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41 results for “lizard behavior”
Acclimation to water restriction implies different paces for behavioral and physiological responses in a lizard species
<p>Raw data of the article "Acclimation to Water Restriction Implies Different Paces for Behavioral and Physiological Responses in a Lizard Species" by Rozen-Rechels D. et al., published in Physiological and Biochemical Zoology 93(2):160-174 in 2020 (https://doi.org/10.1086/707409). These data are freely available in csv format. See the readme file for metadata explanation.</p> <p>Data were formatted by the first author David Rozen-Rechels and collected according to standards and procedures described in the companion journal article.</p> <p> </p>
Nesting behavior of striped plateau lizards (Sceloporus virgatus) in a time of climate warming
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Fire-driven behavioral response to smoke in a Mediterranean lizard
<p>The evolutionary role of fire in animals has been poorly explored. Reptiles use sensory cues such as smell (chemoreception) to detect threats and flee. In Mediterranean ecosystems, fire is a threat faced by reptiles. We hypothesized that the Mediterranean lizard <i>Psammodromus algirus</i> recognizes the threat of fire by detecting the smoke, which triggers a behavioral response that enhances survival in fire-prone ecosystems. We predicted that lizards from fire-prone ecosystems will be more sensitive to fire stimulus than those from ecosystems that rarely burn. We conducted a terrarium experiment in which lizards from habitats with contrasted fire regimes (fire-prone vs. non-fire-prone) were exposed to smoke vs. control (false smoke) treatment. We found that in populations from fire-prone habitats, more lizards reacted to smoke, and their behavioral response was more intense than in lizard populations from non-fire-prone habitats. Our results suggest that an enhanced response to smoke may be adaptive in lizards from fire-prone ecosystems as it increases the chance for survival. We provide evidence that fire is likely an evolutionary driver shaping behavioral traits in lizard populations exposed to frequent wildfires. Understanding ecological and evolutionary processes shaping animal populations is relevant for species conservation in a changing fire regime world.</p>
Data from: Predator-driven behavioral shifts in a common lizard shape resource-flow from marine to terrestrial ecosystems
<p>We conducted a field experiment to assess foraging niche dynamics of semiarboreal brown anole lizards in the presence/absence of predatory ground-dwelling curly tailed lizards in a replicated set of island ecosystems. Data used in this study includes ecological infomration for the replicated islands of study (i.e. relative arthropod and seaweedabundances) together with phenotypic data of the lizards studied (body mass, size, body condition, as well as behavioral traits describing risk-taking behavior) as well as habitat use data and marine component of diet as a surrogate of the diet of these lizards. One year after experimental translocation, brown anoles exposed to these predators increased perch height and reduced consumption of marine-derived food resources. We also use this dataset to investigate if this foraging niche shift altered marine-to-terrestrial resource-flow dynamics and persisted in the diets of the first-generation offspring. Finally, we also assessed if lizards that displayed more risk-taking behaviors consumed more marine prey on islands with predators present.</p>
Sex- and state-dependent covariation of risk-averse and escape behavior in a widespread lizard
<p>Mounting evidence has show<span>n</span> that personality and behavioral syndromes have a substantial influence on <span>interspecific interactions</span> and <span>individual </span>fitness. However, the stability of <span>covariation among multiple behavioral traits involved in antipredator responses</span> <span>has seldom been tested</span>. Here, we <span>investigate whether </span>sex, <span>gravidity</span>, and parasit<span>e infestations influence</span> <span>the covariation</span> <span>between</span> <span>risk-aversion</span> <span>(hiding time within a refuge) </span>and <span>escape</span> <span>response (immobility, escape distance)</span> using a viviparous lizard<span>,</span> <em>Zootoca vivipara</em><span> as a model system. Our results</span> <span>demonstrated a correlation between risk-averse and escape behavior at the among-individual level, but </span>only <span>in</span> <span>gravid</span> females<span>. We found no significant correlations in either males or neonates</span>. <span>A striking result was the loss of the association in post-parturition females. </span>Th<span>is</span> <span>suggests</span> that the <span>'risk-averse</span> – <span>e</span>scape<span>'</span> syndrome <span>is ephemeral and only emerges in response to constraints on locomotion driven by reproductive burden.</span> <span>Moreover</span>, parasites have the potential to disassociate the<span> correlations between</span> <span>risk-aversion and </span>escape <span>response</span> in <span>gravid</span> females, <span>yet the causal chain requires further examination</span>. <span>Overall, o</span>ur findings provide evidence of differences in the association <span>between</span> <span>behaviors within the life-time of an individual</span> and <span>indicate</span> that <span>individual states, sex and life stages can together</span> influence the stability of behavioral syndromes.</p>
Data for: Compensating for a stressful pregnancy? Glucocorticoid treatment during gravidity reduces metabolic rate in female fence lizards post-parturition (In press: Hormones and Behavior)
