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opencc-by-4.0Mar 2023View details →

Impact of vaccinations, boosters and lockdowns on COVID-19 waves in French Polynesia

COVID-19 case, hospitalisation, death, seroprevalence, vaccination and population data, and age-dependent contact rate, severe burden risk and vaccine effectiveness parameter estimates, required to fit model and run simulations in article "Impact of vaccinations, boosters and lockdowns on COVID-19 waves in French Polynesia"

opencc-by-4.0Oct 2021View details →

Investigating the effects of COVID‑19 lockdown on Italian children and adolescents with and without neurodevelopmental disorders: a cross‑sectional study - DATASET

Dataset to support the findings in the journal paper titled "Investigating the effects of COVID‑19 lockdown on Italian children and adolescents with and without neurodevelopmental disorders: a cross‑sectional study". Each row is a different subject. Each column represents an answer to the questionnaire. For single choice questions, the answer was reported as-is (Italian). For multiple choice questions, the alternatives where splitted in several columns and the answer was coded as 0/1 (one hot encoding). For the "school" column, 2=primary school, 3=middle school, 4=high school. For the "school.class" column, classes from 4 to 8 belong to primary school, from first to fifth grade; classes from 9 to 11 belong to middle school, from first to third grade; classes from 12 to 16 belong to high school, from first to fifth grade.

opencc-by-4.0Mar 2022View details →

Data from: Elevated fires during COVID-19 lockdown and the vulnerability of protected areas

Related article: Johanna Eklund, Julia P G Jones, Matti Räsänen, Jonas Geldmann, Ari-Pekka Jokinen, Adam Pellegrini, Domoina Rakotobe, O. Sarobidy Rakotonarivo, Tuuli Toivonen, and Andrew Balmford. Elevated fires during COVID-19 lockdown and the vulnerability of protected areas. Nature Sustainability (2022) https://doi.org/10.1038/s41893-022-00884-x. In this dataset: This dataset contains information about monthly fire incidence and precipitation for the protected areas of Madagascar from January 2012 to December 2020. The fire data is sourced from NASA’s Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) 375 m active fire product and the precipitation data from the Global Precipitation Measurement (GPM) mission (for years 2016-2020) and its predecessor The Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) (for years 2011-2015) at spatial resolution 10 km. The fire and precipitation data was overlayed with the protected area polygons of the June 2020 release of the World Database of Protected Areas. For sources and more details on how the data was compiled see the related article. The data can be used to inspect temporal dynamics of wildfires inside protected areas and for informing adaptive protected area management and planning. Please cite this dataset as: Johanna Eklund, Julia P G Jones, Matti Räsänen, Jonas Geldmann, Ari-Pekka Jokinen, Adam Pellegrini, Domoina Rakotobe, O. Sarobidy Rakotonarivo, Tuuli Toivonen, and Andrew Balmford. Elevated fires during COVID-19 lockdown and the vulnerability of protected areas. Nature Sustainability (2022) https://doi.org/10.1038/s41893-022-00884-x. Column names NAME: Name of protected area Fires_sum: Number of observed fires (VIIRS) Month: Month Year: Year Precipitation: Precipitation (mm) Plag_1:Plag_12: Precipitation during previous month; 2 months ago; 3 months ago…12 months ago YEAR_CREAT: Year of establishment of protected area Biome: Biome REP_AREA: Area of protected area (km2) Fires_per_km2: Fires per km2 Prec_acc_12m: Accumulated precipitation during the last 12 months fBiome: Biome as factor fNAME: Name as factor sPrecipitation: Precipitation (scaled; see Methods section of article) sPlag_1: Precipitation in previous month (scaled; see Methods section of article) sPrec_acc_12m: Accumulated precipitation during the last 12 months (scaled; see Methods section of article) Pred_Zinb_1a: Predicted fires (see Methods section of article) Diff_Zinb_1a: Difference: Observed fires - predicted fires Year_pred: Year for prediction License Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International.

opencc-by-4.0Mar 2022View details →

Pollinator-flower interactions in gardens during the COVID-19 pandemic lockdown of 2020

