leaf miner (Phyllocnistis populiella) Oviposition Per Leaf Sampled in Interior Alaska Aspen Stands near Fairbanks from 2004 to 2022
The datasets contains annual counts of aspen leaf miner eggs, incipient mines, and egg scars (indicating egg predation) on aspen leaves over time. There are two files representing pilot data from 2004-2005 and data 2006-2022. The 2004-05 dataset does not include egg scars, indicaitive of egg removal, and therefore totals underestimate total oviposition. The 2006-2022 dataset does include egg scars and therefore can be used to estimate total oviposition per leaf.
Survey of aspen herbivory and aspen leaf miner (Phyllocnistis populiella) survival and abundance from 2006 to 2022
Leaf-level measurements of herbivory damage on quaking aspen caused by the aspen leaf miner (ALM) and externally-feeding herbivores, and ALM abundance and survival, from four sites near Fairbanks, Alaska over time.
Effect of the aspen leaf miner feeding damage on aspen leaf gas exchange and water relations from south-facing site on the University of Alaska Fairbanks campus: Fairbanks, Alaska 2018
This dataset addresses the effects of epidermal leaf mining by the aspen leaf miner (Phyllocnistis populiella) on the physiology and water relations of aspen leaves. The dataset contains measurements of gas exchange, water potential, water content, and delta13C of aspen leaves manipulated to bear leaf mining damage on the top (adaxial) leaf surface only, the bottom (abaxial) leaf surface only, or no mining damage.
Tree ring, leaf mining, climate, and remote sensing data from aspen leaf miner survey sites: III - Climate, leaf mining, and NDVI data
This dataset contiains annual site-level measurements from 2004 - 2015 of growing season climate moisture index ( GS CMI; summed CMI from May - September), average site level leaf mining, and mean July - August normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) derived from Landsat, GIMMS3g, MODIS Aqua, and MODIS Terra
Leaf miners (Acrocercops species) larvae performance on young leaves of Manilkara bidentata
Manilkara bidentata is attacked by a specialist leaf miner(Acrocercops sp.(microlepidoptera:gracillariidae). More than one larvae can be found per mine within a leaf. The purposes of this study is to determine the effect of group feeding for this species since larval density within a leaf vary from 1-14 larvae per mine (Angulo-Sandoval personal observation). This variation allows to determine the effect of larval density on the amount of leaf damage, larval survivorship and larval growth. Leaves with mines varied in area from 10 to 224 cm2 (mean = 85.7 cm2) and the number of larvae per leaf ranged from 1 to 14 (mean = 5.7 larvae/mine). There was no relation between the size of the leaf and the number of larvae found within the leaf. There was a relationship between the number of larvae in a blotch mine and amount of damaged tissue. Herbivory increases from approximately 10% for one larva per leaf to 50% in leaves with eight larvae. In leaves with more than eight larvae, herbivory decreased . There was an effect of initial larval density on percent larval survivorship.Survivorship was high (70%) in leaves with one to three larvae. In intermediate density (4-8 larvae per mine) 50% of larvae survived and in high densities (9 - 14 larvae per mine), only 22% survived. Even though there was a decrease in larvae number in high densities, the final number of larvae remained higher, compared with low or intermediate densities. A linear relationship was found between number of larvae present in the leaf and the time it took the larvae to complete their larval stage. Larvae in high density (> 9 larvae per mine) tended to develop faster (3-8 days) than larvae in low densities (5 - 10 days). Larval size upon emergence ranged from 8 to 12 mm (mean= 9.27) but there was no effect of larval density on the final larval size. The total number of surviving larvae varied according to the initial larval number and was highest in mines with eight individuals of which on average 4.7 su
Canopy opening increased leaf shredding arthropods and nutrient mineralization but not mass loss in a wet tropical forest
Canopy opening increased leaf shredding arthropods and nutrient mineralization but not mass loss in a wet tropical forest Support for this work was provided by grants BSR-8811902, DEB-9411973, DEB-9705814 , DEB-0080538, DEB-0218039 , DEB-0620910 , DEB-1239764, DEB-1546686, and DEB-1831952 from the National Science Foundation to the University of Puerto Rico as part of the Luquillo Long-Term Ecological Research Program. Additional support provided by the University of Puerto Rico and the International Institute of Tropical Forestry, USDA Forest Service.
Figure 3 in Intense inhabitation and relaxed host-leaf preference of aquatic chironomid leaf-miners in headwater streams in Asian lucidophyllous forests
Figure 3. Frequency distributions of unmined (open) and mined (solid) leaves among representative plant species. (Cs, Castanopsis sieboldii; Qg, Quercus glauca; Qm, Quercus miyagii; Mj, Machilus japonica; Mt, Machilus thunbergii; Mr, Myrica rubra; Ot, others.)