<p>This dataset accompanies the paper "Compensating for a stressful pregnancy? Glucocorticoid treatment during gravidity reduces metabolic rate in female fence lizards post-parturition" (In press: Hormones and Behavior). A READ_ME/metadata explanation is available in Sheet 1. Address any queries to Dr. K. MacLeod, kirstyjmacleod@gmail.com.</p> <p>Abstract: Reproduction is a critical part of an animal’s life history, but one which incurs significant costs to survival and future reproductive potential. These physiological consequences are likely to be influenced by context – for example, if an individual is subject to environmental stressors, physiological and behavioral changes associated with reproduction may be altered. Glucocorticoids, hormones produced as part of the physiological response to stressors, may alter how reproduction affects female physiology and behavior, and therefore the outcomes of reproductive trade-offs. Glucocorticoids prioritize immediate survival over reproduction, for example through changes in immune function, metabolic rate, and foraging, which may reduce energy expenditure or increase energy gain. However, we previously found that female eastern fence lizards (<em>Sceloporus undulatus</em>) experiencing elevated glucocorticoid levels during gestation were nevertheless able to maintain reproductive output and body condition. Here we investigate compensatory mechanisms by which eastern fence lizard females may maintain reproduction under experimental increases in a glucocorticoid, corticosterone (CORT). We found that, although CORT-treated females had similar immune function and behavior, they had reduced metabolic rates 3-5 days post-parturition compared to control females. Given that CORT-treated females spent a similar time basking and had equal food intake compared to control females, we suggest that the reduced metabolic rate is a mechanism by which CORT-treated females maintain their energy balance and reduce the energetic costs of gestation during periods of stress. This study suggests that physiological responses to reproduction may be context-dependent and could act to minimize costs of reproduction in situations where CORT is elevated (such as during periods of environmental stress). </p>
Thermoregulatory behavior varies with altitude and season in the sceloporine Mesquite lizard.
<p>In ectothermic vertebrates, body temperature is the factor that most affects physiology and behavior. Most ectotherms show limited physiological control of body temperature, so they use behavioral strategies to regulate and maintain a constant temperature within a range. The variation of environmental temperature due to altitude and seasonality could have a great impact on the regulation of body temperature in lizards, even more so in elevation gradients, in which environmental temperature decreases with elevation.</p> <p>We chose three populations of the lizard Sceloporus grammicus that inhabit along an altitudinal gradient at 2500, 3400, and 4100 m and compared some seasonal (spring, summer, and autumn) thermal traits:</p> <p>1. Body temperature in the field when the lizards were active<br> 2. The relationship between body, air, and substrate temperatures where they were first observed<br> 3. The temperature that they selected in a thermal gradient in laboratory conditions<br> 4. The precision of thermoregulation, the thermal quality of the environment, the effectiveness of thermoregulation, and the Blouin-Demers index<br> 5. The ambient temperatures available during the period of activity (Operative temperature)</p> <p>Thus, our data suggest that the thermal quality of the environment is low at higher altitudes and in summer, while lizards are capable of modifying their body temperature when they are active in the field and the temperature they select in the laboratory due to the effect of altitude and of the season, according to the requirements they have in each part of the year.</p>
Data from: Behavioral threat and appeasement signals take precedence over static colors in lizard contests
<p>The interplay between morphological (structures) and behavioral (acts) signals in contest assessment is still poorly understood. During contests, males of the common wall lizard (<em>Podarcis muralis</em>) display both morphological (i.e. static color patches) and behavioral (i.e. raised-body display, foot shakes) traits. We set out to evaluate the role of these putative signals in determining the outcome and intensity of contests by recording agonistic behavior in ten mesocosm enclosures. We find that contests are typically won by males with relatively more black coloration, which are also more aggressive. However, black coloration does not seem to play a role in rival assessment, and behavioral traits are stronger predictors of contest outcome and winner aggression than prior experience, morphology, and coloration. Contest intensity is mainly driven by resource- and self-assessment, with males probably using behavioral threat (raised-body displays) and de-escalation signals (foot shakes) to communicate their willingness to engage/persist in a fight. Our results agree with the view that agonistic signals used during contests are not associated with mutual evaluation of developmentally-fixed attributes, and instead animals monitor each other to ensure that their motivation is matched by their rival. We emphasize the importance of testing the effect of signals on receiver behavior and discuss that social recognition in territorial species may select receivers to neglect potential morphological signals conveying static information on sex, age, or intrinsic quality.</p>