During the main COVID-19 pandemic lockdown period of 2020 an impromptu set of pollination ecologists came together via social media and personal contacts to carry out standardised surveys of the flower visits and plants in their gardens. The surveys involved 67 rural, suburban and urban gardens, of various sizes, ranging from 61.18o North in Norway to 37.96o South in Australia and resulted in a data set of 25,174 rows long and comprising almost 47,000 visits to flowers, as well as records of plants that were not visited by pollinators. In this first publication from the project we present a brief description of the data and make it freely available for any researchers to use in the future, the only restriction being that they cite this paper in the first instance. As well as producing a data set that we hope will be widely used in the future, the project helped enormously with the health and mental wellbeing of the participants, a by-product of ecological field work that cannot be over-estimated.

opencc-byAug 2020View details →

Supplementary Material - Maritime Cargo Prioritisation during a prolonged pandemic lockdown using an integrated TOPSIS-Knapsack technique

Supplementary Material - Maritime Cargo Prioritisation during a prolonged pandemic lockdown using an integrated TOPSIS-Knapsack technique: A Case Study on Small Island Developing States – the Rodrigues Island Results and Sensitivity analysis

opencc-by-4.0Sep 2020View details →

Effects of COVID-19 lockdown on heart rate variability

Introduction: Strict lockdown rules were imposed to the French population from 17 March to 11 May 2020, which may result in limited possibilities of physical activity, modified psychological and health states. This report is focused on HRV parameters kinetics before, during and after this lockdown period. Methods: 95 participants were included in this study (27 women, 68 men, 37 ± 11 years, 176 ± 8 cm, 71 ± 12 kg), who underwent regular orthostatic tests (a 5-minute supine followed by a 5-minute standing recording of heart rate (HR)) on a regular basis before (BSL), during (CFN) and after (RCV) the lockdown. HR, power in low- and high-frequency bands (LF, HF, respectively) and root mean square of the successive differences (RMSSD) were computed for each orthostatic test, and for each position. Subjective well-being was assessed on a 0-10 visual analogic scale (VAS). The participants were split in two groups, those who reported an improved well-being (WB+, increase >2 in VAS score) and those who did not (WB-) during CFN. Results: Out of the 95 participants, 19 were classified WB+ and 76 WB-. There was an increase in HR and a decrease in RMSSD when measured supine in CFN and RCV, compared to BSL in WB-, whilst opposite results were found in WB+ (i.e. decrease in HR and increase in RMSSD in CFN and RCV; increase in LF and HF in RCV). When pooling data of the three phases, there was a moderate significant correlation between VAS and HR, RMSSD, HF, respectively, in the supine position; the higher the VAS score (i.e., subjective well-being), the higher the RMSSD and HF and the lower the HR. In standing position, HRV parameters were not modified during CFN. Conclusion: Our results suggest that the strict COVID-19 lockdown likely had opposite effects on French population as 20% of participants improved parasympathetic activation (RMSSD, HF) and rated positively this period, whilst 80% showed altered responses and deteriorated well-being.  The changes in HRV parameters during and after the lockdown period were in line with subjective well-being responses. The observed recordings may reflect a large variety of responses (anxiety, anticipatory stress, change on physical activity…) beyond the scope of the present study. However, these results confirmed the usefulness of HRV as a non-invasive means for monitoring well-being and health in the general population.

opencc-zeroMar 2024View details →

Data from: Maps made with smartphones highlight lower noise pollution during COVID-19 pandemic lockdown at four locations in Boston

Noise pollution in cities has major negative effects on the health of both humans and wildlife. Using iPhones, we collected sound-level data at hundreds of locations in four areas of Boston, Massachusetts (USA) before, during, and after the fall 2020 pandemic lockdown, during which most people were required to remain at home. These spatially dispersed measurements allowed us to make detailed maps of noise pollution that are not possible when using standard fixed sound equipment. The four sites were: the Boston University campus (which sits between two highways), the Fenway/Longwood area (which includes an urban park and several hospitals), Harvard Square (home of Harvard University), and East Boston (a residential area near Logan Airport). Across all four sites, sound levels averaged 6.4 dB lower during the pandemic lockdown than after. Fewer high noise measurements occurred during lockdown as well. The resulting sound maps highlight noisy locations such as traffic intersections and quiet locations such as parks. This project demonstrates that changes in human activity can reduce noise pollution and that simple smartphone technology can be used to make highly detailed maps of noise pollution that identify sources of high sound levels potentially harmful to humans in urban environments.