Figure 2 in Intense inhabitation and relaxed host-leaf preference of aquatic chironomid leaf-miners in headwater streams in Asian lucidophyllous forests
Figure 2. Habitats and leaf-mining habits of Stenochironomus okialbus. (A–B) headwater streams at S4 and S9; (C) submerged litter at S9; (D–F) leaf-mines; (G) a larva undulating in a mine; (H) a pupa; (I) head of a mining larva; (J–K) a female and a male adult midge. Plant species of the leaves: C, D, G, I: Castanopsis sieboldii; E, H: Dendropanax trifidus; E: Myrica rubra.
Fig. 5 in Phyllocnistis hemera sp. nov. (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae): a new species of leaf-miner associated with Daphnopsis fasciculata (Thymelaeaceae) in the Atlantic Forest
Fig. 5. Scanning electron micrographs of P. hemera spinning larva: (A, B) head, dorsal and ventral views; (C) spinneret, antero-lateral (arrow indicates functional aperture); (D) head, lateral; (E) detail of trophic lobe, dorsal; (F) prothoracic shield, dorsal; (G) prothoracic spiracle, lateral; (H) antenna, anterior; (I) meso- and metathoracic calli, ventral; (J) mesothoracic callus in detail (indicated by rectangle in I), ventral; (K) abdominal segments Ab 7-10, dorsal; (L) latero-sensillum indicated by arrow in K, dorsal; (M) abdominal segment Ab 7, ventral (arrow indicates one of the calli); (N) callus in detail, ventral (indicated by arrow in M); (O) last abdominal segment, ventral. Scale bars: 200 (A, B, D, E, K), 150 (C,F), 10 (G, N), 20 (H, L), 250 (I), 80 (J, O), 100 µm (M).
Fig. 3 in Phyllocnistis hemera sp. nov. (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae): a new species of leaf-miner associated with Daphnopsis fasciculata (Thymelaeaceae) in the Atlantic Forest
Fig. 3. Larval and pupal morphology of P. hemera under light microscopy: (A) sap-feeding larva, dorsal and ventral views; (B) spinning larva, dorsal and ventral; (C) pupa, dorsal, ventral and lateral, respectively. Scale bars: 500 µm.
Fig. 1 in Phyllocnistis hemera sp. nov. (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae): a new species of leaf-miner associated with Daphnopsis fasciculata (Thymelaeaceae) in the Atlantic Forest
Fig. 1. Adult of Phyllocnistis hemera, dorsal view: (A) wings spread, pinned and dried (LMCI 306-47); (B) wings folded, on Daphnopsis fasciculata leaf surface. Scale bars: 1 mm.
Fig. 6 in Phyllocnistis hemera sp. nov. (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae): a new species of leaf-miner associated with Daphnopsis fasciculata (Thymelaeaceae) in the Atlantic Forest
Fig. 6. Scanning electron micrographs of P.hemera pupa: (A) head, lateral view; (B) setae over clypeus, ventral; (C, D) cocoon-cutter, ventral and dorsal; (E) terga of abdominal segments Ab 3-4, dorsal; (F) detail of segment Ab 3, dorsal; (G) lateral seta with fine apex, adjacent to spiracle on abdominal segment Ab 4, dorsal; (H) lateral seta of Ab 7 with clavate apex, dorsal; (I) detail of tergum of Ab 3, lateral; (J–L) last abdominal segments, lateral, dorsal and ventral. Scale bars: 200 (A), 80 (B), 100 (C, D, G, K, L), 400 (E), 150 µm (F, H, I, J).
Fig. 2. P in Phyllocnistis hemera sp. nov. (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae): a new species of leaf-miner associated with Daphnopsis fasciculata (Thymelaeaceae) in the Atlantic Forest
Fig. 2. P. hemera genitalia under light microscopy: (A–D) male genitalia; (E–G) female genitalia. (A) apex of left valva, mesal view (LMCI 319-69); (B) left corema, ventral (LMCI 306-26); (C) male genitalia, ventral; (D) aedeagus, lateral (LMCI 306-36); (E) female genitalia, ventral; (F) female last abdominal segments, lateral (LMCI 306-49) with the ostium bursae indicated by arrow; (G) signum in detail, ventral (LMCI 306-49). Scale bars: 50 (A, B, D), 100 (C, F, G), 400 µm (E).