Data from: Effects of food intake and hydration state on behavioral thermoregulation and locomotor activity in the tropidurid lizard Tropidurus catalanensis
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Data from: Fear no colors? Observer clothing color influences lizard escape behavior
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Data from: Volatile fatty acid and aldehyde abundances evolve with behavior and habitat temperature in Sceloporus lizards
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Data from: Homing behavior of a tree lizard: influences of mating resource and habitat structure
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Data from: Behavioral threat and appeasement signals take precedence over static colors in lizard contests
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Sex- and state-dependent covariation of risk-averse and escape behavior in a widespread lizard
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Data from: Feeding impacts thermoregulatory behavior and consistency across day and night in a diurnal lizard
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Data from: Predator-driven behavioral shifts in a common lizard shape resource-flow from marine to terrestrial ecosystems
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Fire-driven behavioral response to smoke in a Mediterranean lizard
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Data from: Predator-driven natural selection on risk-taking behavior in anole lizards
Biologists have long debated the role of behavior in evolution, yet understanding of its role as a driver of adaptation is hampered by the scarcity of experimental studies of natural selection on behavior in nature. After showing that individual Anolis sagrei lizards vary consistently in risk-taking behaviors, we experimentally established populations on eight small islands either with or without Leiocephalus carinatus, a major ground predator. We found that selection predictably favors different risk-taking behaviors under different treatments: Exploratory behavior is favored in the absence of predators, whereas avoidance of the ground is favored in their presence. On predator islands, selection on behavior is stronger than selection on morphology, whereas the opposite holds on islands without predators. Our field experiment demonstrates that selection can shape behavioral traits, paving the way toward adaptation to varying environmental contexts.
Data from: Comparisons of behavioral and TRPA1 heat sensitivities in three sympatric Cuban Anolis lizards
Thermal tolerances of organisms play a role in defining geographic ranges and occurrence of species. In Cuba, three sympatric species of Anolis lizards (Anolis allogus, Anolis homolechis, and Anolis sagrei) inhabit different thermal microhabitats. A previous study found that these species showed distinct gene expression patterns in response to temperature stimuli, suggesting the genetically distinct thermal physiology among species. To investigate whether the Anolis species inhabiting locally distinct thermal habitats diverge their thermal tolerances, we first conducted behavioral experiments to analyze the temperatures at which the three Anolis species escape from heat source. Then, for each of the three species, we isolated cDNA encoding a putative molecular heat sensor, transient receptor potential ion channel ankyrin 1 (TRPA1), which has been suggested to play a role on eliciting behavioral responses to heat stimuli. We performed electrophysiological analysis to quantify activation temperature of Anolis TRPA1 to see whether the pattern of divergence in TRPA1 responses is congruent with that of divergence in behavioral responses. We found that temperatures triggering behavioral and TRPA1 responses were significantly lower for shade-dwelling species (A. allogus) than for sun-dwelling species (A. homolechis and A. sagrei). The ambient temperature of shade habitats where A. allogus occurs stays relatively cool compared to that of open habitats where A. homolechis and A. sagrei occur and bask. The high temperature thresholds of A. homolechis and A. sagrei may reflect their heat tolerances that would benefit these species to inhabit the open habitats.
Data from: Quantification of correlational selection on thermal physiology, thermoregulatory behavior and energy metabolism in lizards
Phenotypic selection is widely accepted as the primary cause of adaptive evolution in natural populations, but selection on complex functional properties linking physiology, behavior, and morphology has been rarely quantified. In ectotherms, correlational selection on thermal physiology, thermoregulatory behavior, and energy metabolism is of special interest because of their potential coadaptation. We quantified phenotypic selection on thermal sensitivity of locomotor performance (sprint speed), thermal preferences, and resting metabolic rate in captive populations of an ectothermic vertebrate, the common lizard, Zootoca vivipara. No correlational selection between thermal sensitivity of performance, thermoregulatory behavior, and energy metabolism was found. A combination of high body mass and resting metabolic rate was positively correlated with survival and negatively correlated with fecundity. Thus, different mechanisms underlie selection on metabolism in lizards with small body mass than in lizards with high body mass. In addition, lizards that selected the near average preferred body temperature grew faster that their congeners. This is one of the few studies that quantifies significant correlational selection on a proxy of energy expenditure and stabilizing selection on thermoregulatory behavior.
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