opencc-zeroDec 2021View details →

Data from: Human impacts on mammals in and around a protected area before, during, and after COVID‐19 lockdowns

The dual-mandate for many protected areas (PAs) to simultaneously promote recreation and conserve biodiversity may be hampered by negative effects of recreation on wildlife. However, reports of these effects are not consistent, presenting a knowledge gap that hinders evidence-based decision-making. We used camera traps to monitor human activity and terrestrial mammals in Golden Ears Provincial Park and the adjacent Malcolm Knapp Research Forest near Vancouver, Canada, with the objective of discerning relative effects of various forms of recreation on cougars (Puma concolor), black bears (Ursus americanus), black-tailed deer (Odocoileus hemionus), snowshoe hares (Lepus americanus), coyotes (Canis latrans), and bobcats (Lynx rufus). Additionally, public closures of the study area associated with the COVD-19 pandemic offered an unprecedented period of human-exclusion through which to explore these effects. Using Bayesian generalized mixed-effects models, we detected negative effects of hikers (mean posterior estimate = -0.58, 95% credible interval (CI) -1.09 to -0.12) on weekly bobcat habitat use and negative effects of motorized vehicles (estimate = -0.28, 95% CI -0.61 to -0.05) on weekly black bear habitat use. We also found increased cougar detection rates in the PA during the COVID-19 closure (estimate = 0.007, 95% CI 0.005 to 0.009), but decreased cougar detection rates (estimate = -0.006, 95% CI -0.009 to -0.003) and increased black-tailed deer detection rates (estimate = 0.014, 95% CI 0.002 to 0.026) upon reopening of the PA. Our results emphasize that effects of human activity on wildlife habitat use and movement may be species- and/or activity-dependent, and that camera traps can be an invaluable tool for monitoring both wildlife and human activity, collecting data even when public access is barred. Further, we encourage PA managers seeking to promote both biodiversity conservation and recreation to assess trade-offs between these two goals in their PAs.

opencc-by-4.0Feb 2023View details →

Figure 3 in Diversity rhythm in pontellid copepods (Pontellidae: Copepoda) from the Covelong coast pre- and post-COVID-19 lockdown, Bay of Bengal

Figure 3. Correlation between physicochemical parameters in (a) prelockdown period and (b) postlockdown period (shades of brown indicate the coefficient towards –1 and shades of blue indicate the coefficients towards +1).

opencc-by-4.0Feb 2023View details →

Figure 4 in Diversity rhythm in pontellid copepods (Pontellidae: Copepoda) from the Covelong coast pre- and post-COVID-19 lockdown, Bay of Bengal

Figure 4. RDA (redundancy analysis) of pontellid copepods and physicochemical parameters in (a) prelockdown period and (b) postlockdown period.

opencc-by-4.0Feb 2023View details →

Figure 2 in Diversity rhythm in pontellid copepods (Pontellidae: Copepoda) from the Covelong coast pre- and post-COVID-19 lockdown, Bay of Bengal

Figure 2. Comparison between physicochemical parameters observed during prelockdown and postlockdown period: (a) temperature, (b) dissolved oxygen, (c) total pontellid density, (d) nitrite, (e) phosphate, (f) ammonia.

