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19 results for “malathion”
Synergistic impacts of malathion and predatory stress on six species of North American tadpoles.
The decline of many amphibian populations is associated with pesticides, but for most pesticides we know little about their toxicity to amphibians. Malathion is a classic example; it is sprayed over aquatic habitats to control mosquitoes that carry malaria and the West Nile virus, yet we know little about its effect on amphibians. I examined the survival of six species of tadpoles (wood frogs, Rana sylvatica; leopard frogs, R. pipiens; green frogs, R. clamitans; bullfrogs, R. catesbeiana; American toads, Bufo americanus; and gray tree frogs, Hyla versicolor) for 16 d in the presence or absence of predatory stress and six concentrations of malathion. Malathion was moderately toxic to all species of tadpoles (median lethal concentration [LC50] values, the concentration estimated to kill 50% of a test population, ranged from 1.25–5.9 mg/L). These values are within the range of values reported for the few amphibians that have been tested (0.2–42 mg/L). In one of the six species, malathion became twice as lethal when combined with predatory stress. Similar synergistic interactions have been found with the insecticide carbaryl, suggesting that the synergy may occur in many carbamate and organophosphate insecticides. While malathion has the potential to kill amphibians and its presence is correlated with habitats containing declining populations, its actual role in amphibian declines is uncertain given the relatively low concentration in aquatic habitats.
Figure 1 in Integrative analysis in toxicological assessment of the insecticide Malathion in Allium cepa L. system
Figure 1. Rates of alterations found for Allium cepa cells exposed for 48h to distilled water (H O – negative control), 0.5 mg mL-1, 2 d 1.0 mg mL-1 of Malathion and methyl methanesulfonate (MMS – positive control), concerning: (A) anaphase bridge; (B) chromosome loss; (C) chromosome delay; (D) micronuclei index. KW-H = results of Kruskal-Wallis test and p = value of the statistical probability. Letters on the error bars indicate the result of the statistical Mann-Whitney U test.
Figure 3 in Integrative analysis in toxicological assessment of the insecticide Malathion in Allium cepa L. system
Figure 3. Discriminant canonical function, showing the distribution of the centroids e of the groups of the different treatments; 1: treatment submitted to distilled water; 4: positive control with MMS; 2 and 3: groups exposed to Malathion, for 0.5 e 1.0 mg mL-1 concentrations, respectively.
Figure 2 in Integrative analysis in toxicological assessment of the insecticide Malathion in Allium cepa L. system
Figure 2. Mitotic index at the radicular meristematic region of Allium cepa cells, after exposure for 48 hours to distilled water (H Od – negative control), 0.5 mg mL-1, 1.0 mg mL-1 of Malathion 2 and methyl methanesulfonate (MMS – positive control). KW-H = results of Kruskal-Wallis test and p = value of the statistical probability. Letters on the error bars indicate the result of the statistical Mann-Whitney U test.
Fig. 1 in Toxicities and residual effects of toxic baits containing spinosad or malathion to control the adult Anastrepha fraterculus (Diptera: Tephritidae)
Fig. 1. The mortality of Anastrepha fraterculus adult afer 1, 3, 5 and 7 days of exposure to toxic baits. (Vertical bars indicate the standard error of the mean). Mortality was calculated by the formula of Schneider-Orelli (1947).
Fig. 2 in Toxicity of malathion and spinosad to Bactrocera zonata and Ceratitis capitata (Diptera: Tephritidae)
Fig. 2. Mortality (± SE) of Ceratitis capitata (Medfly) and Bactrocera zonata (PFF) following 2 h of exposure to glass slides with 3 µL drops of Buminal bait containing various doses (ppm) of malathion 1,040 (A) and of hydrolyzed yeast bait containing various doses of malathion 50 (B).
Fig. 4 in Toxicity of malathion and spinosad to Bactrocera zonata and Ceratitis capitata (Diptera: Tephritidae)
Fig. 4. Mortality (± SE) and consumption (drops per fly; ± SE) of 3 µL drops of Success bait (1% GF-120 with 10% sucrose) containing various doses of spinosad on glass slides among Bactrocera zonata following 2 h of exposure.
Fig. 1 in Toxicity of malathion and spinosad to Bactrocera zonata and Ceratitis capitata (Diptera: Tephritidae)
Fig. 1. Mean (± SE) consumption rate (drops per fly) of Bactrocera zonata exposed to drops of 10% sucrose with Buminal (A); GF-120 (B); and hydrolyzed yeast (C). The flies had access to the drops for 2 h and consumption was evaluated by observation. Statistical analysis was performed separately for each bait. Means labeled with different letters are significantly different from each an- other (Tukey HSD test, P = 0.05).
Fig. 1 in Identification of thrips species and resistance of Frankliniella occidentalis (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) to malathion, spinosad, and bifenthrin in blackberry crops
Fig. 1. Phylogenetic consensus tree resulting from Bayesian inference based on COI mitochondrial DNA partial sequences showing the relationship of 11 thrips samples collected from commercial blackberry plots in Michoacán and Jalisco, Mexico. The sample numbers correspond to Ziracuaretiro (24, 58, 8, 7, 6, 1, and 63), Tacámbaro (16), Los Reyes de Salgado (12 and 9), and Mazamitla (23). Reference sequences from the different Frankliniella occidentalis haplotypes were downloaded from GenBank.
Safety and Tolerability of a Novel Malathion Formulation in Children Age 6-24 Months With Head Lice
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT00752973. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.
Efficacy, Safety and Tolerability of a Novel Malathion Formulation in Patients 2 Years and Older With Head Lice
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT00963508. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.
Efficacy, Safety and Tolerability of a Novel Malathion Formulation in Patients 2 Years and Older With Head Lice
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT00927472. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.
Pharmacokinetics of Malathion Gel 0.5% and Malathion 0.5% Lotion (Ovide) in Patients With Head Lice
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT00927407. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.
Transcriptome profiling reveals potential key genes involved in metabolic resistance to malathion in Southern house mosquito, Culex quinquefasciatus
GEO Series GSE206489. Culex quinquefasciatus. 20 samples. Type: Expression profiling by high throughput sequencing.
Melatonin protects against defects induced by malathion during porcine oocyte maturation
GEO Series GSE132618. Sus scrofa. 6 samples. Type: Expression profiling by high throughput sequencing.
Transcriptional impact of organophosphate pesticides chlorpyrifos and malathion and their mixture on the juvenile coho salmon olfactory system.
GEO Series GSE47984. Oncorhynchus kisutch; Salmo salar. 70 samples. Type: Expression profiling by array.
Safety and Tolerability of a Novel Malathion Formulation in Infants and Toddlers With Head Lice
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT00291057. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 0.
Safety and Efficacy of a Novel Malathion Formulation in the Treatment of Head Lice
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT00244439. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 0.
Transcriptome profiling reveals potential core genes involved in metabolic detoxification of malathion in Asian tiger mosquito, Aedes albopictus
GEO Series GSE217289. Aedes albopictus. 20 samples. Type: Expression profiling by high throughput sequencing.
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