Climate-driven thermal opportunities and risks for leaf miners in aspen canopies
In tree canopies, incoming solar radiation interacts with leaves and branches to generate temperature differences within and among leaves, presenting thermal opportunities and risks for leaf-dwelling ectotherms. Although leaf biophysics and insect thermal ecology are well understood, few studies have examined them together in single systems. We examined temperature variability in aspen canopies, Populus tremuloides, and its consequences for a common herbivore, the leaf-mining caterpillar Phyllocnistis populiella. We shaded leaves in the field and measured effects on leaf temperature and larval growth and survival. We also estimated larval thermal performance curves for feeding and growth and measured upper lethal temperatures. Sunlit leaves directly facing the incoming rays reached the highest temperatures, typically 3 – 8 °C above ambient air temperature. Irradiance driven increases in temperatures, however, were transient enough that they did not alter observed growth rates of leaf miners. Incubator and ramping experiments suggested that larval performance peaks between 25 and 32 °C and declines to zero between 35 and 40 °C, depending on duration of temperature exposure. Upper lethal temperatures during one-hour heat shocks were 42 – 43 °C. When larvae were active in early spring, temperatures generally were low enough to depress rates of feeding and growth below their maxima, and only rarely did estimated mine temperatures rise beyond optimal temperatures. Observed leaf or mine temperatures never approached larval upper lethal temperatures. At this site during our experiments, larvae thus appeared to have a significant thermal safety margin; the more pressing problem was inadequate heat. Detailed information on mine temperatures and larval performance curves, however, allowed us to leverage long-term data sets on air temperature to estimate potential future shifts in performance and longer-term risks to larvae from lethally high temperatures. This analysis suggests that, in the past 20 years, larval performance has often been limited by cold and that the risk of heat stress has been low. Future warming will raise mean rates of feeding and growth but also the risk of exposure to injuriously or lethally high temperatures.
Figure 2 in Root deformation affects mineral nutrition but not leaf gas exchange and growth of Genipa americana seedlings during the recovery phase after soil flooding
Figure 2. Concentrations of P in leaves for G. americana seedlings without or with root deformation (RD) after 28 days of soil drainage (recovery). N = 3. Means followed by the same letter are not significantly different according to Tukey's test (p <0.05). Capital letters represent comparisons water effects within root conditions and lower case letters represent comparisons of roots effects within water conditions.
Figure 1 in Root deformation affects mineral nutrition but not leaf gas exchange and growth of Genipa americana seedlings during the recovery phase after soil flooding
Figure 1. Four months old seedlings of G. americana without (A) and with (B) root deformation (RD) caused by errors in the pricking out process, and a detail of the RD (C).
Figure 4 in The coffee leaf miner, Leucoptera coffeella (Lepidoptera: Lyonetiidae): identification of the larval instars and description of male and female genitalia
Figure 4 External morphological characteristics of coffee leaf minerLeucoptera coffeella larvae. (A) Dorsal view of the larva body of the first larval instar. Arrow indicates primary seta. (B) Chewing mouthpiece of the second larval instar. Arrow indicates spine. (C) Ventral view of the third larval instar. Arrows indicate prolegs without crochets. (D) Ventral view of the fourth larval instar.Arrows indicate prolegs with crochets. (E) Ventral view of crochets in the shape of uniordinal circle in a fourth instar larva.Arrow indicates crochet. (F) Cephalic capsule of the fourth larval instar. Arrow indicates ecdysial line.
Figure 6 in The coffee leaf miner, Leucoptera coffeella (Lepidoptera: Lyonetiidae): identification of the larval instars and description of male and female genitalia
Figure 6 Leucoptera coffeella last abdominal segments. (A) Male last abdominal segment in ventral view, with a white bipartite segment. (B) Female last abdominal segment in ventral view, with a white tubular shape.
Figure 2 in The coffee leaf miner, Leucoptera coffeella (Lepidoptera: Lyonetiidae): identification of the larval instars and description of male and female genitalia
Figure 2 Leucoptera coffeella life cycle phases. (A) Egg Stage. (B) Larval stage. (C) Pupa stage. (D) Adult.
Figure 7 in The coffee leaf miner, Leucoptera coffeella (Lepidoptera: Lyonetiidae): identification of the larval instars and description of male and female genitalia
Figure 7 Leucoptera coffeella, male genitalia. (A) Tergite 8, coremata, sternite 8 and ejaculatory bulb ventral view. (B) Valva ventral view. (C) Gnathos ventral view. (D) Aedeagus dorsal view. Arrow indicates apex of aedeagus. C = coremata, T8 = tergite 8, S8 = sternite 8, b.e. = bulbus ejaculatorius, v = valva, g = gnathos.
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Allen Brain Atlas
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