opencc-by-4.0Jul 2021View details →

COVID-19's lockdown and time allocation in Russian households

The database contains the survey on the changes of gender time allocation during two waves of the coronavirus lockdown (self-isolative restrictions) in Russia. Self-isolation included shift to remote work and study, the closure of childcare facilities, restrictions of mobility, etc.   Sample information The survey was conducted on Yandex.Survey platform. The first wave was conducted on 22-23 th of May, 2020, after 2 months of the beginning of first lockdown. The second wave took place on 17-19th of November, 2020 after 1 month of the second lockdown’start. Data was collected via online service Yandex.Survey. The platform offers a service for conducting an online survey among 50 million users of the Yandex advertising network with the ability to make a random sample, including a sample by demographic, geographic and some socio-economic characteristics. The respondents were women of predominantly working/reproductive age (15-55) from Russia. 1411 women took part in the first wave and 1408 in the second. After cleaning data and removing outliers 2795 respondents left. The coincidence of the distributions with the general population in terms of the main parameters (age, size of the settlement, employment, household composition) is satisfactory. The observed (insignificant) deviations are as follows: the proportion of women aged 30-43, living in cities with a population over one million has increased; decreased - at the age of 50-54 years, living in settlements with a population of less than 100 thousand people working in agriculture.   The female respondents were asked if they spend more or less time household chores and care, including: cleaning, cooking, laundry, shopping, management, child care, other care or nothing. If a woman marked, that she is living with a partner during the lockdown, she was also asked if her partner spends more or less time on each chore. The survey also includes questions concerning the occupation type (work, work and study, study, child care leave, doesn’t work), if a woman works (or works and studies), how the lockdown effected on her job: shift to remote work, fired, paid leave, unpaid leave, no income on restrictions, continues in-person work, and if a woman lives with a partner the same question was asked considering his work on the lockdown. Further, occupational features were divided into three: income (or husband’s income) means that a woman (or her partner) has her income on the lockdown which includes remote work, in person work, paid leave; gotowork means a woman (in her partner’s case – husb_gotowork) continues in person work; and distant if a woman is working online (husb_distant for her partner). Further, we asked whether a woman has an experience of remote work: no, and it is impossible, no, but it is possible, yes. We also asked about the size and type of her employer (small, medium, large firm or state firm). The next set of questions considers who a woman is living with on self isolation: alone, children, partner, parents, parents-in-law, others. At last, we asked respondents age, number of children and the age of the youngest child (if the number of children >0).   The database’ structure Survey's wave variables Social and demographic variables age of female respondent size of the city number of children the age of the youngest child age at last birth woman lives with her husband woman lives with children woman lives with children over 18 years old woman lives with her parents woman lives with her husband's parents woman lives alone woman lives with someone else type of activity how the lockdown effected female occupation field of employment type of enterprise where woman works (or does not) there is wife's income in household how the lockdown effected her husband's occupation there is husband's income in household woman's work experience at a remote location woman has remote work in the period of lockdown her husband has remote work in the period of  lockdown her husband has out of home work in the period of  lockdown woman has out of home work in the period of  lockdown her husband is fired or doesn't have income temporarily because of the lockdown her husband was fired because of the lockdown Time use variables: the changes in lockdown WOMAN MORE childcare care cleaning cooking laundry shopping management nothing WOMAN LESS childcare care cleaning cooking laundry shopping management nothing HER HUSBAND MORE childcare care cleaning cooking laundry shopping management nothing HER HUSBAND LESS childcare care cleaning cooking laundry shopping management nothing TOGETHER MORE childcare care cleaning cooking laundry shopping management nothing TOGETHER LESS childcare care cleaning cooking laundry shopping management nothing INSTEAD MORE childcare care cleaning cooking laundry shopping management nothing INSTEAD LESS childcare care cleaning cooking laundry shopping management nothing There are English and Russian versions of variables’ description. During exploratory data analysis we introduced features instead or together. These new features are restricted to answers of women who live with partners. Whether a woman marks that she spends less(more) time on the chore and her husband spends more(less) time on that exact type of chore, that means he does it instead of his wife. Whether both a woman and her partner spend more (less) time one the chore, it means they do it together. The variable “type of enterprise” was built on the criteria of credibility and stability during the corona-crisis from a small to a state firm (small, medium, large, state firm). Small and medium enterprises were hit the most by the pandemic (http://doklad.ombudsmanbiz.ru/2020/7.pdf), whether large and especially state firms had more resources to maintain employment and payments.

openother-openAug 2021View details →

A suburban soundscape reveals altered acoustic dynamics during COVID-19 lockdown

Abstract The 2020 COVID-19 pandemic and resulting national and international movement restrictions provide a unique opportunity to investigate the consequences of changing anthropogenic noise regimes on animal communities and soundscapes. Here I use this lockdown period as a natural experiment to investigate changes to soundscape intensity, structure, and dynamics during restricted human activity (lockdown) in suburban Nottingham, UK. Using 11 common acoustic indices, I tested for differences in the richness and evenness of the soundscape during COVID-19 lockdown, and I measured changes in soundscape dynamics by comparing the temporal variability of acoustic indices during versus after lockdown. Regardless of how the soundscape was summarised, there were significant differences in the intensity, evenness, and temporal variability of the soundscape during COVID-19 lockdown, principally driven by changes to anthropogenic noise. I recorded a shift away from a dominance of anthropophony towards more intense biological sounds during lockdown, and the lockdown soundscape was generally more even, particularly because of changes to the magnitude of the diurnal cycle. These preliminary results from a mass human confinement experiment provide an early glimpse into how suburban soundscapes are impacted by noise pollution. In time, globally distributed longer-term monitoring efforts will reveal the generality of these findings, facilitating a mechanistic understanding of the impacts of anthropogenic noise on the world’s natural and human-dominated soundscapes. Methods The dataset contains standardised acoustic index values for 11 commonly used acoustic indices, based on AudioMoth recordings taken during two periods around the COVID-19 lockdown (May 2020) and after restrictions had been lifted (Oct 2020) in suburban Nottingham, UK. I analysed the difference in acoustic index values during versus after the lockdown and compared their temporal variability using standardised effect sizes for the difference between these two time periods. I did this on the whole dataset and on several hourly subsets of the dataset (see the manuscript for further details).  Usage notes See readme file for further details and main manuscript for descriptions of data.

opencc-zeroNov 2022View details →

Face processing in the infant brain after pandemic lockdown

The role of visual experience in the development of face processing has long been debated. We present a new angle on this question through a serendipitous study that cannot easily be repeated. Infants viewed short blocks of faces during fMRI in a repetition suppression task. The same identity was presented multiple times in half of the blocks (Repeat condition) and different identities were presented once each in the other half (Novel condition). In adults, the fusiform face area (FFA) tends to show greater neural activity for Novel vs. Repeat blocks in such designs, suggesting that it can distinguish same vs. different face identities. As part of an ongoing study, we collected data before the COVID-19 pandemic and after an initial local lockdown was lifted. The resulting sample of 12 infants (9–24 months) was divided equally into pre-and post-lockdown groups with matching ages and data quantity/quality. The groups had strikingly different FFA responses: pre-lockdown infants showed repetition suppression (Novel > Repeat), whereas post-lockdown infants showed the opposite (Repeat > Novel), often referred to as repetition enhancement. These findings provide speculative evidence that altered visual experience during the lockdown, or other correlated environmental changes, may have affected face processing in the infant brain.

opencc-zeroDec 2022View details →

Behavioral responses of terrestrial mammals to COVID-19 lockdowns

COVID-19 lockdowns in early 2020 reduced human mobility, providing an opportunity to disentangle its effects on animals from those of landscape modifications. Using GPS data, we compared movements and road avoidance of 2300 terrestrial mammals (43 species) during the lockdowns to the same period in 2019. Individual responses were variable, with no change in average movements or road avoidance behavior, likely due to variable lockdown conditions. However, under strict lockdowns, 10-day 95th percentile displacements increased by 73%, suggesting increased landscape permeability. Animals' 1-hour 95th percentile displacements declined by 12%, and animals were 36% closer to roads in areas of high human footprint, indicating reduced avoidance during lockdowns. Overall, lockdowns rapidly altered some spatial behaviors, highlighting variable but substantial impacts of human mobility on wildlife worldwide.

opencc-by-4.0Mar 2023View details →

Comparison of children's physical activity profiles before and after COVID-19 lockdowns - dataset

This dataset represents a subset of the Active-6 data used to produce the children's activity profiles reported in the manuscript 'Comparison of children's physical activity profiles before and after COVID-19 lockdowns: a latent profile analysis'. Included in this repository is the dataset and a data dictionary. This dataset has been made available so that future researchers can replicate the study findings using the data. If you wish to use the data for any purpose other than replicating the study findings, please contact the Principal Investigator Professor Russ Jago (russ.jago@bristol.ac.uk) to discuss this.

publicJun 2023View details →

Behavioral responses of terrestrial mammals to COVID-19 lockdowns

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publicJun 2022View details →

Data from: Human impacts on mammals in and around a protected area before, during, and after COVID‐19 lockdowns

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